Term
| Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co. |
|
Definition
| Congressional income tax is unconstitutional because it is a direct tax that can occur only after a census. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The Oleomargarine Act is constitutional because Congress levied a valid excise tax under the Tax and Spend Clause. |
|
|
Term
| Bailey v. Drexel Furniture Co. |
|
Definition
| The Child Labor Tax is unconstitutional because Congress cannot regulate manufacturing by assessing a financial penalty. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Part of the Agricultural Adjustment Act imposing a tax on farmers is unconstitutional because Congress must spend revenue for the general welfare, not for a specific group. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Attachment of minimum drinking age to federal highway funds is constitutional because Congress may attach specific policy requirements for receipt of federal money. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| State law rescinding land grants is unconstitutional because it impairs the obligation of contracts. |
|
|
Term
| Dartmouth College v. Woodward |
|
Definition
| State statute changing Dartmouth College is unconstitutional because it violates the obligation of contract. |
|
|
Term
| Charles River Bridge v. Warren Bridge |
|
Definition
| State law incorporating a second bridge company is constitutional because it does not violate the original contract. |
|
|
Term
| Home Building and Loan Assoc. v. Blaisdell |
|
Definition
| State statute is constitutional because times of emergency allow governments to alter application of contracts without violating the Contract Clause. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| State statute creating monopoly is constitutional because it is a valid exercise of state police power and does not violate the 14th Amendment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| State statute regulating storage prices is constitutional because states may regulate private property if it is used for public good. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| State law regulating work schedules in bakeries is unconstitutional because it violates the liberty to contract. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| State law is constitutional because the state may pass legislation designed to protect women from harsh employment conditions. |
|
|
Term
| Adkins v. Children's Hospital |
|
Definition
| Congressional statute is unconstitutional because it violates women’s liberty to contract. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| State law regulating price of milk is constitutional and does not violate substantive due process. |
|
|
Term
| West Coast Hotel v. Parrish |
|
Definition
| State statute establishing minimum wage is constitutional because individuals do not possess a liberty to contract. Adkins v. Children’s Hospital is overturned. |
|
|
Term
| Williamson v. Lee Optical Company |
|
Definition
| State statute regulating eye care is constitutional. The Court abandons substantive due process. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Government operation of nearby airfield amounts to a taking of private property. Causby’s therefore entitled to just compensation. |
|
|
Term
| Penn Central Transportation Co. v. City of New York |
|
Definition
| New York Historic Landmark statute is constitutional and does not constitute a taking of private property. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| District of Columbia Redevelopment Act is constitutional because condemnation of property, with just compensation, is designed to promote the public welfare. |
|
|
Term
| Hawaii Housing Authority v. Midkiff |
|
Definition
| Hawaii Land Reform Act is constitutional because redistribution of land considered in favor of public use. |
|
|
Term
| Kelo v. City of New London |
|
Definition
| New London’s development plan is constitutional because economic revitalization is considered ‘public use’. |
|
|
