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History of Counseling Profession
COU 600
69
Other
Graduate
10/04/2010

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Term

PREHISTORIC

TIMES

Definition

The first counselors were medicine men or Shaman.

 

They used a surgical approach, called trephining to 

deal with mental illness.  They drilled or scraped holes in the skull to allow evil spirits to escape!!

Term

GREEKS

AND ROMANS EXPLANATIONS OF MENTAL ILLNESS

Definition

1) A BIOLOGICAL APPROACH-BEGINNINGS OF MEDICAL EXPLANATION

2) A SOCIETAL ISSUE-FORERUNNER OF LOOKING AT BEHAVIOR PHILOSOPHICALLY

3) ONE'S PERSPECTIVE-BEGINNING OF WELLNESS PERSPECTIVE

Term

THROUGHOUT HISTORY THERE HAS BEEN A DISTINCTION BETWEEN HEALTHY AND UNHEALTHY BEHAVIOR:

HOW WAS DEVIANT BEHAVIOR EXPLAINED?

Definition

DEVIANT BEHAVIOR WAS ATTRIBUTED TO DEVILS, DEMONS, OR OTHER EVIL SPIRITS.

 

DEVIANT BEHAVIOR WAS ALSO ATTRIBUTED TO POOR JUDGMENT AND FAULTY DECISION MAKING.

Term
HOW ARE THE MIDDLE AGES REMEMBERED WITH REGARD TO MENTAL ILLNESS?
Definition

THE MIDDLE AGES ARE REMEMBERED AS ONE OF THE MOST OPPRESSIVE AND INHUMANE OF TIMES.


THOSE WHO WERE DEVELOPMENTALLY CHALLENGED WERE LABELED AS IDIOTS.


MANY EXORCISMS WERE PERFORMED FOR THOSE WHO DISAGREED WITH CATHOLIC CHURCH.

Term
HOW WAS AN INSANE PERSON DEFINED IN THE 15TH/16TH CENTURY?
Definition
AN INSANE PERSON WAS DEFINED AS SOMEONE WHOSE BEHAVIOR WAS SO PATHOLOGICAL THAT THEY HAD TO BE SEGREGATED INTO SPECIAL INSTITUTIONS.
Term
IN WHAT CENTURY WERE MENTAL HOSPITALS, CALLED INSANE ASYLUMS, DEVELOPED?
Definition

THE 16TH CENTURY.

BLOOD LETTING WAS USED FREQUENTLY FOR VIOLENT PATIENTS.

USE OF THE WHIRLY CHAIR ALSO TOOK PLACE.

Term
IN WHAT CENTURY DID TREATMENT OF THE MENTALLY ILL BEGIN TO BECOME MORE HUMANE?
Definition
17TH CENTURY
Term
FIRST MAJOR REVOLUTION IN MENTAL HEALTH CARE?
Definition

STARTED BY PHILLIP PINEL WHEN HE REMOVED CHAINS OF PATIENTS, CLOTHED THEM, TREATED THEM AS HUMANS.  HE BELIEVED IN MORAL TREATMENT.


Term
FOUNDING FATHER OF MODERN PSYCHIATRY
Definition

PHILLIP

PINEL

Term
DURING WHAT TIME PERIOD WAS CONTAINMENT OF THE MENTALLY ILL SEEN AS THE BEST TREATMENT OPTION/ACCEPTABLE GOAL BY THE HEALTHY MEMBERS OF SOCIETY?
Definition
BEFORE THE 20TH CENTURY
Term
WHEN DID SOCIETY BEGIN CHANGING ITS VIEWS ON MENTAL ILLNESS?
Definition
19th and EARLY 20TH CENTURIES
Term
BENJAMIN RUSH
Definition
  • PERSON MOST RESPONSIBLE FOR EARLY MORAL TREATMENT IN U.S.
  • BELIEVED PEOPLE COULD CONTROL THEIR MINDS
  • STILL USED RESTRAINTS, TRANQUILIZER CHAIR
  • FATHER OF AMERICAN PSYCHIATRY
  • FIRST TO BELIEVE THAT MENTAL ILLNESS WAS A DISEASE OF THE MIND, NOT DEMON POSSESSION.
Term

WILLIAM TUKE

Definition

  • MORAL KINDNESS MOVEMENT
  • ENGLISH BUSINESSMAN AND PHILANTHROPIST WHO WAS INSTRUMENTAL IN DEVELOPMENT OF MORE HUMANE TREATMENT METHODS OF THOSE WITH MENTAL DISORDERS
  • A QUAKER, HE TOOK THE LEAD IN QUAKER EFFORTS TO DEVELOP MORE HUMANE ALTERNATIVES
  • OPENED THE YORK RETREAT WHICH BECOME KNOWN AROUND THE WORLD AS MORE HUMANE APPROACH THAT UTILIZED PSYCHOLOGICALLY BASED APPROACHES

Term
IN WHAT TIME PERIOD DID PEOPLE BEGIN TO THINK THAT ENVIRONMENT MAY EFFECT HEALTH RATHER THAN SOLEY INTRAPSYCHIC DISORDERS?
Definition
19TH AND EARLY 20TH CENTURIES
Term
WHO WAS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE 2ND REVOLUTION IN MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT?
Definition

  • SIGMUND FREUD
  • REJECTED MEDICAL TREATMENT OF MENTAL DISORDERS
  • DEVELOPED TALKING TREATMENT

Term

DEVELOPED FIRST CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM FOR MENTAL ILLNESS?

(FORERUNNER OF DSM IV-TR)

Definition
EMIL KRAEPELIN
Term

WHO FOUNDED EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY AND THE FIRST EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY LAB?

IT WAS BROUGHT TO AMERICA BY WILLIAM JAMES

 

 

ROOTS OF PSYCHOLOGY

Definition
WILLIAM WUNDT
Term

PSYCHOLOGY AROSE AS AN __________ FIELD TO ADDRESS QUESTIONS RELATED TO THE INVESTIGATION OF THE _________

AND _________ BY APPLYING THE METHODS OF SCIENCE.

Definition

ACADEMIC

MIND 

BEHAVIOR

Term
IN WHAT YEAR DID PSYCHOLOGISTS FOCUS SWITCH TO TESTING?
Definition
IN 1906, PSYCHOLOGISTS BEGAN FOCUSING ON HUMAN MENTAL AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT
Term
WHEN WAS THE FIRST USE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL SKILLS TO TREAT SOCIAL PROBLEMS?
Definition
1908-THIS WAS THE BEGINNINGS OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY
Term
SOCIAL REFORM ADVOCATE
Definition

DORTHEA DIX

  •  
    • foremost advocate for the humane care of the mentally ill during the 19th century. Her efforts are credited with the establishment of 32 state mental hospitals throughout the United States.

 

Term

FOUNDER OF HULL HOUSE

Definition

  • JANE ADDAMS
  • FIRST AMERICAN WOMAN TO WIN NOBEL PEACE PRIZE
  • WORKED WITH IMMIGRANTS, POOR, DESTITUE


Term

BIRTH OF COUNSELING


WHAT 3 EVENTS WITHIN 3 YEARS LED TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF COUNSELING??

Definition

  1. SYSTEMIZED GUIDANCE SET UP IN SCHOOLS BY JESSE B. DAVIS
  2. AMERICAN MENTAL HYGIENE MOVEMENT FOUNDED BY CLIFFORD BEER, A FORMER MENTAL INSTITUTION PATIENT
  3. FATHER OF GUIDANCE MOVEMENT, FRANK PARSON, STARTED WORKING WITH YOUNG PEOPLE IN CHOOSING PROFESSION

Term

4 IMPORTANT EVENTS OF 1910

 

THINK GUIDANCE....

Definition

  1. First city wide school guidance program
  2. First university level course in school guidance
  3. NVGA (National Vocational Guidance Association) was the FIRST NATIONAL ORGANIZATION IN COUNSELING! Journal of Counseling and Development
  4. Birth of the testing movement (Stanford Binet developed in 1906, army developed Army Alpha and Army Beta to classify recruits.

Term
IN WHAT DECADE DID CHILD GUIDANCE CENTERS BEGIN MOVING OUT OF SCHOOLS?
Definition

1920S

BECAUSE OF THE MOVE OUT OF SCHOOLS NONSCHOOL GUIDANCE CENTERS BEGAN

Term
IN WHAT DECADE WAS THE STRONG VOCATIONAL INTEREST INVENTORY PUBLISHED?
Definition
1920S
Term
THE FIRST MARRIAGE AND FAMILY COUNSELING CENTER WAS ESTABLISHED IN WHAT DECADE?
Definition
1920S
Term
AA WAS DEVELOPED AND STARTED THE FIRST SELF HELP MOVEMENT WHEN?
Definition
1920S
Term
IN THE 1920S, WHO WAS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PSYCHODRAMA?
Definition
JACOB MORENO
Term
IN THE 1930S WHO DEVELOPED THE FIRST COUNSELING THEORY?
Definition

E.G. WILLIAMSON

THE THEORY WAS VERY DIRECTIVE AND COUNSELOR CENTERED.

Term
WHY DID THE BROADENING OF COUNSELING TAKE PLACE IN THE 1930S?
Definition
IT MOVED BEYOND OCCUPATIONAL CONCERNS BECAUSE PEOPLE WERE DEALING WITH DEPRESSION AND SUICIDE AND THIS WAS FINALLY RECOGNIZED.
Term
HOW DID WWII EFFECT THE COUNSELING PROFESSION?
Definition

  • THE ARMY'S TESTING OF RECRUITS LED TO THE DISCOVERY THAT 1 MILLION MEN WERE REJECTED DUE TO MENTAL ILLNESS
  • THOSE RETURNING FROM WAR DEALING WITH SHELL SHOCK (PTSD)
  • VA BEGAN PUTTING MONEY INTO TRAINING/INTERNSHIPS ONLY GIVEN TO PHDS
  • WOMEN ALSO RETURNED TO WORK SO VOCATIONAL COUNSELING HAD TO BE REASSESSED.

Term
IN THE 1940S WHO BEGAN TALKING ABOUT THE COUNSELING RELATIONSHIP?
Definition
CARL ROGERS
Term
WHEN WAS THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN PSYCHOLOGISTS AND COUNSELORS ESTABLISHED?
Definition
1940S
Term
WHEN WAS THE ACA ESTABLISHED AND WHAT WAS ITS ORIGINAL NAME?
Definition

1952

 

AMERICAN PERSONNEL AND GUIDANCE ASSOCIATION (APGA)

Term
EXPLAIN THE TIMING OF THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE NDEA ACT IN THE 1950S AND ITS EFFECT ON THE COUNSELING PROFESSION.
Definition

  • SPUTNIK WAS LAUNCHED
  • NDEA WAS ESTABLISHED TO ID STRONG MATH AND SCIENCE STUDENTS, THUS THE BIRTH OF SCHOOL COUNSELING

Term
WHEN DID THE ASCA (AMERICAN SCHOOL COUNSELORS ASSOCIATION) JOIN APGA?
Definition
1950S
Term
WHAT LED TO THE INTRODUCTION OF NEW GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING THEORIES IN THE 1950S?
Definition
FRANKL AND OTHERS CAME TO AMERICA
Term
THE INTRODUCTION OF PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY HAPPENED IN WHAT DECADE?
Definition
1950S
Term

WHEN DID WE BEGIN TO SEE THE GROWTH OF GROUP COUNSELING MOVEMENT?

 

Think Free Love with lots of partners...:)

Definition
1960s
Term
WHAT WAS THE IMPORTANCE OF THE COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH CENTERS ACT OF 1963?
Definition

  • BEGINNING OF DEINSTITUTIONALIZATION
  • OPENING OF COMMUNITY CENTERS PROVIDING MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT

Term
WHAT BOOK, WRITTEN BY GILBERT WREN IN THE 60S, STARTED THE TALKING ABOUT DEVELOPMENTAL ISSUES?
Definition
THE COUNSELOR IN A CHANGING WORLD
Term
BEHAVIORAL THEORIES BEGAN TO EMERGE IN THE 60S WHICH LED TO WHAT TYPE OF TREATMENT?
Definition
EMPIRICALLY BASED
Term

APGA PUBLISHED ITS FIRST CODE OF ETHICS WHEN?

 

HINT.....DECADE AFTER APGA CAME INTO EXISTENCE...

Definition
1960S
Term
RISE IN COUNSELOR EDUCATION PROGRAMS BEGAN IN THE.....
Definition
1970S-WE WERE BABIES.
Term

FORMATION OF THE AMCHA WITHIN APGA....TELL ME WHEN, PLEASE...

 

HINT...20 YEARS AFTER FORMATION OF APGA

Definition
YUP...THE 70S
Term
WHY DID COMMUNITY COUNSELING PROGRAMS BEGIN DEVELOPING IN THE 1970S?
Definition
BECAUSE THERE WERE TOO DAMN MANY SCHOOL COUNSELORS...PROFESSION WAS FLOODED, SO THE TERM COMMUNITY COUNSELOR EMERGED.
Term

WHAT NASTY MOVE ON PSYCHOLOGISTS PART LED TO THE FIRST COUNSELOR LICENSURE 

LAW IN 1976?

Definition
GRADUATES FROM COUNSELOR ED PROGRAMS WERE BARRED BY PSYCHOLOGIST LICENSURE BOARDS
Term
WHAT ORGANIZATION DEVELOPED GUIDELINES FOR COUNSELING DOCTORAL PROGRAMS BACK IN THE GROOVY 1970S?
Definition

ACES

ASSOCIATION FOR COUNSELOR EDUCATION AND SUPERVISION

Term
WHAT IS CACREP?
Definition

CACREP IS AN ACCREDITING ORGANIZATION FOUNDED IN 1981 BY THE ACA TO DEVELOP, IMPLEMENT, AND MAINTAIN STANDARDS OF PREP FOR GRAD LEVEL COUNSELING PROGRAMS. ADVANTAGEOUS WITH LICENSURE BOARDS


COUNCIL FOR THE ACCREDITATION OF COUNSELING AND RELATED EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS

Term

WHAT IS C Σ I?

 

CHI SIGMA IOTA FOR US NON GREEK SPEAKERS

Definition

INTERNATIONAL HONOR SOCIETY THAT VALUES ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL EXCELLENCE IN COUNSELING

 

3.5 GPA REQUIRED

Term
APGA WENT SCHIZO IN THE 80S AND CHANGED THEIR NAME TO....
Definition

AACD

AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR COUNSELING AND DEVELOPMENT

 

oh my geezl...pick a name and stick with it.

Term

WHEN DID COUNSELING BECOME A DISTINCT PROFESSION?

 

THINK BIG HAIR, FLASHDANCE, TRANS AMS...

Definition

YUP...THE 80S

 

BEFORE THIS COUNSELING WAS AN ACTIVITY THAT THERAPEUTIC PROFESSIONALS DID...NOT A SEPARATE PROFESSION.

Term
WHAT EVENT OF THE 80S SOUGHT TO BLOCK FUNDING/REIMBURSEMENTS FOR COUNSELORS?
Definition

LOBBYING OF THE JOINT COMMISSION ON INTERPROFESSIONAL AFFAIRS...


Psychologists, Psychiatrists, Psychiatric Nurses and Social Workers are not playing nice and want all the big dollars for themselves....


SELFISH BASTARDS!

Term

HERE WE GO AGAIN...

APGA CHANGED TO AACD IN THE 80S...

 


WHEN DID AACD CHANGE NAME AND TO WHAT??

Definition

THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF COUNSELOR DEVELOPMENT CHANGED THEIR NAME TO THE AMERICAN COUNSELING ASSOCIATION IN 1992!!!

19 DIVISIONS

BUILT ON DEVELOPMENTAL PERSPECTIVE

FOCUS ON MENTAL HEALTH

 

Yea for them....its been almost 20 years and they've stuck with a name.

Term

WHEN DID THE TOPICS OF DIVERSITY, MULTICULTURALISM, AND SPIRITUALITY BEGAN TO BE STRESSED/ADDRESSED?

 

 

HINT...DECADE IN WHICH WE GAVE BIRTH...

Definition

1990S:)

 

 

So.....we had babies and began to need more spirituality....

As far as personal connection to diversity/multiculturalism...I think this is when I began dating Denzel....or tried to anyway.

Term
IN 1992, WHAT SCIENTIFIC ORGANIZATION RECOGNIZED COMMUNITY AND MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELORS IN THE HEALTH CARE HUMAN RESOURCE STATISTICS?
Definition

NIMH

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH

 

RESEARCH ORGANIZATION DEVOTED TO STUDY OF MENTAL ILLNESS...GREAT WEB SITE...

NIMH · Home

Term
IN THIS DECADE OF TIDE TURNING EVENTS OF THE PROFESSION....MORE COUNSELORS BECAME PROVIDERS ON MANAGED CARE PLANS...
Definition
1990S!!
Term
HAPPY 50TH ANNIVERSARY ACA!!
Definition
2002
Term
LAW ENACTED IN THE 2000s THAT RECOGNIZED COUNSELORS AND MENTAL HEALTH SPECIALISTS WITHIN WHAT HEALTH CARE SYSTEM?
Definition
VETERANS AFFAIRS
Term
ALL 50 STATES HAD LICENSURE LAWS IN WHAT DECADE?
Definition

2000s

 

We were waiting on the Californians....last ones in.

Term

What is the new consensus definition of counseling?

 

2000s

Definition

COUNSELING IS A PROFESSIONAL RELATIONSHIP


THAT EMPOWERS DIVERSE INDIVIDUALS, FAMILIES AND GROUPS


TO ACCOMPLISH MENTAL HEALTH, WELLNESS, EDUCATION, AND CAREER GOALS

HAD TO BREAK IT DOWN TO HELP ME REMEMBER IT...

 


Term

3 WAYS WE DIFFER FROM PSYCHOLOGISTS...

 

 

BESIDES THE MONEY...

Definition

PSYCHOLOGISTS REQUIRE PHD OR PSYD FOR LICENSURE

 

PSYCHOLOGISTS FOCUSED MORE ON PATHOLOGY

 

SOME OF TRAINING IS IN AN INPATIENT SETTING

Term
WHAT IS THE MAJOR DIFFERENCE IN COUNSELING AND SOCIAL WORK?
Definition
SOCIAL WORK IS MUCH MORE HEAVILY FOCUSED ON IDENTIFYING SYSTEMIC BARRIERS TO CLIENT SUCCESS AS WELL AS FINDING AND ACCESSING RESOURCES THAT WILL HELP CLIENT'S OVERCOME THOSE BARRIERS
Term

WHAT ARE TWO AREAS IN WHICH COUNSELORS 

HAVE RECENTLY BEEN CHALLENGED?

Definition

  1. TESTING-PSYCHOLOGISTS SAY THEY OWN THE WORD "TEST."  WE ARE BANNED FROM SOME TESTS, MUST USE THE WORD APPRAISAL OR ASSESSMENT.  OH REQUIRES A SECOND COURSE IN ASSESSMENT AND NKU OFFERS/REQUIRES A SECOND COURSE AS WELL.
  2. DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF MENTAL DISORDERS

Term
WHAT ARE THREE PHILOSOPHICAL UNDERPINNINGS OF THE COUNSELING PROFESSION?
Definition

  1. WELLNESS PERSPECTIVE-GOAL IS NOT TO RID CLIENT OF PROBLEMATIC SYMPTOMS BUT TO STRIVE FOR OPTIMAL FUNCTIONING AND MENTAL HEALTH, PREFERS PREVENTION OR EARLY INTERVENTION
  2. DEVELOPMENTAL PERSPECTIVE-PROBLEMS ARE VIEWED AS NORMAL RESPONSES TO ABNORMAL EVENTS.
  3. EMPOWERMENT-ENCOURAGING AND FOSTERING INDEPENDENCE OF THE CLIENT FROM THE HELPING RELATIONSHIP; WILL SEE MORE OF THIS AS WE TALK ABOUT SOCIAL JUSTICE

Term

THE WORD COUNSELING ACTUALLY DESCRIBES MANY DIFFERENT ACTIVITIES A COUNSELOR DOES.  ALTHOUGH IT IS ALWAYS AN INTERPERSONAL PROCESS, THE COUNSELING PROCESS MAY VARY DEPENDING ON CLIENT SITUATION......

WHAT ARE 5 PROCESSES THAT MAY BE USED?

Definition

  1. FACILITATIVE-HEALTHY GROWTH
  2. PREVENTIVE
  3. REMEDIAL
  4. REHABILITATIVE-TAKE WHAT I HAVE LEFT AND HELP ME LIVE SUCCESSFULLY
  5. ENHANCING-WORRIED WELL POPULATION

Term

LIST, YES...I SAID LIST... AS MANY AS YOU CAN...

 

SERVICES OFFERED BY A MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELOR

Definition

  • Assessment and Diagnosis
  • Psychotherapy
  • Treatment Planning and Utilization Review
  • Brief and Solution Focused Therapy
  • Alcoholism and Substance Abuse Treatment-specialty alcoholism track as of 2009
  • Psychoeducational and Prevention Programs
  • Crisis Management

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