PARC DES BUTTE CHAUMONT

1867     Paris, France

designer: Alphand (engineer)

patron: Emperor Napoléan III, City of Paris

factoid:

- developed as part of the plan to remodel Paris, directed by Baron Haussman

- site of former gypsum quarry mined for construction purposes 

in France and the USA

- opened as part of the festivities of the Universal Exhibition in

1867

- has a grotto (w/ fabricated geology- stalactites)

- rustic (see in se of faux bois- reinforced concrete molded to 

look like tree branches/ roots)

precedents:

- English Landscapes (picturesque and public parks)

- expositions (for the engineering and modern materials)

- Greek/Roman (temple typology- referring to the Belvedere or

tempietto a top the central island

CENTRAL PARK 

1858-1863/ 1865-1868     New York City, NY

designers: Frederick Law Olmsted (landscape architect) and Calvert

Vaux (architect)

patron: New York City Park Commission 

factoids:

- "Greensward Plan"

- expresses concepts of art and social conscience (represented 

in the ideals of democracy/ social justice)

- had "social expressions" like a dairy and ice skating rink

-1 of over 30 designs in the contest 

precedents:

- rustic aesthetics (via A.J. Downing)

- European public parks (especially 2nd Empire Parks and 

Birkenhead Park)

UNION COLLEGE

1813     Schenectady, NY

designer: ?

patron: Joseph-Jacques Ramée

factoids:

- tempietto (building resembling a temple)

- inspired by French landscape design (forecourt, etc.)

- first planned American college campus 

UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA

1819     Charolettesville, VA.

designer: Thomas Jefferson

patron: Jefferson and State of Virginia

factoid:

- Rotunda (library) located at the north end of lawn

- a half scale replica of the Pantheon

- railings show chinoiserie style

- has a quad

- serpentine wall (a single brick, sine curve, wall)

precedent:

- Plato's Academy

-monastic precursor of idealize plan of Monastery at St. Gall 

-Villa Rotunda/ Pantheon

- French Gardens

YUAN MING YUAN

1707     Bejing, China

designer: Castiglione (Jesuit Missionary)

patron: Emperor Qian Long (17th century)

factoid: 

- example of European (Italian) influence on Asia

- building resembles Renaissance structures, in form, w/ 

Chinese deatiling

NAUMKEAG

1926-35     Stockbridge, MA.

designer: Fletcher Steele 

patron: Mabel Choate

factoids:

- Steele worked to integrate many European influences (Paris

1925 exposition)

- sleek, machine-age industrail design

- crossing of different artistic mediums:

- patterns from textile and graphic design

- spatial proportions from architecture

- movement/ framing from photography/ film 

- the "Blue Stair" plays with optical perspective and color

TEA HOUSE AT SANS SOUCI

1754-56     Potsdam, Germany

designer:   of the tea house - Johann Gottfried Büring 

of the landscape - Peter Joseph Lenne 

patron: Freidrich 1st

factoid: 

- "lost in translation"

- a pavilion in the chinoiserie style

precedent:

- scholar gardens of China

- Baroque architecture

- European Pleasure Gardens (especially of Le Notre- Versailles)

THE GREAT PAGODA AT KEW GARDENS

1762     Kew (SW London), England

designer: William Chambers

patron: Augusta, Dowager Princess of Wales

factoid: 

- chinoiserie 

- has 10 octagonal stories

precedents: 

- Chinease/ Japanese scholar gardens

ROSE RESIDENCE 

1953     Ridgewood, NJ.

designer: James Rose

patron: Rose, his mother, and his sister

factoid:

- inside/outside relationship through transparency (literal and 

phenomenological

- good use of space on a small lot

- 3 buildings: main house (for mom), guest house (for sister), and

studio (for himself)

- Japanoiserie (from being station in Okinawa)

- has zen (from studying zen buddhism)

COMMUNITY CENTER

1939     Weslaco, TX.

designer: Garret Eckbo

patron: United States Farm Security Administration

factoid:

- Modernist: exemplifies Eckbo's social agenda and functional 

design

- landscape example of phenomenal transparency 

- overlapping spaces

- analyzed in layers

MILLER RESIDENCE

1955     Columbus, IN.

designer: Eero Saarinen (architect)

      Dan Kiley (landscape architect)

patron: Irwin and Xenia Miller

factoid:

- modernist example of phenomenal transparency

- overlapping spaces and hierarchy 

- organization system (grid and shifting axial lines- pin wheel)

- garden has 3 parts:

- formal/ complex gardens (near the house)

- the grassy meadow

- "forest" by the river

DONNELL GARDEN

1948     Sonoma, CA.

designers: Thomas Church and Lawrence Halprin

patron: Dewey and Linda Donnell

factoid: 

- represents the modern indoor/ outdoor style of California living

- iconic kidney bean shape pool (w/ Adaline Kent sculpture)

- overlooks San Francisco Bay

- reflects Church's traditional training organizational sweep of hedge

- forms the base for the view and connects the pool to the 

house

HESTERCOMBE (EDWARDIAN GARDEN)

1904-1908     Somerset, England

designers: Sir Edwin Lutyens (architect)

        Gertrude Jekyll (landscape architect)

patrons: 

factoids:

- monochromatic plantings of silver-grey slate

- painterly approach to drift plantings

- Jekyll's painterly use of plants with seasonal variation

- Perennial borders

precedents: 

- influenced by impressionist paintings

- knew Monet

UNESCO PEACE GARDEN

1956-1958     Paris, France

designer: Isamu Noguchi

patron: UNESCO

factoid:

- variety and views in a small area

- a "Japanese" garden

- details with various scales (i.e. pavers)

precedents:

- Japanese gardens

- sculpture and the arts

SUTTON PLACE

1980's     Guildford, Surrey, England

designers: Sir Geoffrey and Susan Jellicoe

patron: Stanley Seeger

factoids:

- 4 gardens:

- paradise garden

- moss garden

- music garden

- surrealist garden

- Nicholson Wall sculpture

precendents:

- allegory

- the psyche: Jung and the study of the subconscious becoming

conscious

SOROS RESIDENCE

1980     South Hampton, NY.

designers: A. E. Bye

patron: George Soros

factoids: 

- designed according to Bye's idea of "mood", and with respect 

for the inherent "nature" of the site

- landscape shaped/ molded direct on site with the designer

- uses light as design elements- here as shadows

precedents: 

- contemporary art

- sense of place

TORONTO MUSIC GARDEN

1999     Toronto, Canada

designers: Julie Moir Messervy w/ cellist Yo Yo Ma

patrons: City of Toronto, Canada

factoid:

- located between Marina and high rise housing

- part of the cities 40-acre Harbourfront park system

precedents: 

- designed as an interpretation of Bach's "Suite for 

unaccompanied Cello No. 1 in G Major"

- 6 movements/ 6 parts of the garden:

1. prelude (riverscape with curves and bends)

2. Allemande (forest grove of wandering trails)

3. Courante (swirling path through a wildflower meadow)

4. Sarabande (conifer grove in shape of arc) 

5. Menuette (a formal lower parterre)

6. Gigue (giant grass steps)