Term
|
Definition
Title : Hall of Bulls, Lascaux Cave, France
Date : c. 15,000 BCE
Lecture: Prehistoric
Culture: Paleolithic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Woman from Wellindorf, (Limestone), Austria
Date : c. 25,000 BCE
Lecture: Prehistoric
Culture: Paleolithic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Painted Beaker (Animals), Susa, Iran
Date : c. 5000 BCE
Lecture: Prehistoric
Culture: Neolithic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Bird-headed Man with Bison
Lascaux Cave, France
Date : c.15000 BCE
Lecture: Prehistoric
Culture: Paleolithic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Stonehenge, (megalithic stone), England
Date : c. 2,500 BCE
Lecture: Prehistoric
Culture: Neolithic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Palette of King Narmer (slate)
Date : c. 5000 BCE
Lecture: Egypt
Culture: The Predynastic Period |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Step Pyramid of King Djoser, Saqqara (limestone)
Artist : Ihmotep
Date : c. 2500 BCE
Culture: Old Kingdom (3rd Dynasty)
Lecture: Egypt |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : The Great Pyramids, Giza ( (granite & limestone)
Date : c. 2500 BCE
Lecture : Egypt
Culture : Old Kingdom, 4th Dynasty |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Sculpture of Khafre (aka Cheops) (diorite)
Date : c. 2500 BCE
Lecture : Egypt
Culture : Old Kingdom 4th Dynasty |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Sculpture of Menkaure (aka Mycerinus) and his Wife (Khamerernebty II), (slate)
Date : c 2500 BCE
Lecture : Egypt
Culture : Old Kingdom, 4th Dynasty |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Sculpture of Prince Rahotep and his Wife Nofret (painted limestone)
Date : c. 2500 BCE
Lecture : Egypt
Culture : Old Kingdom 4th Dynasty |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Sculpture of Seated Scribe, Saqqara (painted limestone)
Date : c. 2500 BCE
Lecture : Egypt
Culture : Old Kingdom, 4th Dynasty |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Head of Senusret III (yellow quartzite)
Date : c 1975 BCE
Lecture : Egypt
Culture : Middle Kingdom, 12th Dynasty |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Rock-cut Tombs at Beni Hasan
Date : c. 1975 BCE
Lecture : Egypt
Culture : Middle Kingdom 12th Dynasty |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Temple of Hatshepsut, Deir el-Bahri
Date : c. 1550 BCE
Lecture : Egypt
Culture : New Kingdom, 18th Dynasty |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Sculpture of Akhenaten, (limestone)
Date : c 1550 BCE
Lecture : Egypt
Culture : New Kingdom, 18th Dynasty, AMARNA PERIOD |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Akhenaten and his Family, (limestone relief)
Date : c. 1550 BCE
Lecture : Egypt
Culture : New Kingdom, 18th Dynasty, AMARNA PERIOD |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Sculpture of Queen Nefertiti, ( (painted limestone)
Date : c 1550 BCE
Lecture : Egypt
Culture : New Kingdom, 18th Dynasty, AMARNA PERIOD |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Funerary Mask of King Tutankhamen, ( (gold and precious metals)
Date : c. 1550
Lecture : Egypt
Culture : New Kingdom, 18th Dynasty |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Judgement of Hunefer before Osiris, ( (painted papyrus)
Date : c 1550 BCE
Lecture : Egypt
Culture : New Kingdom, 19th Dynasty |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Temple of Rameses II
Date : c. 1550 BCE
Lecture : Egypt
Culture : New Kingdom, 19th Dynasty |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Statues from the Abu Temple, ( (limestone, alabaster, gypsum)
Date : c. 3300 BCE
Lecture : Mesopotamia
Culture : Sumer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Great Ziggurat at Ur
Date : c. 2100 BCE
Lecture : Mesopotamia
Culture : Sumer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Seated Statue of Gudea, (diorite)
Date : c. 2100 BCE
Lecture : Mesopotamia
Culture : Neo-Sumerian |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Stele of King Naram-Sin, (limestone)
Date : c. 2300 BCE
Lecture : Mesopotamia
Culture : Akkad |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Head of an Akkadian Ruler, (bronze)
Date : c. 2300 BCE
Lecture : Mesopotamia
Culture : Akkad |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Stele with the Law Code of Hammurabi,
( (diorite) (Iran)
Date : c. 1760 BCE
Lecture : Mesopotamia
Culture : Babylon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Ashurnasirpal II Hunting Lions, ( (alabaster relief)
Date : c. 645 BCE
Lecture : Mesopotamia
Culture : Assyria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Guardian from the Palace of King Sargon II, ((alabaster)
Date : c. 720 BCE
Lecture : Mesopotamia
Culture : Assyria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Darius I and Xerxes Receiving Tribute, ((limestone relief)
Artist : Persepolis
Date : c. 490 BCE
Lecture : Mesopotamia
Culture : Persia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Seated Harp Player, (marble)
Date : c. 2500 BCE
Lecture : The Aegean
Culture : Cycladic (Crete) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : The “Palace” Complex at Knossos, Crete
Date : c. 1,800 BCE
Lecture : The Aegean
Culture : Minoan |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Kamares Ware Jug, Phaistos, (ceramic)
Date : c. 1800 BCE
Lecture : The Aegean
Culture : Minoan |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Harvester Vase, (steatite)
Date : c. 1450
Lecture : The Aegean
Culture : Minoan |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : The Toreador Fresco, (wall painting), (Knossos)
Date : c. 1800 BCE
Lecture : The Aegean
Culture : Minoan |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Spring Fresco, (wall painting), (Thera)
Date : 1800 BCE
Lecture : The Aegean
Culture : Minoan |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Citadel at Mycenae, (Greece)
Date : c. 1800 BCE
Lecture : The Aegean
Culture : Mycenean |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : The Lion Gate, (limestone relief)
Date : c. 1250 BCE
Lecture : The Aegean
Culture : Mycenean |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : “Mask of Agamemnon,” (funerary mask), (gold)
Date : c. 1500 BCE
Lecture : The Aegean
Culture : Mycenean |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Title : Vaphio Cup, (gold)
Date : c. 1500 BCE
Lecture : The Aegean
Culture : Mycenean |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The Old Stone Age, usually divided into Lower, Middle, and Upper (35,000 BCE). A society of nomadic hunters who used stone implements, later developing ones of bone and flint. Some lived in caves, which they decorated during the latter stages of the age, at which time they also produced small carvings in bone, horn, and stone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| from the Greek mega, meaning ‘big,’ and lithos, meaning ‘stone.’ A huge stone such as those used in cromlechs and dolmens. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The New Stone Age, thought to have begun ca. 9000-8000 BCE. The first society to live in settled communities, to domesticate animals, and to cultivate crops, it saw the beginning of many new skills, such as spinning, weaving, and building |
|
|
Term
| post-and-lintel construction |
|
Definition
| A basic system of construction in which two or more uprights, the posts, support a horizontal member, the lintel. The lintel may be the topmost element or support of a wall or roof. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A style of art that aims to depict the natural world as it appears. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The projection of one course, or horizontal row, of a building material beyond the course below it. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| base material on which images can be painted |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blended colored powders, which consisted of cave water, saliva, egg white, vegetal or animal fat or blood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| positive images are filled in with detail and color, whereas negative images only contain the outline of the image |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An ancient Egyptian tomb, rectangular in shape, with sloping sides and a flat roof. It covered a chapel for offerings and a shaft to the burial chamber. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Greek for ’city of the dead’. A burial ground or cemetery. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| From the Greek word for ’standing block’. An upright stone slab or pillar, sometimes with a carved design or inscription. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The Egyptian word for ‘royal life force’ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an ancient Egyptian tomb structure that served as a chamber for the Ka statue of a deceased individual |
|
|
Term
| uraeus / nemes / false beard |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An artistic technique in which the importance of figures is indicated by size, so that the most important figure is depicted as the largest. |
|
|
Term
| frontalism / twisted perspective |
|
Definition
| an artistic technique where a painted subject’s body faces forward, but his head is turned to the side, with the eye on the viewer’s side being fully visible. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a Ptolemaic era stele with carved text made up of three translations of a single passage: two in Egyptian language scripts (hieroglyphic and Demotic) and one in classical Greek |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an oblong enclosure with a horizontal line at one end, indicating that the text enclosed is a royal name |
|
|
Term
| hieroglyphs / hieratic / demotic |
|
Definition
| a symbol, often based on a figure, animal, or object, standing for a word, syllable, or sound. |
|
|
Term
| First Intermediate Period |
|
Definition
| A span of 300 years after the end of The Old Kingdom. |
|
|
Term
| Second Intermediate Period |
|
Definition
| marks a period when Ancient Egypt once again fell into disarray between the end of the Middle Kingdom |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| British archeologist that discovered Tutankhamen’s tomb in 1922 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| funerary figurines were placed in tombs among the grave goods and were intended to act as substitutes for the deceased, should he/she be called upon to do manual labor in the afterlife |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the Greek name for a city in Ancient Egypt located about 800 km south of the Mediterranean, on the east bank of the river Nile |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An Egyptian god, part of the Thebian divine triad which consisted of Amun, his consort Mut, and their son Khons |
|
|
Term
| bud capital / flower capital |
|
Definition
| the top decorative portion of a column in Egyptian architecture that resembled papyrus blossoms while the column represented the stem |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A hall whose roof is supported by columns |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A monotheistic god who’s first proponent was Amenhotep IV, who changed his name to Akhenaten: ‘beneficial to Aten’; and also founded a new city ‘Akhetaten’: ‘horizon of Aten’ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the style in which sculptures of Akhenaten and his family where the depictions of the subjects had exaggerated features |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A technique of painting with pigments dissolved in hot wax |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the wedge-shaped characters made in clay by the ancient Mesopotamians as a writing system. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| From the Assyrian word ziqquratu, meaning ‘mountaintop’ or ‘height’. In ancient Assyria and Babylonia, a pyramidal mound or tower built of mud-brick forming the base for a temple. It was often either stepped or had a broad ascent winding around it, which gave it the appearance of being stepped. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| from the Latin word ‘stilus’, the writing instrument of the Romans. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A horizontal band containing decoration, such as a relief sculpture or a fresco painting. When multiple horizontal layers are used, registers are useful in distinguishing between different planes and different time periods in visual narration. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an ideogram that conveys its meaning through its pictorial resemblance to a physical object |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the depicting of images in art in order to convey certain meanings |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A shadowlike photograph made without a camera by placing objects on light0sensitive paper and exposing them to a light source. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| From the Greek word for ‘standing block.’ An upright stone slab or pillarm sometimes with a carved design or inscription. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cylindrical objects usually made of stone, with a hole running through the center from end to end, and designs carved into the curved surface of the seal would leave impressions on clay as they were rolled |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An ancient Near Eastern guardian of a palace,; often shown in sculpture as a human-headed bull or lion with wings. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One of the earliest written epics (c. 2150 BCE) , which was written in cuneiform, about the king Uruk, who first battles, then befriends the wild man Enkidu. When his friend dies, Gilgamesh goes in search of a way to defeat death, but instead returns to Uruk, accepting his own mortality. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| British archaeologist that excavated the Palace of Minos at Knossos and was knighted as a result of his discovery in 1911 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| From the Greek word for ‘large.’ The central audience hall in a Minoan or Mycenaean palace or home. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| German archeologist that was fascinated by Homer’s world of gods and heroes, and excavated Hissarlik, Turkey in 1871 finding Troy and Mycenae |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| type of burial structure formed from a deep and narrow shaft sunk into natural rock |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Author of epic tales, such as the Iliad and the Odyssey, of the Trojan War and its aftermath |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A Greek vessel, of assorted shapes, in which wine and water are mixed. |
|
|
Term
| King Minos / Minotaur / Theseus |
|
Definition
After he ascended the throne of Crete, Minos struggled with his brothers for the right to rule. Minos prayed to Poseidon to send him a snow-white bull, as a sign of approval. He was to sacrifice the bull in honor of Poseidon but decided to keep it instead because of its beauty. To punish Minos, Poseidon caused Pasiphaë, Minos' wife, to fall madly in love with the bull from the sea, the Cretan Bull. Which spawned the Minotaur. Minos, after getting advice from the Oracle at Delphi, had Daedalus construct a gigantic labyrinth to hold the Minotaur.
Theseus was the slayer of the Athenian-child-eating Minotaur. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Gold beaten into very thin sheets or ‘leaves’ and applied to illuminated manuscripts and panel paintings, to sculpture , or to the back of the glass tesserae used in mosaics. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| home of the Minotaur used to keep it trapped |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fine ornamental figural scene designs that were imprinted with metals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Italian word for ‘fresh’. Fresco is the technique of painting on plaster with pigments ground in water so that the paint is absorbed by the plaster and becomes part of the wall itself. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An ancient drinking or pouring vessel made from pottery, metal, or stone, and sometimes designed in a human or animal form. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Masonry with large, unhewn stones, thought by the Greeks to have been built by the Cyclopes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| linear script used in ancient Crete before Mycenaean Greek |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| script that was used for writing Mycenaean Greek, an early form of Greek |
|
|
Term
| Jean Francois Champollion |
|
Definition
|
|
