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Holt Psycology
Chapter 7 & 8
23
Psychology
12th Grade
01/15/2014

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Cards

Term
Schedule of Reinforcement
Definition
When and how reinforcement occurs.
Term
Continuous Reinforcement
Definition
Or the reinforcement of a behavior every time the behavior occurs.
Term
Partial Reinforcement
Definition
Behavior is not reinforced every time it occurs.
Term
Shaping
Definition
It is a way of teaching behaviors in which one first reinforcers small steps in the right direction.
Term
Latent Learning
Definition
Learning that remains hidden until it is needed.
Term
Observational Learning
Definition
Knowledge and skills that are gained by observing or imitating other people.
Term
Encoding
Definition
Transforming information into a form that can be formed.
Term
Maintenance Rehearsal
Definition
Repeating information over and over again until they remember it.
Term
Storage
Definition
The second process of memory.
Term
Elaborative Rehearsal
Definition
Is widely used in education because it has been proved to be a much more effective method.
Term
Context- Dependent Memories
Definition
The context of a memory is the situation in which a person had the experience to remember.
Term
State- Dependent Memories
Definition
Memories that are retrieved because the mood in which they were originally encoded is re-created.
Term
Tip- of- the-tongue Phenomenon
Definition
You feel you know something you are sure that you know it. It is on the tip of your tongue, but that is as far as it goes.
Term
Iconic Memory
Definition
Icons are held in sensory register.
Term
Eidetic Imagery
Definition
The ability to remember visual stimuli over long periods of time.
Term
Echoic Memory
Definition
Mental traces of sounds called echoes are held in a sensory register.
Term
Short-Term Memory
Definition
The information will remain there after the sensory memory trace has faded away.
Term
Primacy Effect
Definition
The tendency to recall the initial items in a series of items.
Term
Recency Effect
Definition
The tendency to recall the last items in a series.
Term
Chunking
Definition
The organization of items into familiar or mangable units.
Term
Interference
Definition
Occurs when new information appears in short-term memory and takes the place of what is already there.
Term
Long-Term Memory
Definition
It is the third and final stage of memory information.
Term
Schemes
Definition
The mental representations that form of the world by organizing bit of information into knowledge.
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