Term
| History vs. historiography. |
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Definition
History: role, material, events that have happened/memory
Historiography: presented in a narrative w a particular event |
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Term
| History as a “master narrative”. |
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Definition
| Narrative that provides an explanation for a particular event/ cost and effect ( Sept. 11) |
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Term
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Definition
Stories: Dynamic of a personality
History: events, role, material, memory |
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Term
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Definition
history is made from memory.
Memory makes history less valid |
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Term
| • History as a cultural construct. |
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Definition
| whole set of cultural values/elements should be remembered- or forgotten |
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Term
| • Film as document and historical construct. |
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Definition
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Term
Culture
Culture Identity
Culture Nationality |
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Definition
Culture: signifying practices, which form that which is distinctive about a way of life”.
Culture Identity: modal points of cultural meaning, most notably class, gender, race, ethnicity, nation and age”.
Culture Nationality: imaginative identification with the nation-state as expressed through symbols and discourses. |
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Term
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Definition
| simple representations which reduce persons to a set of exaggerated, negative, character traits. |
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Term
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Definition
anything that generates meaning through signified practice
truth- socially created |
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Term
| a) Why does Storey claim that popular culture is “an empty conceptual category”? |
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Definition
| pop culture lacks any definition of itself. |
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Term
| b) What are Raymond Williams´ three definitions of the term “culture”? |
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Definition
| General process of intellectual, spiritual, and aesthetic development / cultural materialism |
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Term
| c) What are the differences between “cultural practices” and “cultural texts”? |
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Definition
ultural practice- traditional everyday practice from a specific group of people/
Cultural text- anything that generates meaning through signified practice. |
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Term
| d) Comment on the different definitions of the term “ideology”. |
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Definition
| magination, how we define ourselves (goals, expectations, actions) / a set of values/ false consciousness- concealment- fetish/ hegemony( always an argument)/ ideology as a myth / way of looking at things |
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Term
| e) Comment on the six definitions of “popular culture” presented by Storey. |
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Definition
1. popular culture is mass culture: produced/consumed
2. Culture left over after deciding what is High Culture( classical music, ballet, opera, painting, literature)
3. Culture which is widely favoured or well liked by many people
4. Lived culture: a culture that originated from people( way of life) / cultural texts written
5. Pop culture- civilization- ideology
6. Theories of pop culture are theories about the constitution of the people (post modernist view)
7. Pop culture with folk culture |
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Term
a) Comment on Spain´s form of government?
IU
UPD
CIU |
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Definition
1939: Dictatorship/ 1975: Constitutional, Monarchy (Las cortes: senado y congreso de los disputados y Presidente)
Forms of Government:
IU: Izquierda Unida
UPD: Union Progreso y Democracia
CIU: Convergence and Union
CEDA: Confederatión Espanola de Derechas Autónomas( Right- National Front)
PSOE:Partido Socialista Obrero Español ( LEFT-Pop front) |
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Term
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Definition
| religious, education, military, agricultural |
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Term
| Classes that formed top of Society (Traditional Powers) |
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Definition
| monarchy, military, land owners, religious elites |
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Term
| b) Which are the main political parties in Spain? |
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Definition
Political Right:
• CEDA
• Catholic Church
• National front
• Carlist
• Traditionalist
• Falange ( fascist)
• Monarchy
• Military, Middle class, landownersPolitical Left:
• PSOE
• Communist
• Anarchist
• Left Republicans
• Popular front ( Republicans)
• Socialists
• Liberals
Second republic and civil war summary |
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Term
| c) How many regions and provinces are there in Spain? |
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Definition
| 17 regions and provinces / 50 provinces |
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Term
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Definition
| a civilian,became war minister / headed the new Republican Action Party |
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Term
| b) Casas Viejas uprising (p. 139).- |
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Definition
| national uproar ensued over guardsmen’s conduct against anarchist |
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Term
| c) Luis Buñuel (Tierra sin pan: Las Hurdes).- |
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Definition
| Spanish film maker- most famous short film ever made in the silent era |
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Term
| d) National Front vs. Popular Front. |
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Definition
National Front: Right Front, Catholic church, CEDA, traditionalists, monarchy, Falange (fascists), conservatives, military, landowners, middle class/
Popular Front: PSDE, communists, anarchist, left Republicans. liberals, socialists |
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Term
| a) Comment on some of the policies and reforms intended and/or introduced by the government of the Second Republic? |
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Definition
1) Religious reforms
2) Educational Reforms: replace religious teachers “ lay education”
3) Military Reform: Manuel Azana- military leader
4) Agricultural (land) reform: collectivization |
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Term
| b) What were some reasons for the outbreak of the Civil war in Spain? |
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Definition
1) Back drop of the Great Depression, economic and political convulsions
2) the conditions of modern life- rapid transportation, telecommunications, had fragmented to old sense of community
3) Rich became more rich and had nothing to do with the poor
4) Many heeded the rhetoric of anarchists and Socialists who promised to give the poor more than they had (eg. Regionalism)
5) Need for industrial peace and agricultural land reform/ workers weren’t getting enough pay
6) Agriculture: liberal ideal of small famer clashed with anarchist and Socilaist calls for collectivization
7) Army was costly, bloated and politcal
8) Key to the problem from the Leftists and liberals: power and wealth of the church
9) Fights against Catholics and republican militants led to mob violence aginst Church property in Madrid |
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Term
| c) What was foreign response to the Spanish Civil War? |
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Definition
| Madrid sought aid from France: first supportive, British had little sympathy with Spain developments and kept out. France had to keep ties with Britian to face Hitler in Germany so then closed Franco Spanish border.US also kept out. . Spain received material aid from Stalin’s Soviet Union. Soviet Union, Nazi Germany and fascist Italy only paid lip service ot the Allies call to quarantine Spain |
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Term
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Definition
| are the entire body of laws issued by the Spanish Crown for its American and Philippine possessions of its empire. They regulated social, political and economic life in these areas. |
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Term
| b) Bartolomé de Las Casas.- |
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Definition
| he devoted his life to the defence of just treatment for the Indians/ raised his voice and protested |
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Term
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Definition
| – legal device, document stating from the conquistadores, that the Indian population subject themselves to the Spanish monarch and they should convert to Christianity( Indians were attacked and subjugated- they didn’t understand the language of the document) |
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Term
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Definition
| mestizos and mulattos. (pp. 9/11).- Latin American of Euopean descent |
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Term
| e) Día de la Hispanidad.- |
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Definition
| Columbus day- Oct. 12/ when he set foot on the Americas |
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Term
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Definition
| Muslim Spain/ link between Spain and Europe/ positive contributions to spain/ cultured and sophisticated society/ good impact on learning / achieved in fields of law, mathematics, architecture, and austronomy/ writing of Classical Greece and Rome preserved in Arabic Translation |
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Term
| g) Regeneración (p. 19).- |
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Definition
| Spaniard urged to become more European/ regeneration/ imitating countries such as Italy, France or England/ new culture |
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Term
| a) What are the two major “ethnic” groupings to which Spain is said to belong? Also, comment on some of their features. |
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Definition
European: Spain is attached to the European land mass/increased culture integration into Europe/greater economic government/Spain has been a significant force in Europe
Hispanic: Spain has been given the historial reality of the colonial relationship overseas territories- Latin America. / anything connected to Spanish language, culture and identity/ most significant: language/ |
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Term
| b) What was europeísmo in late 19th Century and early 20th century Spain? |
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Definition
| An intellectual stance which favoured closer approximation to mainstream European values- inevitable direction for social and political modernization to take |
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Term
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Definition
| getting crazy/ out of control/ period when sexuality was over exposed/ boom in religious matters |
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Term
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Definition
| verses written to mock respectable behaviour and social normality become, a vehicle for expressing crude anti- female sentiments |
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Term
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Definition
| women section of National Movement/ domesticated, rural economy, literacy, dance, singing. Taken by male dominance |
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Term
| a) What´s the difference between sex and gender? |
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Definition
Sex: biology (essentialism)
Gender- cultural elements, political, or historical construct ex. How society views men/women and how they should be at a young age |
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Term
| b) Comment on the issues of love and affection as developed in the tradition of Spanish poetry. |
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Definition
| Women and men have been led to hablar hermoso under the real or imagined influence of love/ written from a males point of view/ women disadvantage/male point of view predominates/ womens desire: appear pernicious, debilitating, disruptive, corrupting influences, week , dangerous, disrupting social normality/ leading men astray |
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Term
| c) Comment on the different gender identities of Spanish men and women as manifested in the three categories analyzed by Richardson |
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Definition
Use of place and space: patriarchal order- structured streets/ architecture is male like- women should be confined at home, female space (market) Women in church and school: women predominate/school- intimacy of home and family/
domestic chores: housework is women work/ do mans job |
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Term
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Definition
| economic self suffiency/ no imports/ no exports |
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Term
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Definition
| political- military leader |
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Term
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Definition
| from fascism to National Catholicism and anti-communism) |
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Term
| c) Law of the Rights of Spaniards (1945 |
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Definition
| a political euphemism , set of obligations for becoming a true Spaniard that has actual list of rights |
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Term
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Definition
| name of the separatist group emerging in the 60’s in Basque Country and proscribed as a terrorist organization |
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Term
| a) What are the basic features of francoist Spain as stated in it famous motto: “Una, grande y libre”. |
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Definition
| Political Propaganda, nationalism, empire, anti- communism |
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Term
| b) Why does the United States government back Spain´s claim for full membership in the UN during the 50´s? |
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Definition
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Term
| c) Comment on the issues of exile at the end of the Spanish Civil War. |
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Definition
| Franco didn’t concede amnesty to those defeated. “Political revenge”- exile. |
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Term
| d) Comment on Franco´s Spain stance towards World War II. |
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Definition
| From neutral, to non- belligerent to neutral again, but always ideologically sided with Axis powers( Germany, Italy, Japan) |
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Term
| e) What opposition forces added to the disintegration of Francoism? |
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Definition
Student and workers protests
Francos decline in health |
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