Term
| what is the key to prognosis & treatment wih hodgkins lymphoma? |
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Definition
| staging (rather than what kind of cell) |
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Term
| do both hodgkins and non-hodgkins lymphomas have systemic symptoms? |
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Definition
| yes, though hodgkins has a little more prominent presentation of fever/night sweats |
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Term
| what do hodgkin lymphomas tend to involve? |
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Definition
| lymph nodes as opposed to extra-nodal sites (single or chain of lymph nodes in contigous fashion) |
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Term
| what characterizes hodgkin disease? |
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Definition
| the reed-sternberg cell which is a neoplastic giant cell. it has a multilobate nucleus or it is multinucleate with large nucleoli. its origins are unknown and it may be associated with EBV |
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Term
| how do hodgkin lymph nodes appear grossly? |
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Definition
| lumpy bumpy w/follicles bulging out |
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Term
| what are the 4 different types of hodgkin disease? |
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Definition
| lymphocyte predominance, mixed cellularity, lymphocyte depletion, and nodular sclerosis |
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Term
| how do reed sternberg cells look? |
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Definition
| "googly eyes" - may have one nucleus, have clear areas surrounding nucleus, others w/HUGE nuclei |
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Term
| what are characteristics of lymphocyte predominant classic hodgkins lymphoma? |
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Definition
| it has a large number of lymphocytes mixed with histiocytes (tissue macrophages). it has "popcorn cells" - reed sternberg variants with multilobed, puffy nuclei. it resembles follicular NHL in shape and has the best prognosis of the 4 subtypes. (with RSC’s, you will often see considerable cell pleiomorphism with any classical HL subtype, so look for the most abundant RSC present) |
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Term
| what is characteristic about mixed-cellularity hodgkins disease? |
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Definition
| it is the most common in pts over 50 (males > females), reed-sternberg cells are plentiful, there is heterogenous cellular infiltrate and it presents more often with disseminated disease |
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Term
| what is characteristic about lymphocyte depletion hodgkin's disease? |
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Definition
| it is the least common form of HD, it has few lymphocytes and an abundance of reed-sternberg cells. most pts with this are older and have disseminated disease |
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Term
| what are characteristics about nodular sclerosis HD? |
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Definition
| is is the most common form of HD. it has lacunar cells (reed sternberg variants with multiple hyperlobate nuclei, surrounded by clear spaces. collagen bands divide the lymphoid tissue into nodules (fibrosis - firm) |
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Term
| who does nodular sclerosis hodgkin's disease occur to? where anatomically? |
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Definition
| nodular sclerosis HD occurs more often in adolescent/young adults and women, it in cervical, supraclavicular and mediastinal lymph nodes (it can lead to coughing- recurrent laryngeal nerve or superior vena cava syndrome where blood can’t return to the heart, swelling to head)). it has an excellent prognosis |
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Term
| what impact does the histological dimension of hodgkin's have on it's clinical course? |
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Definition
| very little in comparison to staging |
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Term
| what is clinical staging for hodgkin disease? |
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Definition
| how far the disease has spread throughout the body |
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Term
| what treatments are generally successful for pts with hodgkin disease? |
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Definition
| chemo and radiotherapy are usually successful, but can increase risk of malignancies down the road |
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Term
| what is stage I hodgkins disease? |
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Definition
| a single lymph node or extralymphatic organ/site affected |
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Term
| what is stage II hodgkins disease? |
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Definition
| 2+ lymph nodes on the same side of the diaphragm or localized involvement of an extralymphatic origin |
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Term
| what is stage III hodgkins disease? |
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Definition
| lymph region involvement on *both sides of the diaphragm OR localized involvement of an extralymphatic origin OR spleen OR both |
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Term
| what is stage IV hodgkins disease? |
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Definition
| diffuse/disseminated involvement of 1+ extra lymphatic organs OR w/associated lymph node involvment |
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