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| Wandering students and clerics who composed songs on varying topics. |
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| Same latin as english Juggler - played in courts (lower class than bards or minstrels) Jack of all trade type acts. |
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| Developed from Jongleur - they were specialized musicians |
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| Northern France vernacular poet-composers |
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| Southern France vernacular poet-composers |
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| German knightly poet-composers, minne (love) minnelieder (love-songs) mostly about duty and service that reflected loyalty |
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| a treatise written about organum (the basis of the first polyphony) |
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| An architectural design of the mid 12th century |
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And architectural design from 11th- early 12th century
Included rounded arches and Frescoes (painted plaster) |
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surviving songs from troubadour and trouvére
many still survive |
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| German Love-songs by Minnesinger |
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Over 400 songs in Gallican-portuguese in honor of the Virgin Mary
Spain! |
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| Medieval Dance music in triple meter |
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Introit
Gradual
Alleluia
Offertory
Communion |
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Kyrie
Gloria
Credo
Sactus
Agnus Dei |
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| sung before and after the psalm |
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| music accompanying the mass service |
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| call and response between soloist and choir/congregation |
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| two halves of the choir alternate singing |
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| chants in which almost every syllable is 1 note |
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| chant includes melismas (more than 6) |
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a new addition to church chant
adding more words, melody, extending melismas, expanding from the original text, (neumatic) |
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Nun famous for her prophecies.
Germany
Compositional gestures: Wide ranges, melodic figures, rising 5th followed by stepwise decent, circling around a cadential note, leaps spanning an octave or more |
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| Principal voice with a addition voice moving at a 5th below |
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| Mixed and Oblique Organum |
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| Used to avoid tritones in the voice below the Principal |
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| Improvised parts - within limitations written in treatise |
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| Tenor voice (5th below) keeps the principal melody while the upper voice sings note groups |
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| Tenor and Principal Voice moving at the same rate with 1-3 notes in the upper voice per note in the tenor. |
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| The upper voice (like in Viderunt omnes) carrying out melismas over a tenor drone. In Organum |
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| a 3-voice organum (on and on with more voices) |
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Took over after Organum and conductus fell out of fashion
(Notre Dame) |
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| A clause; self-contain part of the Organum |
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| Guy who did a lot of organum (polyphony) |
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| Poetic paraphrases of several books of the Bible |
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| voices trade phrases, emphasizing dissonances before resolving to the 5th and octave above the tenor |
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| Motet tenor (preexisting melody) |
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