Mercantilism

Columbian Exchange

an exchange of goods, plants, animals. diseases, and people etc. between Europe and the Americans.

Northwest passage

The water route to Asia through North America sought by European explorers.

House of Burgesses

first representives acting body in America in Jamestown, Virginia.

Monarchy

government ruled by a king.

Free Market economy

Plantation

a large farm worked by slaves in the south (tidewater).

Stamp Act

tax on all printed materials-directly taxed all the colonists

Act of Toleration

Proclamation of 1763

lowered the taxes on sugar/molasses to prevent smuggling it the triangluar trade-tax on trade.

Quatering Act

forced colonists to house and feed British soldiers

directed the flow of goods in England and the colonies.

thin rocky soil, poor farming.

They were ship builders and they fished.

New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, and Rhode Island.

Middle Colonies

New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware

Were known as the Quakers 

(wheat, oats, and barley). 

Southern Colonies

Virginia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Maryland, and Georgia

(tobacco, plantations, and slaves)

American Revolution

War fought between the Redcoats and Americans.

Caused by "taxation without representation" and England's abuse of power.

Americans won the war and their independence.

Patrick Henry

Passionate patriot who became famous for his fiery speeches in favor of American Independence.

His most famous quotes included the words,

"Give me liberty or give me death!"

Patriot

a colonist who supported independence.

Loyalist

the first battles in America Revolution

("The shot heard around the world")

Battle of Saratoga

Treaty of Paris (1783)

Stopped the American Revolutionary War.

America's first constitution.

Weak government because it gave too much power to the states, instead of the Federal Government. Government could not: regulate trade, force the citizens to join the army, impose taxes, and lacked of chief executive.

Unalienable Rights

Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

They cannot take it away or trade it.

They are giving it to you at birth.

Constitution

A plan of government.

Philadelphia Constitutional Convention in 1787 that formed a republic.

Policy of establishing the principles and procedures for the orderly expansion of the U.S.

The first document signed in 1215 by King John of England that limited the powers of the ruler.

Philadelphia Convention of 1787

Led by George Washington.

  Compromised on 3 main issues:      

1. State represented in a bicameral legislature.

(Senate: 2 per state;

House of Reps: based on population)

2. Three-fifths compromise.

3. Selecting a president through an electoral college

three fifths compromise

representatives in congress based on population for small population state.

1 house congress, 1 vote per state.

representatives in congress based on population for large population states;

James Madison-father of the constitution.

2 house goverment

strong national government.

Federalist

supporters of the constitution who favored a strong national government.

British killed 5 colonists on March 5, 1770.

One of the people killed was an African American named Crispus Attucks

Declaration of Independence

Thomas Jefferson wrote it.

Approved on July 4, 1776

Farmers land was being taken away, so Daniel Shay led over 1000 farmers in a rebellion of against the government.

N.E.:  Fishing, shipbuilding; no farming due to thin, rocky soil

M.C.: Grains, Oats, Wheat, Barley, & manufacturing iron.

S.C.:Slavery, Tobacco Plantations, & agriculture.

Gave too much power to the states instead of the Federal Government.  List of do's and don'ts.

Government could: conduct foreign affairs, maintain armed forces, borrow money, & issue currency.

Government could not: regulate trade, force citizens to join the army, or impose taxes.