Term
| Early in Book 1 of Republic, the old man Cephalos declares that... |
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Definition
living moderately; living up to legal obligations and being honest; wealth is important
2. For Plato, a city is characterized by |
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| For Plato, a city is characterized by... |
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| Plato designates as ‘imitation’ that... |
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| style of literature in which removed from the truth pg 1202-03 |
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| A city has the virtue of temperance if... |
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| pg 1063 when all the classes in the city are cooperating and living harmoniously |
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| According to Republic, the desiring part of the soul is analogous to the following element in the city: |
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Definition
| the working class and simple laborers |
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| The myth of the four metals is a “lie” designed to... |
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Definition
| ensure no controversy over the ruling class; patriotism and loyalty to fellow citizens |
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| About 1/3 of the way through Book 2 of Republic, Socrates begins to... |
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Definition
| construct the ideal city. His ostensible purpose in doing this is to find out what justice is and to show it is desirable for its own sake |
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| Plato thinks of courage in the city as... |
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| pg 1061 a kind of preservation of beliefs and not abandoning them; knowing what is to be feared; beliefs are developed by law and education |
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| A philosopher differs from a sight-fancier in that... |
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Definition
| the sight-fancier pg 1102 does not see the difference between actual beauty and perceived beauty |
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Term
| In the parable of the cave, the prisoners’ chains... |
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| The “study of number” serves to... |
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Definition
| draw the soul towards real being by abstract; rebelling against the visible and thinking about the theoretical |
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| . According to Aristotle, a virtue of character... |
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Definition
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| Aristotle defines generosity (liberality) as... |
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| a balance between stingyness and wastefullness; give people the right amount at the right time |
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Term
| If you want to know whether a given trait of character is a virtue or not, then according to Aristotle you can tell by discerning... |
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Definition
| whether the character trait is being used in moderation |
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| The good of anything, according to Aristotle, is... |
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Definition
| the performing well of its function |
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Term
| . Thought, according to Aristotle, can be directed to... |
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Definition
| only toward those means over which we have some control and only when the correct manner of proceeding is not immediately obvious. |
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Term
| On the relation between happiness and good fortune, Aristotle’s view is that happiness... |
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Definition
| does not depend on good fortune |
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Term
| Of which part of the soul, according to Aristotle, are the virtues of character virtues? |
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Term
| On the relation between pleasure and virtue, Aristotle believes that virtue... |
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Definition
| can change what you find pleasurable; by nature, the things we find pleasurable are not virtuous. but if you start to practice virtues, they will become pleasurable |
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Term
| One of the virtues functions as an agent of the unity of the virtues in Aristotle’s ethics; that is, it is that virtue without which no other virtue can be possessed, and the possession of which guarantees the possession of any of the other virtues. Which one is it? |
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| Plato's first concept of justice |
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Definition
| Book I. Everyone getting their due. Cephalos and Polymarchus. you reap what you sow. no one will get more than they deserve or earn. |
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| Plato's second concept of justice |
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Definition
Book IV. Harmony in everybody doing their own jobs.
--division in the city: Guardians, Auxiliaries, Workers
--compared to a body working together. if it is unhealthy, the body is not cooperating correctly. |
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Term
| Which concept of justice is the official definition? |
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Definition
| --a) desirable for its own sake because injustice tortures a man’s psyche while justice allows the soul to be healthy, happy and calm (Book XI) |
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Definition
--a) lawful; purpose is to create social harmony which leads to virtue in people
--b) laws come from the study of individual virtues |
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Term
| Particular Justice (Part 1) |
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Definition
| Distributive Justice :1. Proportionally equal based off merit; like wages |
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Term
| Particular Justice (Part 2) |
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Definition
Retributive Justice : arithmetically equal
1. Voluntary- choice
a. paying back monetary debt
b. trading of goods
2. Involuntary- force
a. punishment for crime
b. suffered by the subject and object of an action |
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Term
| Similarities between Justices (1) |
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Definition
A. Giving people their due is like particular justice
1. because people reveive what they earn or payback what they owe |
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| Similarities between Justices (2) |
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Definition
B. Doing each person’s own job is like general justice
1. Because concerned with social harmony
2. Different in how they achieve it; Plato through labor, Aristotle through laws |
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(Asks questions so they can discover truth for themselves without being told anything)
A. Laches- Courage
B. Euthyphro- Piety
C. Try to define these terms such as to understand them |
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Definition
A. Meno’s Paradox and Slave Boy
B. Shows that you can still learn things without actually knowing (Document of Recollection) |
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Definition
A. Distinguish dilaectic from pre dialectic
B. Needed dialectic for guardians so they could get closer to the forms |
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Definition
A. A and L/E asks questions
B. M and R deal with the soul
C. M and R tells people things
D. All seek the forms (Courage, Piety, Virtue, Good) |
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