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| Belief in Millennium/Satan set lose. People feared the end of the world. Sought religion as an escape from life's difficulties. Industry stopped (people saw no point in going on if it was the end of the world). After it passed, caused a reassessment of lives = creativity sprung. |
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| Those who didn't want to fight for penance"indulgence" - or forgiveness of sins. some who went just wanted adventure. |
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| Burial-site for st. james. most popular pilgimage site. |
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| held in Lateran palace, Rome 1123-1215. tried to combat corruption and to reform practices. Separate church from secular influences. Eliminate king's influence on church positions. |
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| Created a monastic order - "little brothers" or Franciscans. did not own land, but begged - mendicant order. |
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| monastic order: Order of Friars Preachers or Dominicans. intellectually driven. Also, no land, begged. |
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| Sprung from the desire to unite all Christendom. Inquisition (court) established charged with the responsibility of rooting out heresy and dissent. Ensure church authority over doctrines (rather than secular influences). Judge would allow people to confess for a month, but after, others could turn others they knew in. If proven guilty, they would be killed. |
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Later time period (last of 15th century). to expose muslim beliefs. Organized by Fray Tomas Torquemada.
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| First university (muslim) |
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University Curriculum - grammar, rhetoric, logic
(Language , structure and expression of knowledge) Equivalent to Bachelors |
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Arithmetic, geometry, astrology, music (Applied learning.)
Equivalent to Masters |
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| Two types of Universities |
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1. under central authority - church, city, group of professors
2. owned by students; hired professors to teach them. EX: university of bologna. |
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| University section of paris because students who lived there were taught latin. |
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(Monastic Learning method)
instructor would expound on a word or phrase in reading. Could go on for a long time on a small subject. Famous set from Bernard of Clairvaux.
Wrote "Jesus the very thought of you" believed the the proper pursuit of learning was to find God and improve our lives within God's framework for us |
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| there is a basic agreement between philosophy (through logic) and christian theology. Advocates of this use logic and discussion to link philosophy to theology. |
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| dialectic (socratic) method |
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the professor would ask the student a question based on one of their arguments, and the student would respond based on readings or on his own logic.
Summation: Arguments back and forth until they drew a final conclusion |
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| Originator and strongest proponent of early scholasticism. wrote "sic et Non" (yes and no) believed that one could use the scholastic method to understand even godly truths - Heretical idea in church's view. Wrote "Scito te Ipsum" (know thyself) - sin is not the deed itself, but the intention. |
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| student who became romantically involved with Peter abelard. they were secretly married. Her uncle had him castrated. Both entered monasteries. stayed friends. |
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wanted to change from Benedictine (monte Cassino) to dominican. Family didn't approve because they didn't want him living a mendicant life. Prostitute story (pg. 304). year imprisoned by father, used time to memorize the bible.
"I would rather believe that there was a flying cow than that my friends would lie to me." |
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| Great dominican monk and teacher. First thinker to make distinction between knowledge derived from science and from God. Also first to offer a comprehensive interpretation of Aristotle (banned by church). Related Aristotle's views to religious beliefs. Taught Thomas Aquinas about Aristotle. |
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| Written by Thomas Aquinas. Combined Aristotle's thinking with christian doctrine. Church adopted aristotelian principles. Aquinas named doctor of the church (highest intellectual recognition in Catholicism) |
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