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HITT 1305 Ch 7-11 Study Guide
HITT 1305 Medical Terminology
146
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Undergraduate 1
10/17/2020

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Term
abortion
Definition
termination of pregnancy
Term
abruption placenta
Definition
premature separation of normally implanted placenta
Term
albuminuria
Definition
albumin protein found in urine
Term
Alzheimer's disease
Definition
brain disorder progressive mental deterioration, personality change, daily function decline
Term
anemia
Definition
lack of red blood cells to carry oxygen
Term
anencephaly
Definition
missing part of brain and skull
Term
aneurysm
Definition
enlarged weak arterial wall May rupture lead to stroke
Term
angina
Definition
chest pain from heart disease
Term
anorchism
Definition
absence of one or more testes
Term
aphasia
Definition
difficulty with speech
Term
arachnoid membrane
Definition
second layer membrane surrounding brain & spinal cord, loosely attached by web-like fibers
Term
ataxia
Definition
decreased coordination
Term
atrioventricular node
Definition
tissue between atria, receives electrical impulses from SA node to ventricles
Term
axon
Definition
carries electrical impulse away from cell body
Term
azotemia
Definition
elevation of blood urea nitrogen from faulty kidney
Term
balanitis
Definition
inflammation from overgrowth of organisms
Term
balanitis
Definition
inflammation of foreskin or head
Term
Bell's palsy
Definition
paralysis on one side of face
Term
bradykinesia
Definition
extreme slowness in movement
Term
breast carcinoma
Definition
breast cancer
Term
bruit
Definition
audible sound from turbulent blood flow
Term
Bundle of HIS
Definition
muscle fibers transmit electrical impulses between atria and ventricles
Term
calyx
Definition
cup-like region of renal pelvis
Term
causalgia
Definition
burning pain from injury to nerve
Term
cerebrovascular accident
Definition
stroke, disruption in normal blood supply to brain
Term
cervical carcinoma
Definition
cervical cancer
Term
cervix
Definition
lower neck like portion of the uterus
Term
chancre
Definition
painless genital ulcer from syphilis
Term
chorion
Definition
2 outer membranes surround embryo, fetal part of placenta
Term
claudication
Definition
pain while walking but none at rest
Term
coarctation of aorta
Definition
localized narrow of aorta
Term
corpus luteum
Definition
empty ovarian follicle that secretes progesterone after release of egg cell
Term
cortex
Definition
outer region of an organ
Term
cryosurgery
Definition
use of cold temperatures to destroy tissue
Term
cryptorchidism
Definition
undescended testes
Term
cul de sac
Definition
blind pouch between rectum and uterus
Term
deglutition
Definition
the act of swallowing
Term
dementia
Definition
mental decline and deterioration
Term
diabetes insipidus
Definition
DI-antidiuretic hormone is not secreted
Term
diabetes mellitus
Definition
insulin is not secreted or tissues are resistant
Term
dialysis
Definition
separating nitrogenous waste from blood
Term
diarrhea
Definition
frequent discharge of liquid stool
Term
diastole
Definition
relaxation phase of heartbeat
Term
Down syndrome
Definition
chromosomal abnormality
Term
ductus deferens
Definition
vas deferens - to carry sperm from epididymis to urethra
Term
dura mater
Definition
outermost membrane of meninges contains channels with blood
Term
dypnea
Definition
difficulty breathing
Term
dyslexia
Definition
reading disorder, brain does not process properly
Term
ectopic pregnancy
Definition
fertilized egg implants outside uterus
Term
endometriosis
Definition
endometrial tissue outside the uterus
Term
epididymitis
Definition
inflammation of tube that carries sperm
Term
epidural hematoma
Definition
bleeding between skull & dura mater
Term
epilepsy
Definition
brain disorder with recurrent seizures
Term
epispadias
Definition
uretha does not develop into full tube
Term
erythroblastosis fetalis
Definition
Rh factor incompatibility between mother and fetus
Term
estrogen
Definition
produced by ovaries, promotes female characteristics
Term
fibroids
Definition
benign tumors in uterus
Term
flagellum
Definition
tail of sperm that makes it move
Term
fraternal
Definition
more than one or egg separate placentas
Term
fundus
Definition
rounded upper portion of the uterus
Term
glia
Definition
supporting structure of nervous tissue, protect neurons
Term
glomerulus
Definition
ball of capillaries in kidney
Term
glycosuria
Definition
sugar found in urine indicating diabetes
Term
gyrus
Definition
nerve cells with ridges on surface of cerebral cortex, convolution
Term
heart block
Definition
atrioventricular block- no impulses from SA & AV nodes
Term
herinorrhaphy
Definition
repair of hernia
Term
Huntington's disease
Definition
degenerative changes in the cerebrum leading to involuntary movements and mental deterioration
Term
hyaline membrane disease
Definition
acute lung disease in premature newborns
Term
hydrocele
Definition
sack of clear fluid in the scrotum
Term
hydrocephalus
Definition
accumulation of fluid in brain
Term
hypertension
Definition
high blood pressure
Term
hyposapadias
Definition
mail urethral opening undersurface of penis
Term
hypotension
Definition
low blood pressure
Term
identical
Definition
single egg single sperm
Term
interatrial septum
Definition
wall between right and left Atria
Term
interstitial nephritis
Definition
inflammation of tissue between renal tubules
Term
ischemia
Definition
restricted blood flow
Term
ligation
Definition
tying and binding off
Term
luteinizing hormone
Definition
secreted from pituitary gland promotes ovulation
Term
meatus
Definition
opening or canal
Term
medulla
Definition
the innermost part
Term
meninges
Definition
3 layers connective tissue membranes surround brain & spinal cord
Term
micturition
Definition
urination
Term
murmur
Definition
swishing sound from improper closure of heart valves
Term
myasthenia gravis
Definition
autoimmune neuromuscular disorder weakness of voluntary muscles
Term
myelin sheath
Definition
insulates axon, speeds transmission of electrical impulse
Term
myometrium
Definition
muscle layer of uterus
Term
nephrolithotomy
Definition
kidney stone removal
Term
neurasthenia
Definition
nervous exhaustion fatigue following depression
Term
nocturia
Definition
frequent urination at night
Term
orchiopexy
Definition
surgical procedure to correct undescended testes
Term
orchitis
Definition
infection causing enlargement of one or both testes
Term
palpitations
Definition
abnormally rapid or irregular heartbeat
Term
parenchyma
Definition
essential tissue of any organ includes neurons and nerves that carry nervous impulses
Term
parenchymal tissue
Definition
performs essential functions of each organ
Term
Parkinson's disease
Definition
degeneration of neurons in basal ganglia tremors, weakness of muscles, slowness of movement
Term
patent ductus arteriosus
Definition
passage between aorta & pulmonary artery remains open after birth
Term
pericarditis
Definition
inflammation of membranes surrounding heart
Term
pericardium
Definition
double layer membrane surrounding heart
Term
murmur
Definition
Term
perineum
Definition
between anus and vagina
Term
phimosis
Definition
narrow opening of prepuce over penis
Term
pia mater
Definition
3rd layer of meninges, closest to brain & spinal cord
Term
placenta previa
Definition
placenta implanted over cervical opening
Term
plebitis
Definition
inflammation of vein
Term
polydipsia
Definition
excessive thirst
Term
polyphagia
Definition
excessive hunger
Term
polyuria
Definition
excessive urination
Term
preeclampsia
Definition
high blood pressure, edema, headache during pregnancy
Term
prepuce
Definition
foreskin
Term
progesterone
Definition
produced by corpus luteum in ovary & placenta
Term
prostatic hyperplasia
Definition
prostate gland enlargement, benign growth
Term
prostatitis
Definition
inflammation of prostate
Term
pyloric stenosis
Definition
narrow opening of stomach to duodenum
Term
rales
Definition
crackling sound during inhalation
Term
renal calculus
Definition
kidney stones
Term
renin
Definition
hormone secreted by kidney that raises blood pressure
Term
retention
Definition
inability to empty bladder
Term
seminoma
Definition
common tumor in testes, arises from embryonic cells in the testes
Term
septicemia
Definition
sepsis, blood poisoning by bacteria
Term
sinoatrial node
Definition
pacemaker of heart
Term
subarachnoid space
Definition
The space between the arachnoid and the pia mater through which the cerebrospinal fluid circulates and across which extend delicate trabeculae of connective tissue
Term
subdural hematoma
Definition
collection of blood between dura mater & arachnoid
Term
sulci
Definition
grooves in cerebral cortex, separate gyri
Term
synapse
Definition
space that nervous impulse travels between nerve cells
Term
systole
Definition
contraction phase of heartbeat
Term
testosterone
Definition
produced by testes, promotes male characteristics
Term
Tetralogy of Fallot
Definition
malformation with four distinct heart defects
Term
thalamus
Definition
main relay center of brain between spinal cord and the cerebrum
Term
thrombolysis
Definition
treatment to dissolve dangerous clots in blood vessels
Term
transposition
Definition
transposed to opposite side
Term
trigone
Definition
triangular area in urinary bladder
Term
TURP
Definition
transurethral resection of the prostate, excision of benign prostatic hyperplasia using a resectoscope through the urethra
Term
uremia
Definition
nitrogenous waste accumulates in the blood
Term
ureter
Definition
2 tubes from kidney to bladder
Term
ureterocele
Definition
swelling of ureter at bottom entering bladder
Term
urethra
Definition
two from bladder to outside of body
Term
urethrocele
Definition
prolapse of urethra into vagina
Term
urethrostomy
Definition
creation of opening between perineum and urethra
Term
vagoma
Definition
???
Term
varicocele
Definition
varicose veins above the testes
Term
vas deferens
Definition
tube carry sperm to epididymitis to urethra
Term
vasodilation
Definition
widening of blood vessels
Term
vasovasostomy
Definition
reversal of vasectomy
Term
vavuloplasty
Definition
balloon-tipped catheter dilates cardiac valve
Term
Wilms tumor
Definition
malignant tumor of kidney and child
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