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        | hop is the product of inner-city African-American, Caribbean and Latino communities that were plagued by poverty, community decay, and the proliferation of drugs and gang violence in the 1960s and early 1970s. |  
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•Begin, mass migration  
of middle-class 
  
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        | = a loosely organized group of individuals who collaborate together for social reasons. Some collaborate together for anti-social reasons.  |  
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        | Three R’s” of Gang Culture |  
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 •REPUTATION or  
Respect 
Revenge 
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        Prez  
Vp  
warlord  
Masher (best fighter)  |  
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        Named after zulu chief 
  
Black spade 
Bronx river project Universal zulu nation  |  
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        | DEF an unauthorized inscription on drawing material or public surface |  
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        Demetrius  
Made tagging famous in nyc  at 15  |  
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        Earliest writing orga 
Founded in erassumus high in brooklyn 
nonviolent street gang  |  
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        | Name some Graffiti artists |  
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        Zephyr 
Lady pink 
Lee Quinones  |  
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        Times squar show 
Freddy love  |  
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        Shift to harder lyrics 
Popular for videos than performances  |  
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        Russel simmons  
rick rubin  |  
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        | Produce records that were a true expression of rap culture |  
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        | Cross over into mainstreem def jam |  
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        Walk this way 
Fight for your right  |  
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        Roxanne shante mc shane 
later  
Biz markci big daddykane  |  
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 •tough,  
•streetwise,  
•intense,  
•and often menacing (although there is room for humor as well). 
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        | Created Scratch technique |  
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        | Grand master flash (scratch) |  
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        | Kool herc throws parties for b boys here |  
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 1.the section on a musical recording where the percussive rhythms were most aggressive and hard driving. 
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 1.Herc’s brand of music (also called Merry Go-Round technique) 
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 1.*James Brown’s “Give it Up or Turn it Loose” 
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 1.*The Incredible Bongo Band’s “Apache”  
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        | DJ talks over recorded music inserting catchy words and phrases on top of it |  
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        Afrika bambaattaa 
(music type)  |  
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        | Finding beats from old records |  
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        | Coke la rock & clark kent and timmy tim |  
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        First emcee team 
  
TOASTING  |  
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        JAmaican toasts 
party shout outs of previous dj's  |  
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        | Grand master flash & the Furious 5 mc |  
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        | performing rhymes with a friend or circle of friends; practicing rhymes in an informal setting, such as freestyling with another playing off each others words |  
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        | FIrst commercial rap song |  
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        | King tim III (personality jock) 1979 |  
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   1. 2nd place to Sugar Hill’s release 
  2. signed original crews from the S. Bronx (Funky 4+1, Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five, Fearless Four…) 
  3. Lack of funds and drive 
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        start wat woudl become sugar hill records 
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        | Advnetures of Grand master flash |  
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        | " is the first rap song to include the sounds of real DJing skill on wax |  
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        | praises about a respected, anti-authority heroic figure. |  
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        | poet and keeper of history in aa culture |  
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        | fight like dance similar to breakin |  
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        | fight like dance form NC SC georgiea |  
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        | african americans b boying |  
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        | Cool herc break dancin music |  
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        | west coast dancin pioneer |  
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        first self proclaimed rapper/mc 
popularizer  |  
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        | Started rhyming during his dj sets |  
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