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| Collection of data and comparison of species |
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| classes, orders, genera and species |
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| Arrangements of plants within the gardens |
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| by type, by locale, by ecotome, for purposes of study and comparison, education |
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| Carl von Linné (Swedish botanist). Published Systema Naturae (1735) |
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(as at Leyden – a garden to study plants) |
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Ancient Greece and Rome, type of herb garden with medicinal plants |
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| houses trees and woody shrubs |
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| address collections that reflect particular ecotomes |
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| Glasshouse Also known as a green house. One in Kew botanic gardens |
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| Royal Botanical gardens, England. Contains glasshouse. |
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| Botanic garden of Padua (Padova) 1545, oldest botanical garden |
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| Arnold Arboretum Boston (recognize the plan) – Founded by Olmsted and Sargent 1872 |
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| Botanic Garden Bordeaux (1999-2000) by Jourda Architects and Kathryn Gustafson, Botanical garden and greenhouses. Client: town of Bordeaux with Catherine Mosbach Paysagistes |
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| (American horticulturist, plant explorer. Boston – Arnold Arboretum) |
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Notion of lost in translation
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| the tendency of ideas to lose inherent or original meaning as they find formal and stylistic credence in other cultures, and then the corollary meaning newly assigned to the element or style or approach. |
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source often cited as from the Yellow Mountains, or simulating this setting
borrowed scenery (visual airway) |
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the 17th century Yuan Ming Yuan (Garden of Perfect Clarity)
Beijing, China ruled from 1735-1795 |
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(est’d 1533 in Italy) notably Guiseppe Castiglione
(Milanese, 1688-1766) |
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| He traveled to China and was welcomed into the court of Emperor Qian Long . Castiglione’s Chinese name = Lang Shih-ning |
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| (1723-1796) England – Designs of Chinese Buildings, Furniture, Dresses, Machines, and Utensils (1757); A Dissertation on Oriental Gardening (1772) |
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| (near Berlin) Germany (begun 1715 for Friedrich 1st ); additions and various renovations 1826‑1860; 1902‑1908. |
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Germany designed by Johann Gottfried Büring (1754-56) |
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| (1789-1866) the designer who laid out the grounds of Sans Souci. |
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| near Stockholm, Sweden (1680‑1700) Designed by Tessin the Younger for Dowager Queen Hedvig Eleanora. Restorations begun 1961. Drawings (watercolours) by F. M. Piper |
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Monticello and the University of Virginia (use of chinoiserie and his
reference to pattern books) |
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| Abby Aldrich Rockefellor Garden, Seal Harbor, ME (ca, 1926) |
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outdoor garden dedicated to the presentation of sculpture |
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Modular - as in a building unit or fabrication element such as pavers – see works by Rose |
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| Zen is a school of buddhism |
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| Ridgewood, NJ – begun 1954 for James Rose, his sister and his mother |
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| UNESCO “Garden of Peace” Paris, France by Isamu Noguchi (1958) for the United Nations Educational and Scientific Organization [UNESCO |
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