Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
Aprepitant, Ondansetron, granisetron,
dolasetron and palonosetron |
|
Definition
5HT-3 antagonist used in chemotherapeutic induced
emesis |
|
|
Term
| Atropine, pralidoxime (2-PAM) |
|
Definition
| Antidote used for organophosphate/anticholinesterase poisoning |
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Term
|
Definition
| Antidote used for heparin toxicity |
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Term
|
Definition
| Antidote for tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA), streptokinase |
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Term
|
Definition
| Interaction with this drug requires dose reduction of 6-MP |
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Term
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Definition
| Binds tubulin and prevents the disassembly of microtubules during the M phase of the cell cycle inducing mitotic arrest |
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Term
|
Definition
| Anti-estrogen used for estrogen receptor + breast cancer |
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Term
|
Definition
| ACTH analog used for diagnosis of patients with corticosteroid abnormality |
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Term
|
Definition
| Most widely used thyroid drugs such as Synthroid and Levoxyl contain |
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Term
| Gynecomastia and hyperkalemia |
|
Definition
| Common SE of spironolactone |
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Term
|
Definition
| Selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) used for prevention of osteoporosis and currently being tested for treatment of breast cancer (Stars study) |
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Term
| Raloxifene (SERM-selective estrogen receptor modulator) |
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Definition
| Increase bone density, also being tested for breast CA tx. |
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Term
|
Definition
| 1st generation antihistamine that is highly sedating |
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Term
| Sumatriptan, naratriptan, and rizatriptan |
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Definition
| 5HT-1D/1B agonist used for migraine headaches |
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Term
|
Definition
| Agents for reduction of postpartum bleeding |
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Term
|
Definition
| Agents used in treatment of carcinoid tumor |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| Blocks peptidoglycan synthesis |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Cheap wide spectrum antibiotic DOC of otitis media |
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Term
|
Definition
| DOC for tx of pseudomembranous colitis |
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Term
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Definition
| Time it takes for amount of drug to fall to half of its value, constant in first order kinetics (majority of drugs) |
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Term
| Barbiturates, phenytoin, carbamazepine, and rifampin |
|
Definition
| Inducers of Cytochrome P450 (CYP450) |
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Term
| Cimetidine, ketoconazole, erythromycin, isoniazid and grapefruit |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Ability of drug to produce a biologic effect |
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Term
| Thyroid and steroid hormones |
|
Definition
| Mechanism of action (MOA) utilizes intracellular receptors |
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Term
|
Definition
| MOA utilizes transmembrane receptors |
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Term
|
Definition
| Antidote used for acetaminophen (APAP) toxicity |
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|
Term
| Vitamin K and Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) |
|
Definition
| Antidote used for warfarin toxicity |
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|
Term
| Naloxone (IV), naltrexone (PO) |
|
Definition
| Antidote used for opioid toxicity |
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Term
|
Definition
| Antidote used for benzodiazepine toxicity |
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Term
|
Definition
| May protect against doxorubicin cardio-toxicity by chelating iron |
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Term
|
Definition
| Blows DNA (breaks DNA strands), limiting SE is pulmonary fibrosis |
|
|
Term
| Odansetron, granisetron, dolasetron, palonosetron |
|
Definition
| Anti-emetics used in association with anti-cancer drugs that are 5-HT3 (serotonin receptor subtype ) antagonist |
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Term
|
Definition
| Hormone inhibiting prolactin release |
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Term
|
Definition
| Synthetic analog of ADH hormone used for diabetes insipidus and nocturnal enuresis |
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Term
|
Definition
| Thioamide less likely to cross placenta, inhibits peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 in high doses, and should be used with extreme caution in pregnancy |
|
|
Term
| Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking iodination of the tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin |
|
Definition
| PTU (propylthiouracil) MOA |
|
|
Term
| Hyperglycemia, Osteopenia, impaired wound healing, inc. risk of infection, inc. appetite, HTN, edema, PUD, euphoria, psychosis |
|
Definition
| Some side effects of corticosteroids |
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Term
|
Definition
| Diuretic used to antagonize aldosterone receptors |
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Term
|
Definition
| Non-steroidal estrogen agonist causes clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina in daughters of women who used it during pregnancy |
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Term
|
Definition
| Converted to more active form DHT by 5 alpha-reductase |
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Term
|
Definition
| Product of proinsulin cleavage used to assess insulin production |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Amino acid derivative for treatment of Type II diabetes |
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Term
|
Definition
| Used intranasally and decreases bone resorption |
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Term
|
Definition
| Drug that causes contraction of the uterus |
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|
Term
| Smooth muscle; stomach, heart, and mast cells; nerve endings, CNS respectively |
|
Definition
| Distribution of histamine receptors H1, H2, and H3 |
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Term
|
Definition
| Prototype antagonist of H1 and H2 receptors |
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|
Term
| Fexofenadine, loratadine, and cetirizine |
|
Definition
| 2nd generation antihistamines |
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Term
|
Definition
| H2 blocker that causes the most interactions with other drugs |
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Term
|
Definition
| Ergot alkaloid used as an illicit drug |
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Term
|
Definition
| Dopamine agonist used in hyperprolactinemia |
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Term
|
Definition
| Mediator of tissue pain, edema, inactivated by ACE, and may be a contributing factor to the development of angioedema |
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Term
|
Definition
| Drug causing depletion of substance P (vasodilator) |
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|
Term
| Prostaglandin E1 (misoprostol) PGE2, and PGF2alpha |
|
Definition
| Prostaglandins that cause abortions |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inhibitor of lipoxygenase |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Used in pediatrics to maintain patency of ductus arteriosis |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Prostaglandin used in the treatment impotence |
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|
Term
| Stimulates cGMP which leads to vascular smooth muscle relaxation |
|
Definition
| MOA and effect of nitric oxide |
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Term
|
Definition
| Muscarinic antagonist used in asthma |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Adrenal suppression and weaning slowly, respectively |
|
Definition
| SE of long term (>5 days) corticosteroid therapy and remedy |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Meningitis prophylaxis in exposed patients |
|
|
Term
Scotch tape technique
and mebendazole |
|
Definition
| Technique used to diagnose perianal itching, and the drug used to treat it |
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|
Term
| Inhibit dihydropteroate synthase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anemia caused by trimethoprim |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| DOC for giardia, bacterial vaginosis, pseudomembranous colitis, and trichomonas |
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|
Term
| Rifampin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, and Ethambutol |
|
Definition
| Treatment for TB patients (think RIPE) |
|
|
Term
| Orange urine discoloration |
|
Definition
| Common side effect of Rifampin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| DOC for influenza A and B |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| HIV antiviral class known to have severe drug interactions by causing inhibition of metabolism |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Acyclovir; activates thymidine kinase |
|
Definition
| DOC for herpes and its MOA |
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Term
|
Definition
| Anti-microbials that cause hemolysis in G6PD-deficient patients |
|
|
Term
| sulfamethoxazole/ trimethoprim |
|
Definition
| Anti-biotic frequently used for chronic UTI prophylaxis |
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Term
|
Definition
| Major effect of benzodiazepines on sleep at high doses |
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|
Term
| Ability to cross the placenta |
|
Definition
| Reason benzos are used cautiously in pregnancy |
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Term
|
Definition
| Antidote to benzodiazepine overdose (antagonist that reverses the CNS effects) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Agent that is metabolized to acetaldehyde by alcohol dehydrogenase and microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system (MEOS) |
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|
Term
| Microsomal ethanol oxidizing system MEOS |
|
Definition
| System that increases in activity with chronic exposure and may contribute to tolerance |
|
|
Term
| Peripheral neuropathy (also excessive alcohol use is associated with HTN, anemia, and MI) |
|
Definition
| The most common neurologic abnormality in chronic alcoholics |
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Term
| Valproic acid, Phenytoin and Carbamazepine |
|
Definition
| Drugs of choice for generalized tonic-clonic and partial seizures |
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|
Term
| Ethosuximide and valproic acid |
|
Definition
| Drugs of choice for absence seizures |
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Term
|
Definition
| Drug of choice for myoclonic seizures |
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Term
|
Definition
| Anti-seizure drugs used also for pain of neuropathic orgin |
|
|
Term
| Gingival hyperplasia, nystagmus, diplopia and ataxia |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| DOC for malignant hyperthermia that may be caused by use of halogenated anesthetics |
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Term
|
Definition
| Benzodiazepine receptor antagonist, it accelerates recovery from benzodiazepine overdose |
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Term
|
Definition
| Opioid associated with awareness during surgery and post-operative recall, but still used for high-risk cardiovascular surgeries |
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Term
|
Definition
| DOC for malignant hyperthermia by acting on the sacroplasmic reticulum or skeletal muscle |
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|
Term
| Drug induced Parkinsonism |
|
Definition
| Antipsychotics, reserpine at high doses, and MPTP (by-product of illicit meperidine analog) and is irreversible |
|
|
Term
| EPS, hyperprolactinemia, amennorrhea, galactorrhea, neuroleptic malignant syndrome |
|
Definition
| Side effects occuring in antipsychotics that block dopamine |
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Term
|
Definition
| Atypical antipsychotic causing high prolactin levels |
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Term
|
Definition
| Drug used in neuroleptic malignant syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Chlorpromazine or Thioridazine |
|
Definition
| Antipsychotics having the strongest autonomic effects |
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Term
|
Definition
| Agent with greater affinity to 5HT2A receptor; reserved for refractory schizophrenia, and can cause weight gain and agranulocytosis |
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Term
|
Definition
| Anti-psychotics shown not to cause tardive dyskinesia |
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Term
|
Definition
| Major route of elimination for Lithium |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Patients being treated with lithium, who are dehydrated, or taking diuretics concurrently, could develop |
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Term
|
Definition
| DOC for bipolar affective disorder |
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|
Term
| Tremor, sedation, ataxia, aphasia, thyroid enlargement, and reversible diabetes insipidus |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| TCA used in chronic pain, enuresis, and OCD |
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Term
|
Definition
| Unicyclic antidepressant least likely to affect sexual performance, used for management of nicotine withdrawal, SE's include dizziness, dry mouth, aggravation of psychosis, and seizures |
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|
Term
| Presynaptic mu, delta, and kappa receptors |
|
Definition
| Activation of these receptors close Ca2+ ion channels to inhibit neurotransmitter release and pain transmission |
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|
Term
| Miosis, convulsions and constipation |
|
Definition
| Tolerance to all effects of opioid agonists can develop except |
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Term
|
Definition
| Opioid used in the management of withdrawal states |
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Term
|
Definition
| Opioid available trans-dermally |
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Term
|
Definition
| Opioid that can be given PO, by epidural, and IV, which helps to relieve the dyspnea of pulmonary edema |
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|
Term
| Codeine, hydrocodone, and oxycodone |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Opioid antagonist that is given IV and had short DOA |
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Term
|
Definition
| Opioid antagonist that is given orally in alcohol dependency programs |
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|
Term
| Changes in heart rate, blood pressure, respiration, body temperature, sweating, bowel signs, and pupillary responses |
|
Definition
| Readily detected markers that may assist in diagnosis of the cause of a drug overdose include |
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Term
|
Definition
| This agent may cause more severe, rapid and intense symptoms (abstinence syndrome) to a recovering addict |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ethanol, Barbiturates, and Benzodiazepines |
|
Definition
| These agents are CNS depressants |
|
|
Term
| Patches, gum, nasal spray, psychotherapy, and bupropion |
|
Definition
| Treatments available for nicotine addiction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| THC is active ingredient, SE's include impairment of judgment, and reflexes, decreases in blood pressure and psychomotor performance occur |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| This agent has greater affinity for muscarinic receptors and used for postoperative and neurogenic ileus and urinary retention |
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|
Term
| DUMBELSS (diarrhea, urination, miosis, bronchoconstriction, excitation of skeletal muscle and CNS, lacrimation, salivation, and sweating) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Benztropine, trihexyphenidyl |
|
Definition
| Treat manifestations of Parkinson's disease and EPS |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Treatment of motion sickness |
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|
Term
| Atropine, homatropine, and tropicamide |
|
Definition
| Produce mydriasis and cycloplegia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bronchodilation in asthma and COPD |
|
|
Term
| You have 1 heart (Beta 1) and 2 lungs (Beta 2) |
|
Definition
| Pneumonic for beta receptors |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| This is the drug of choice for anaphylactic shock |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| These agents decrease blood flow or increase blood pressure, are local decongestant, and used in therapy of spinal shock (temporary maintenance of blood pressure which may help maintain perfusion) |
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin |
|
Definition
| Selective Alpha 1 blocker used for hypertension, BPH, may cause first dose orthostatic hypotension |
|
|
Term
| Acebutolol, atenolol, esmolol, metoprolol |
|
Definition
| Selective B1 Receptor blockers that may be useful in treating cardiac conditions in patients with asthma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| This beta blocker lacks local anesthetic activity (decreases protective reflexes and increases the risk of corneal ulceration) and used in treating glaucoma |
|
|
Term
| Timolol (nonselective), betaxolol (selective) |
|
Definition
| These Beta blockers decrease aqueous secretion |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Captopril and enalapril (-OPRIL ending) are |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pregnancy and with hyperkalemia |
|
Definition
| Ace inhibitors are contraindicated in |
|
|
Term
| Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) |
|
Definition
| Losartan and valsartan block |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Angiotensin receptor blockers do NOT cause |
|
|
Term
| Constipation, edema, and headache |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Reduce heart rate, contractility, and O2 demand |
|
|
Term
| Atenolol, acebutolol, and metoprolol |
|
Definition
| Cardioselective Beta 1-blockers |
|
|
Term
| Bradycardia, SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION, decrease in HDL, and increase in Triglycerols (TG) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Prazosin, terazosin and doxazosin (-AZOSIN ending) |
|
Definition
| Alpha 1selective blockers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A1a-selective blocker used for BPH |
|
|
Term
| Orthostatic hypotension (especially with first dose) and reflex tachycardia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Geriatrics due to its CNS (depression) effects |
|
Definition
| Methyldopa is contraindicated in |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Diuretic used for mountain sickness and glaucoma |
|
|
Term
| Paresthesias, alkalization of the urine (which may ppt. Ca salts), hypokalemia, acidosis, and encephalopathy in patients with hepatic impairment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Site of action of loop diuretics |
|
|
Term
| Hyperuricemia, hypokalemia and ototoxicity |
|
Definition
| SE of loop (furosemide) diuretics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Loops lose and thiazide diuretics retain |
|
|
Term
| Work at early distal convoluted tubule |
|
Definition
| Site of action of thiazide diuretics |
|
|
Term
| Hyperuricemia, hypokalemia and hyperglycemia |
|
Definition
| SE of thiazide (HCTZ) diuretics |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Potassium sparing diuretics inhibit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Diuretic used to treat primary aldosteronism |
|
|
Term
| Gynecomastia hyperkalemia, and impotence |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Osmotic diuretic used for increased intracranial pressure |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| ADH agonist used for pituitary diabetes insipidus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| MOA of class I A (eg. Procainamide), class IB (eg. Lidocaine), and class IC (eg. Flecainide) antiarrhythmics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Limiting side effect of Quinidine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| DOC for management of acute Ventricular arrhythmias |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Life threatening cardiac event that prolong QT leads to |
|
|
Term
| Inhibits phosphodiesterase-5, enhancing effects of nitric oxide-activated increases in cGMP |
|
Definition
| MOA of sildenafil (Viagra) |
|
|
Term
| Relax vascular smooth muscle, at low doses dilate veins and at high doses dilate arterioles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Vitamin K dependent anticoagulant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Heparin (PTT) increases activity of |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Antidote to reverse actions of heparin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lyse thrombi by catalyzing the formation of plasmin which binds fibrin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pulmonary embolism and DVT |
|
Definition
| Thrombolytics are used for |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Agent for pernicious anemia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Agent used for megaloblastic anemia (but does NOT reverse neurologic symptoms) and decrease neural tube defects during pregnancy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Agent used for anemias associated with renal failure |
|
|
Term
| Inhibit Cytochrome P450 3A4 |
|
Definition
| Drug or foods (grapefruit juice) that increase statin effect |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Monitoring parameter to obtain before initiation of STATINS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Decreases liver triglycerol synthesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fibrates (gemfibrozil) increase activity of |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Agent used for closure of patent ductus arteriosus |
|
|
Term
| Antipyretic and analgesic activity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Antidote for acetaminophen toxicity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| DMARDs are slow acting drugs for |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Allopurinol treats chronic gout by inhibiting |
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|
