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| A person's perspective or opinion; unsubstantiated personal opinions; personal presentation of events |
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| Undistorted by emotion or personal bias; based on observable phenomena; knowledge and fact-based |
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| The act or process of identifying or determining the nature and cause of disease or injury through evaluation of patient history, examination and review of laboratory data |
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| What the practitioner will do to treat a patient, over a period of time, for a specific condition |
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| Parts of a Subjective Medical History |
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| Chief complaint; history of present illness; past medical and surgical history; family, sexual and social history; medications; allergies; immunizations and health maintenance |
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| A clear and concise statement of the patient's main reason for seeking care; should be in patients own words |
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| What do you use OLD CARTS for? |
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| History of the Present Illness |
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| OLD CARTS: What does "O" mean? |
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| Aggravating/alleviating factors |
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| What part of the SOAP is the ROS in? |
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| What are the therapeutic core qualities? |
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Definition
| Respect, Genuineness, Empathy |
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| Which model of patient care incorporates the biological, psychological and social components of the patient? |
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Definition
| Biopsychosocial Model (BPS) |
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| Which model of patient care only incorporates the disease the patient is experiencing? |
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| Which model of interview encourages the patient to express what's important to them and lets them "vent"? |
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Definition
| Patient-centered Interviewing |
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| Which model of interviewing is where the clinician takes charge to acquire specific details and uses close-ended questions? |
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| Clinician-centered interviewing |
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| Which model of interviewing uses a combination of patients expressing their feelings while the clinician directs and guides the direction of the interview? This starts broad and then narrows in on the diagnosis. |
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| Medicine used in conjunction with conventional medicine such as using aromatherapy to lessen discomfort post op |
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| Medicine used in place of conventional medicine such as using a special diet to treat cancer instead of chemo |
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| Combines mainstream medical therapies and CAM therapies for which there is some high-quality scientific evidence of safety and effectiveness |
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| What are the three most commonly treated diseases/conditions treated with CAM? |
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Definition
| Back, neck and joint pain |
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| Four most common CAM therapies |
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Definition
| Herbs/vitamins, deep breathing, meditation, chiropractic |
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| This category of CAM uses a variety of techniques designed to enhance the mind's capacity to affect bodily function and symptoms (meditation, prayer etc) |
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| This category of CAM is based on manipulaton and movement of one or more parts of the body (ie chiropractic, massage) |
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| Manipulative and Body-Based Methods |
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| This category of CAM involves the use of energy fields (qi gong, Reiki) |
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| This category of CAM is the most common CAM technique recommended by conventional providers and utilizes Qi and meridians (part of the Energy category) |
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| Three most common herbs/supplements |
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Definition
| Fish oil, glucosamine, echinacea |
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| What are the key ingredients of fish oil, where can you get it from in your diet, and what is the recommended dose? |
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Definition
| EPA and DHA (omega 3's); 200-800mg supplement; salmon, tuna, anchovies 1-2 servings/week |
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| What is glucosamine used to treat and is it effective? |
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Definition
| Osteoarthritis knee pain; not effective unless in dogs |
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| What is echinacea used to treat and what patients can it react in? |
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Definition
| Immune stimulating (URI); reacts in patients with ragweed allergies and diabetes |
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| What is flaxseed good for and not good for? |
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Definition
| Good: fiber; Not so good: cardiovascular, contains ALA fatty acid, not as good as fish oil |
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| What is ginkgo biloba used to treat and what does it interact with? |
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Definition
| Treat alzheimers and vascular dementia; interacts with anticoagulants |
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| What is soy used to treat? |
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Definition
| Treat hypercholesterolemia; menopause |
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| What is ginger used to treat? |
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| What is St. John's Wort used to treat and can it be used in combination with traditional meds? |
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Definition
| Antidepressant; cannot give meds in addition |
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| What does Vitamin D treat? How much sun exposure should you get? How much of the supplement should you take? |
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Definition
| Vitamin D reduces muscle and bone pain, falls and fractures and decreases cancer and heart disease; Sun exposure: 10-15 minutes arms/legs exposed at midday 2-3 times/week; Supplement: current rec is 400-600 IU, experts recommend 1000-2000 |
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| What are the common species in probiotics? |
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Definition
| lactobacillus (acidophillus) and bifidobacterium |
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| What are anabolic steroids, what do they do and what are the adverse effects? |
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Definition
| Synthetic derivative of testosterone; increase muscle protein synthesis, increase strength and body weight; decrease HDL, increase blood pressure, gynecomastia, aggression, heart problems, suicide |
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| What is DHEA and is it effective? |
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Definition
| DHEA is a precursor to testosterone but it has not been shown to increase testosterone level, strength or performance; still prohibited by NCAA |
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| What is creatine and what are the adverse effects? |
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Definition
| Peformance enhancer for men; helps with max weight lifted and bursts of excercise; increases water weight |
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| What are ephedrine/pseduoephedrine and what are the side effects? |
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Definition
| Stimulant, improves endurance and anaerobic performance; causes cardiovascular system and CNS (stroke and seizures) and death |
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| Established in 1994, this says that supplements are not subject to regulation as a food or drug; products must have a label; can make claims |
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| This was established in 2007 and says that manufacturers have to meet good manufacturing processes. It says nothing about the actual content, but it has to be manufactured, packed, labeled etc properly |
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| CGMP (Good Manufacturing Pratices) |
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| Voluntary testing and auditing program |
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Definition
| 35.8 C (96.4 F) to 37.3 C (99.1 F) |
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| Things to check for before taking a blood pressure |
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Definition
| Arteriovenous fistula for dialysis, scarring from brachial artery cut downs or signs of lymphedema |
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| What is the first sound you hear with BP? |
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| What is the second sound you hear with BP? |
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