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Higher - Pro/Anti-social behav
Pro/Anti-social behaviour & agression
17
Psychology
Not Applicable
05/28/2004

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Term
Define aggression (Berkwitz)
Definition
Berkwitz (1993)
“some kind of behaviour, either physical or symbolic, that is carried out with the intention of hurting someone”
Term
Define aggression
Definition
Aggression is an action that causes physical or psychological pain to another person but not the aggressor.
Many factors affect aggression incl. Pain, fear, anger, and social situation which are frustrating
Term
What causes humans to be aggressive
Definition
1.Hormones (Angrogen, tesosterone)
2.Neurotransmitters (Low seratonin)
3.Alchohol (75% of violent crimes)
4.Previous high physiological arousal (ANS)
5.Weather (Hot n Humid)
6.Frustration (Agression theroy)
8.Pain (Lash Out)
9.SLT (esp if reinforced)
Term
Study in Aggression
Definition
Bandura (1961) transmittion of agression through imitation of aggressive models.
Term
Bandura (1961) exp. details
Definition
36 boys & 36 girls,
mean age 52 months,
24 saw agresseive model.
24 saw non aggressive model.
24 saw non (control group).
Term
Bandura results
Definition
1.chilren who saw agg. model made more aggressive acts than the children who saw the non-agg.model.
2.Boys more agg. than girls.
3. boys watched agg. male model more aggressive than boys who saw agg. female medel.
4.Girls who saw agg. male model more verabaly agg than girls who saw agg female model.
5.control group showed least agg.
Term
Bandura conclusion
Definition
Aggressive behaviour is learned; the social learning theroy.
Male models have more influance particularly with boys.
Term
Bandura critisims
Definition
1.SLT models have great impact on personality development. (Teachers, parents, relatives, peers)
2.The study does not show any long term effects of aggressive modelling
3.The results support notion that learned behaviour is causation of aggression
4.Low ecological value.
Term
Pro / Anti social behaviour (define)
Definition
Pro-social behaviour is any behaviour that helps society or the individual whilst anti-social behaviour is any behaviour which harms society or the individual.
Term
Pro social: background
Definition
Kitty Genovese
1.Altruism is a form of pro-social behaviour
2.Unselfish concern for the welfare of others
Term
An eclectic explanation of altruism
Definition
1.Social approach i.e. influenced by social norms
2.Learning approach, we learn to help.
3.Biological approach, Helping is innate
Term
What motivates helping behaviours?
Definition
1.Egotistic helping.
2.Genuine empathetic concern.
Term
Two theories in why we help.
Definition
1.Negative state relief model (Cialdini)
2. Empathy Altruism Hypthesis (Batson 1994)
Term
negative state relief model (define)
Definition
Egotistic helping behaviour, motivated to relieve negative states, mood elevation is the consequence
Term
Empathy altruism hypothesis
Definition
Here empathy facilitates altruism- perception taking and/or emotional understanding. Empathetic concern, we want to free the individual of their suffering
Term
Bystander effects
Definition
Why do people not help? Bystander effect. (John Darley Bibi Latane 1970)
1. non urgent situation, pluaristic ignorance.
2. Diffusion of responsibility.
Term
Piliavin (1969)
Definition
Tried to substantiate the bystander effect, investigated the effects of using different victims (race, blind, drunk)
Results.
Individual responses were determined by state of emotional arousal.
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