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Historical Documents Influencing Founders
SS.7.C.1.2
8
Civics
7th Grade
02/14/2014

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Term
Magna Carta
Definition
• Written in 1215 in England
• “Great Charter”
• Granted rights to Nobles
o Right to jury
o Right to speedy trial
o Guarantees against loss of life, liberty, and property
• Agreed by King John of England – no one is above the law
• It led to idea of LIMITED GOV’T and RULE OF LAW (no one is above the law)
Term
English Bill of Rights
Definition
• Written in 1689 in England
• Authored by Parliament ( Legislative Branch)
• It established a limited monarchy (king) and gave power more power to Parliament.
• Monarchy not allowed to:
o Collect taxes without consent of Parliament
o Interfere with right to free speech
o Maintain army in peace time
o Require excessive bail or cruel punishment
o Declare laws made by Parliament should not be obeyed
• It led to the idea of LIMITED GOV’T and RULE OF LAW
Term
Mayflower Compact
Definition
• Written aboard the Mayflower in 1620 before ship landed in Plymouth, Massachusetts
• Pilgrims concerned about how it would be like to live in a state without any government and the need for government to maintain order and to protect the rights of those living under the government.
• It led to idea of SELF GOVERNMENT and CONSENT OF THE GOVERNED (refer to John Locke)
Term
Common Sense
Definition
• Written by Thomas Paine
• Published in 1776
• Challenged the authority of British gov’t and monarchy (king)
• 1st work to ask for independence from Great Britain
• Discussed purpose of gov’t and the need for independence from Great Britain
• “Government, even in its best state, is but a necessary evil…Wherefore security being the true design and end of government…”
• It led to the idea of PURPOSE OF GOV’T (SECURITY OF THE PEOPLE)
Term
Parliament
Definition
legislative branch in England
Term
monarchy
Definition
government ruled by king or queen
Term
compact
Definition
agreement mady by two or more persons
Term
Declaration of Independence
Definition
document influenced by the writing of "Common Sense" in 1776
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