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Definition
What are the basic structural and functional units of the mammalian body?
- cell
- tissue
- atom
- nucleus |
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Definition
what is not one of the four basic tissues?
- epithelium
- blood
- connective tissue
- nerve |
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Definition
| Where ___ are common to all cells, ___ are cell specific |
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Definition
which of the following is not a component of a cellular membrane?
- collagen
- phospholipids
- proteins
- cholesterol
- all of the above are parts of the cellular membrane |
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Definition
transcription occurs:
- in the cytoplasm
- in the plasmalemma
- in the nucleus
- in the nucleolus |
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Definition
translation occurs in the:
- cytoplasm
- plasmalemma
- nucleus
- nucleolus |
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Definition
chromatin is found in the:
- cytoplasm
- plasmalemma
- nucleus
- none of the above |
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Definition
Loosely packed DNA that can be transcribed is:
- heterochromatin
- chromosome
- euchromatin
- chromatin |
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Definition
chromatin folded into loops in the nucleus is called:
- heterochromatin
- chromosome
- euchromatin
- chromatin |
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Definition
which of the following describe the function of the nucleus:
- contains DNA
- separates transcription from translation
- controls enzymes and other molecules that are synthesized
- all of the above
- none of the above |
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Definition
ribosomes are made in the ____, but become fully functional in the ____.
- nucleus, mitochondria
- nucleolus, golgi complex
- nucleolus, cytoplasm
- cytoplasm, lysosome |
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Definition
| nuclear pores are present in the: |
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Definition
which of the following can enter the nucleus:
- select molecules
- proteins
- organelles
- proteins and molecules |
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Definition
smooth endoplasmic reticulum functions to:
- synthesize protein
- modify protein
- package protein
- none of the above |
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Term
| synthesize more ribosomes |
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Definition
which of the following is not a main fate of a protein:
- secreted from cell
- become part of cell membrane
- synthesize more ribosomes
- become part of lysosome |
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Term
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Definition
lysosomes contain:
- catalase
- acid hydrolase
- lipase
- peroxidase |
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Term
| actin, keratin, and microtubles |
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Definition
which of the following makes up the cytoskeleton? (pick as many that apply)
- microtubles
- bacteriocins
- keratin
- myosin
- actin |
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Definition
which of the following is not true regarding epithelial cells:
- form tightly connected sheets
- form glands
- defends the body against infection
- has nerves
- has blood vessels |
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Definition
in stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelium, all cells:
- are aneucleate
- have nuclei
- are squamous
- none of the above |
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Definition
in stratified squamous keratinized epithelium, cells at surface:
- have nuclei
- are anucleate
- are collumnar
- have flagella |
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Definition
where would you find nonkeratinized epithelium?
- epidermis of skin
- gingiva
- esophagus
- hard palate |
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Term
| epidermis of skin and gingiva |
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Definition
where would you find keratinized epithelium?
- vagina
- epidermis of skin
- cornea
- gingiva |
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Term
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Definition
the apical domain is in contact with:
- the basal lamina
- the lumen
- the basement membrane
- other cells |
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Definition
which of the following is not found on the apical domain:
- cilia
- microvilli
- stereocilia
- hemidesmosomes |
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Definition
occluding junctions are found:
- at the basal domain
- where two cells touch near basal lamina
- at the lateral domain
- where two cells touch near lumen |
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Definition
zonula adherens hold two cells together by connecting:
- the outside of the cell with the keratin inside the cell
- the outside of the cell with the actin inside the cell
- the top of the cell with the bottom of the cell |
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Term
| connect the outside of a cell with the actin filaments inside the cell |
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Definition
which of the following is not true about the macula adherens:
- is also called a desmosome
- connected the outside of a cell with the actin filaments inside the cell
- connect the outside of a cell with the keratin filaments inside the cell
- is found at the lateral domain |
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Term
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Definition
hemidesmosomes
- are anchoring junctions
- are found only in stratified epithelium
- attaches basal lamina to keratin inside the cell
- all of the above
- none of the above |
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Term
| attaches to epithelial cells with desmosomes |
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Definition
which is not true about the basal lamina:
- sheet of proteins that makes up special layer of ct or extracellular matrix
- attaches to the epithelial cells with desmosomes
- aka basement membrane
- is on the basal domain of the cell |
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Definition
if the cells in a gland are arranged in both a circle and elongated, they are:
-tubular
- acinar
- tubuloalveolar
- alveolar |
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Definition
molecule with high molecular weight and highly glycosylated:
- protein
- serous
- mucin
- acinar |
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Definition
which of the following are not minor salivary glands:
- sublingual
- palatine
- buccal
- labial |
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Definition
which of the following is a minor salivary gland?
- parotid
- submandibular
- sublingual
- all of the above |
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Definition
lingual serous glands of von ebner:
- are minor all mucus
- are major all serous
- are minor all serous
- are minor mixed |
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Term
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Definition
which of the following major gland is all mucus?
- parotid
- sublingual
- submandibular
- all of the above
- none of the above |
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Term
| it transports secretion from intercalated ducts to larger ducts |
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Definition
which of the following is true about striated ducts:
- it is most closely associated with secretory cells
- it is the first passageway for saliva
- it transports secretion from intercalated ducts to larger ducts
- it produces saliva |
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Term
| found in major/minor glands |
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Definition
which of the following is true about intercalated ducts:
- it is found in both major and minor salivary glands
- it functions to modify saliva
- resorbs ions from saliva
- secretes ions into saliva |
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Term
- sodium/chloride
- potassium/bicarbonate |
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Definition
| ____ is resorbed from saliva and ___ is secreted. |
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Term
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Definition
which nerve runs through the parotid gland:
- vagus
- cranial
- facial
- none of the above |
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Definition
which of the following is not considered an encapsulated gland:
- parotid
- sublingual
- submandibular |
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Definition
which of the following would not be found in saliva:
- salivary proteins
- bile
- plasma cells
- mucins |
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Term
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Definition
___ breaks down carbohydrates
- lipase
- beta-amylase
- alpha-amylase
- catalase |
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Definition
which of the following participates in mineralization of new teeth:
- carbon
- calcium
- phosphate
- oxygen |
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Definition
| what is found between the mineral of the tooth and oral plaque/biofilm? |
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Definition
xerostomia is:
- not a disease
- dry mouth
- caused by some medications
- all of the above
- none of the above |
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Definition
which of the following connective tissues provide mechanical support?
- bones
- ligaments
- dense regular CT
- all of the above |
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Term
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Definition
mast cells:
- are involved in allergies
- syntheseize antibodies
- store fat
- engulf bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
plasma cells:
- are involved in allergies
- syntheseize antibodies
- store fat
- engulf bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
adipocytes:
- are involved in allergies
- syntheseize antibodies
- store fat
- engulf bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
ground substance contains:
- protein and sugar
- peanut butter and jelly
- collagen and elastin
- actin and myocin |
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Term
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Definition
collagen type I is found in all of the following except:
- dentin
- cementum
- enamel
- pulp |
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Definition
which of the following is not found in great amounts in the adult body:
- adipose
- reticular
- mesenchyme
- cartilage |
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Term
| it has lots of large collagen fibers running in all direction |
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Definition
all of the following are true about loose CT except:
- it has lots of cells, bv, nerves and glands
- in the GI tract and oral cavity it is called the lamina propria
- it has lots of large collagen fibers running in all direction
- located under basal lamina |
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Term
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Definition
all of the following are true about dense irregular CT except:
- very few cells
- used for tensile strength
- large collage fibers running in all directions
- made of collagen type III |
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Term
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Definition
reticular cartilage is made of collagen type:
- I
- II
- III
- it is not made of collagen |
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Term
| type I collagen and elastic fibers |
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Definition
elastic CT has:
- type II collagen and no elastic fibers
- type I collagen and no elastic fibers
- type II collagen and elastic fibers
- type I collagen and elastic fibers |
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Term
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Definition
cartilage is:
- not vasularized
- not innervated
- essential for development of long bones
- all of the above |
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Term
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Definition
hyaline cartilage contains collagen type:
- I
- II
- III
- IV |
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Term
| type II and elastic fibers |
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Definition
elastic cartilage contains:
- type I and elastic fibers
- type I and no elastic fibers
- type II and elastic fibers
- type II and no elastic fibers |
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Term
| functions as delicate support |
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Definition
which of the following is not true about fibrocartilage:
- has type I and II collagen
- has cartilage
- functions as delicate support
- none of the above |
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Term
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Definition
osteod is secreted by:
- osteocytes
- osteoclasts
- osteoblasts
- osteoprogenitor cells |
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Term
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Definition
bone forming directly from mesenchyme:
- endochondral
- intramembranous |
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Term
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Definition
Bone forming directly from hyaline cartilage:
- endochondral
- intramembranous |
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Term
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Definition
which of the following is not a component of intercalated discs:
- fascia adherens
- zonula adherens
- desmosomes
- gap junctions |
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Term
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Definition
which of the following leukocytes are agranulocytes:
- lymphocytes
- monocytes
- both
- neither |
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Term
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Definition
which of the following leukocytes are granulocytes:
- neutrophils
- eosinophils
- basophils
- all of the above
- none of the above |
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Definition
which blood vessel's function is conduction:
- muscular art
- muscular venules
- elastic art
- art
- capillaries
- post cap venules
- veins |
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Term
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Definition
which blood vessel's function is distributing blood to arms/legs:
- muscular art
- muscular venules
- elastic art
- art
- capillaries
- post cap venules
- veins |
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Definition
which blood vessel's function is resistance and regulating how much blood goes into capillaries:
- muscular art
- muscular venules
- elastic art
- art
- capillaries
- post cap venules
- veins |
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Term
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Definition
which blood vessel's function is exchanging gases/proteins btwn blood and surrounding cells:
- muscular art
- muscular venules
- elastic art
- art
- capillaries
- post cap venules
- veins |
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Term
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Definition
which blood vessel's function is to allow leukocytes to enter connective tissue:
- muscular art
- muscular venules
- elastic art
- art
- capillaries
- post cap venules
- veins |
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Term
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Definition
which blood vessel's function is returning blood to heart:
- muscular art
- muscular venules
- elastic art
- art
- capillaries
- post cap venules
- veins |
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Term
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Definition
which blood vessel's function is capacitance or reservoir and have valves:
- muscular art
- muscular venules
- elastic art
- art
- capillaries
- post cap venules
- veins |
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