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Histology Exam 1
Lecture 11 (Blood)
30
Other
Not Applicable
06/13/2008

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Cards

Term
4 main elements of blood
Definition
- RBCs/erythrocytes
- Platelets
- WBCs/Leukocytes
- Plasma
Term
hematocrit
Definition
- volume of packed RBCs per unit volume of whole blood
Term
buffy coat
Definition
- layer of leukocytes and platelets
Term
plasma
Definition
- liquid obtained when whole blood is centrifuged in the presence of anticoagulants (heparin)
- no cells
- protein
Term
heparin
Definition
- anticoagulant
Term
serum
Definition
- plasma without fibrinogen
- obtained by collecting blood and allowing it to clot
- no cells/blood clotting proteins
Term
RBCs
Definition
- biconcave shape
- main function is O2 and CO2 transport and exchange btwn tissues
Term
biconcave shape
Definition
- provide high surface area to volume ratio in RBCs
Term
erythrocytes
Definition
- shape maintained by cytoskeleton
- deformable
- able to squeeze through gaps in endothelial cells
- live <4 months
- removed by spleen, liver and bone marrow
Term
spleen
Definition
- most active site for removal of aged RBCs
Term
Thrombocytes
Definition
- non-nucleated
- "formed elements"
- derived from megakaryocyte
- circulate 7-14 days in blood
- function in hemostasis
Term
megakaryocytes
Definition
- form platelets/thrombocytes
Term
platelets
Definition
- thrombocytes
Term
leukocytes
Definition
- true cell contain organelles and nucleus
- produced in red bone marrow
- travel in blood, but can migrate to CT
Term
- neutrophil
- eosinophil
- basophil
- lymphocyte
- monocyte
Definition
- 5 types of leukocytes
Term
- neutrophils
- lymphocytes
- monocytes
- eosinophils
- basophils
Definition
- leukocytes from most to least
Term
lymphocytes
Definition
- agranulocytes
- 2nd most abundant
- t-cells and b-cells
Term
agranulocytes
Definition
- no special organelles
Term
b-lymphocytes
Definition
- become plasma cells that function in CT/synthesize abys
Term
t-lymphocytes
Definition
- function in cell mediated IR detsroying foreign/infected cells
- do not make abys
Term
monocytes
Definition
- agranulocyte
- largest WBC
- differentiate into macrophages in CT
- remove foreign particles
Term
neutrophils
Definition
- granulocyte
- aka PMN
- most numerous WBC in normal blood
- migrates to areas of tissue damage and phagocytose bacteria/debris/dead cells
Term
PolyMorphoNuclear neutrophilic leukocytes
aka Neutrophils
Definition
- PMN
Term
granulocyte
Definition
- has special organelles
Term
eosinophils
Definition
- granulocyte
- increases in number if combating allergen, parasitic infection, chronic inflammation, and bronchial asthma
Term
Conditions leading to increased eosinophil count
Definition
- allergen, parasitic infection, chronic inflammation, and bronchial asthma
Term
basophil
Definition
- least common WBC
- granulocytes
- function similar to mast cell
- granules contain molecules affecting allergen response
Term
mast cell
Definition
- contain histamine and heparin
Term
histamine
Definition
- hydrophilic vasoactive amine
- increases permability of small bv causing edema and itching
- increases mucous production and smooth muscle contraction in lung
Term
heparin
Definition
- anticoagulant
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