Term
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Definition
Niepce Lithography didn't work out.
1807, "Heliograph," 8 hours.
Dies in 1833, forms partnership with Daguere |
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Term
Niepce
(type of photo, chemicals, pros & cons) |
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Definition
Heliograph
Coat pewter plate
Pro: first one!
Con: slow |
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Term
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Definition
Louis Daguere, 1840.
Daguere originally made dioramas. Stole Neipes' work after "partnership" and Niepes' death. After Daguerreotype, Arago & French gov't buys & popularizes it. |
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Term
Loius Daguere
(Daguerreotype chemicals, pros & cons) |
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Definition
Polished copper plate
Pros: clarity, business, brings portraits to middle class
Cons: size (small), fragile, exposure time is 15-30 minutes |
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Term
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Definition
William Henry Fox Talbot
Calotype, paper negative, everyday images
(from Britian) |
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Term
William Henry Fox Talbot
(type of photo(s), chemicals, cons) |
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Definition
Sciagraphs
Photogenic Drawings / made Calotype negative |
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Term
Calotype (pros & cons)
Salt Paper Print (preparation) |
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Definition
Calotype is the negative
Pros: on paper, there is a negative & a positive, larger, more business
Cons: fuzzier, takes time
Negative and paper are held together and exposed, can take mins or hours (Talbot 45 mins) |
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Term
Sir John Herschel
(terms coined) |
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Definition
"Photography," "Fix," "Positive," "Negative"
Gallic acid as a developer, hypo as fixer, tinted prints/cyanotype - "blueprint" - contact printing |
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Term
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Definition
Direct positive paper images, but not credited
Photogenic drawings / Calotype negative, later- paper negatives
"Self Portrait as a Drowned Man" |
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Term
Albumen Negatives
(people, date, chemicals, pros & cons) |
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Definition
Claude Niepce (Fr) & John Adams Whipple (US)
1847
Pros: exquisite lantern slides, unique postive
Cons: glass, clear |
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Term
Ambrotype
(person, date, chemicals, pros & cons) |
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Definition
James Ambrose Cutting (US)
Mount against black cloth, because image is light gray
Pros: cheaper than daguerreotype, quick
Cons: lack brilliance of daguerreotype, fragility |
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Term
Ferrotype/Tintype
(materials, pros) |
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Definition
Similar technique to Ambrotype, uses collodian
Pros: cheap! Sturdy! Fair & civil war photos |
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Term
| Albumen - Printing (person, chemicals) |
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Definition
Louis Blanquart-Evrard (1850)
Coat paper with eggwhite. Sealant, so chemicals (& image) stays on top.
Produces glossy print- popular! glorious tones! |
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Term
Wet Plate Collodion
(person, pros & cons) |
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Definition
Frederick Scott Archer (1851)
Collodion-
Pros: expore time down to 3-8 seconds, larger, never patented (accessible)
Cons: use wet, must carry darkroom around, difficult. Acid developer causes blindness |
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Term
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Definition
3D viewing!
Popular by 1851 at the Great Exposition |
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Term
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Definition
| Stereograph from Stereoscope. |
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Term
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Definition
Photographer: Zealy
Patron: Agassiz. Founder of Comparative Zoologies. Trying to create visual evidence that blacks are different that whites & disprove Darwin (could have supported slavery).
Not good as scientific evidence. |
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Term
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Definition
Hugh Welch Diamond
Worked as superintendent at asylum.
Physiognomy - study of shaped heads, facial expression as character traits |
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Term
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Definition
Francis Galton's Typographies
Eugenics- weed out certain traits
Composites of child abusers, etc.
Nazi's inspired! |
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Term
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Definition
Street children turned into good citizens!
Questions of tampering with the truth- dirtying up children |
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Term
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Definition
| France's Mission Heliographicque - sent photographers to document past glories. Questions about what is being taken down. Used the "romantic" Calotype (Br) as opposed to Daguerreotype (Fr) |
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Term
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Definition
Southworth & Hawes in America!
Niagra Falls |
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Term
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Definition
George Platt Babbit
Niagra Falls, took photos of people not expecting it, and sold it to them later |
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Term
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Definition
Bisson Brothers
In the Alps with lots of porters. |
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Term
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Definition
Samuel Borne
Himalayas, India, Kashmir |
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Term
Hottest Market in 1850
Photographers & Writers
Published by? |
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Definition
Hottest Market: Egypt & Holy Lands
DuCamp (writer) & Flaubert.
Salzmann - Jerusalem
Published by Blanquart-Evard |
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Term
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Definition
Gustave La Gray
Combination Printing - 2 negatives |
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Term
Foucalt thinking
Photo as a tool of control |
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Definition
Foucalt - power & structures of power- photography as a technology of power
Photo as a tool of control
Bertillion- control prisons
Diamond- control asylum
Barnardo- control poverty, orphans
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Term
Painters & Cameras
- Thomas Eakins |
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Definition
1800s painting- classical, romanticism, feelings driven
1850s- realism, everyday.
Thomas Eakins- American, spends time in Fr, Br.
Loved photography, collected photos of models to capture motion. Projected slides onto canvas to aid in painting. |
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Term
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Definition
Oscar Rejlander, "Two Ways of Life"
Based on Raphael's "School of Athens"
30 negatives, professional tableaux vivant actors.
Controversy!
Push boundaries of multiple printing |
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