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-Trained at John Hopkins
-developed Functionalism at U. of Chicago.
-Did work with education in America |
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Student of Dewey
worked with James and ebbinghaus
Pres of Yale
Famous students: Carr and Watson |
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founded Columbia dept of functionalism
-studied with Wundt
-interested in indiv differences
-agreed w/ Galton - eugenics
Was a terrible experimenter, started SCIENCE, Journal of CONSULTING PSYC, and PSYCCORP |
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Harvard with James
-worked with Carr
-puzzle box (learning through trail and error)
Law of Exercise, Law of Effect, Theory of transfer |
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invented Gestalt psyc
-Jewish, friends with Einstein
-Law of Pragnanz
-apparent motion
-wrote Productive Thinking |
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| Principles of Gestalt Psyc |
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-Principle of Inclusiveness - try to associate things to others we know.
-Proximity - group things that are close together
-Closure- form lines if we think something is incomplete
-Principle of smallness - the smallest thing is typically the subject |
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The Mentality of Apes
-insight (not trail and error)
- frustrative non-reward
-stood against the Nazis |
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-"The Growth of Mind"
-main textbook of Gestaltists
-Jewish |
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| Gestaultists sometimes reference him. |
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developed Phenomenology (gestalts adopted this)
- you should allow an introspecting person to tell you exactly like they experience it. |
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studied speed of sound (not a psychologist)
Space Form / time form |
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part of phenomenological movement
-Form quality (Gestalt Qualitat) - bits of info of our experiences |
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| Quantum theory - Nobel prise for work on radiation |
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from Russia
-St. Petersburg
-Noble Prize for work in Physiology
-Pavlov pouch |
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-founder of Russian physiology
-"Reflexes of the Brain" |
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| First to use classical conditioning for psychology (to control behavior) |
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-founder of behaviorism
-studied at U of Chicago
-Pres of John Hopkins
-"Psyc as the Behaviorist View it"
- covert speech
- Fear, Rage, Love
-Little Albert
-Psyc care of infant and child
-used conditioning for advertising |
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| showed that Watson's experiment could be reversed, fears could be unconditioned |
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| Theory of tropism - explained behavior by characterizing environment. |
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French
-in charge of Bicetre and Sapetriere
- unchained them, allowed them to walk around
-used straight jackets |
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| 1st book of psychiatry - "The Mental illness" |
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-investigated Gassner
-animal magnetism
-"On the Influence of the Planets"
- Eventually decided he didnt need magnets, bc he was one
-Mesmer boxes
-therapeutic notion - magnetic ability |
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-astronomer
-worked with Mesmer |
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Thought Mesmerism was producing an effect on the nervous system - neurohypnology
- this eventually became hypnology
- made it more scientific |
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-made watches
-thought hypnosis required focus
-used watches |
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patient of Quimby
-founded Christian Science |
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-French neuro - clinical neurology
- chief neuro at Salpetriere.
- treatment of hysteria
- stages of hypnosis
-worked with Freud in Vienna |
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| - hysteria patient of Charcot |
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| stages of hypnosis (charcot) |
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1. catalepsy - cant move
2. lethargy - sound asleep but can move
3. somnambulism - sleepwalking |
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- from Vienna
-worked in Brucke's lab
-Jewish
-"On Cocaine"
-psycho sexual stages
- Theories of personality, physics, energy
-Interpretation of Dreams
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-helped freud with psychoanalysis
-"Studies on Hysteria"
- used catharsis - allowed people to just talk |
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-patient of Breuer
-"anna o."
-studies on hysteria was about her
- could not drink water, and other problems
- had feelings for Breuer and was passed on to Freud |
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originally worked with Freud, abandoned psycoanalysis bc it was too sexual.
- defined introversion / extroversion |
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disagreed with Freud
- founded Individual Psyc
- defined inferiority complex |
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