Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Inhibition of Hydroxylation of collagen (proline and lysine residues) |
|
Definition
| Vit C deficiency (Scurvy) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hyperextensible skin, Hypermobile joints, Easy bruising |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Progressive hereditary nephritis & deafness |
|
Definition
| Alport Syndrome (Type IV Defect) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Early emphysema (& cirrhosis) |
|
Definition
| alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency |
|
|
Term
| Ragged red fibers on microscopy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Elevated LDL due to defective or absent LDL receptor |
|
Definition
| Familial Hypercholesterolemia |
|
|
Term
| Cell signaling defect of fibroblast growth factor 3 (FGR 3) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Defect in spectrin or ankyrin |
|
Definition
| Hereditary Sperocytosis (IN MCHC) |
|
|
Term
Trinucleatide repeat disorders
Name 4 with repeat
X-Girlfriend's First Aid Helped Ace My Test |
|
Definition
1) Fragile X Syndrome (CGG)
2)Friedreich's ataxia (GAA)
3) Huntington's Disease (CAG)
4) Myotonic dystrophy (CTG) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| NF2 gene on chromosome 22 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
X-linked recessive disorders (name them all)
Be Wise Fool's GOLD Heeds Silly Hope |
|
Definition
Burton's Agammaglobulinemia
Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
Fabry's disease
G6PD deficiency
Ocular albinism
Lesch-Hyhan syndrome
Duchenne's (and Becker's) muscular dystrophies
Hunter's Syndrome
Hemophilia A & B |
|
|
Term
| Deletion of dystrophin gene |
|
Definition
| Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy (Diagnose with IN CPK muscle biopsy) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| FMR1 gene expression defect |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common cause of congenital mental retardation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Congenital microdeletion of short arm of chromosome 5 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) deficiency |
|
Definition
| Beri-Beri & Wernicke-Korsakoff |
|
|
Term
| Most common Vitamin deficiency in US |
|
Definition
| Folic acid (give in pregnancy to reduce neural tube defects) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
-Rickets (children)
-Osteomalcia (adults)
-Hypocalemic tetany |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chronic Gramulomatous disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Botulinism (Clostridium Botulinum) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Parasite:
Brain cysts, seizures |
|
Definition
| Tanenia solium (cysticercosis) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Parasite:
Biliary tract disease, cholangiocarcinoma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Parasite:
Hematuria, badder cancer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Parasite:
Microcytic anemia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Parasite:
Perianal pruritis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| TSI's (Thyroid Stimulating Ig's |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| #1 cause of Cushing's Syndrome |
|
Definition
| Exogenous (iatrogenic) steroids |
|
|
Term
| Most common cause of hypothyroidism |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most common thyroid cancer |
|
Definition
| Papillary carcinoma (Orphan Annie eyes) |
|
|
Term
| Most common pituitary adenoma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nucleotide excision repair mutation |
|
Definition
| Xeroderma pigmentosum - prevents repair of pyrimidine dimers from UV light exposure |
|
|
Term
| Mutation of Mismatch repair |
|
Definition
| HNPCC (Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer) |
|
|
Term
| Mutation of Nonhomologous end joining |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anti-Smith Abs against snRNPs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Precurosor to squamous cell carcinoma |
|
|
Term
| honey colored crusting ok skin |
|
Definition
| impetigo (s. aureus or s. pyogenes) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Psoriasis
Ankylosing spondylitis
Inflammatory bowel disease
Reiter's Syndrome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Multiple sclerosis
Hay fever
SLE
Goodpasture's |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Diabetes mellitus type I
Grave's disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Rheumatoid arthritis
Diabetes mellitus type I |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pernicious anemia --> B12 deficiency
Hashimoto's thyroiditis |
|
|
Term
| Toxin of this inhibits EF-2 (elongation factor-2 or ADP-ribosylation) used in protein translation |
|
Definition
| Pseudomonas & Diptheria toxin |
|
|
Term
| Failure of addition of mannose-6-phosphate to lysosome proteins |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| mutations in collagen genes and lysine hydroxylase genes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mutation in Lysosomal trafficking regulator gene (LYST) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Infant with ground glass appearance of lungs on CXR |
|
Definition
| Neonatal respiratory Distress Syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Lecithin: Spingomyelin ratio < 2 |
|
Definition
| Neonatal respiratory Distress Syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Mutation of fibroblast growth factor- receptor 3 (FGF-3) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mutation of PKD1 on chromosome 16 |
|
Definition
| Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease |
|
|
Term
| Mutation of APC gene on chromosome 5q21 |
|
Definition
| Familial Adenomatous Polyposis |
|
|
Term
| Mutation of LDL receptor gene on chromosome 19 |
|
Definition
| Familial Hypercholesterolemia |
|
|
Term
| Defects in ankyrin and spectrin (component of erythrocyte cell membrane) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| defect of HD on chromosome 4 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mutation of fibrillin gene on chromosome 15g21 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mutation of RET proto-oncogene |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Constitutive activation of HIF |
|
Definition
| von Hippel-Lindau Disease |
|
|
Term
| Mutation of CFTR gene on chromosome 7 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Deletion of dystrophin gene |
|
Definition
| Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy |
|
|
Term
| Diagnosis of Muscular dystrophy |
|
Definition
| Increase CPK and biopsy of muscle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Necrosis and phagocytosis of muscle fibers on biopsy |
|
Definition
| Duchenne's muscular dystrophy |
|
|
Term
| Glycogen accumulation in muscle fibers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Abnormal accumulation of lipid in myocyte |
|
Definition
| Defects in carnitine palmitoyltransferase enzyme |
|
|
Term
| Blunting of villi in small bowel biopsy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| anti-tissue transglutaminase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hurthle cells and lymphocytic infiltration of thyroid with germinal centers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Granulomatous inflammation of thyroid (note thyroid is very tender) |
|
Definition
| Subacute Thyroiditis (de Quervain's) |
|
|
Term
| Thyroid replaced by fibrous tissue |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Nests of polygonal cells in amyloid stroma in thyroid |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Branch chain ketoacid dehydrogenase deficiency (Val, Leu, Iso) |
|
Definition
| Maple syrup urine disease |
|
|
Term
| Opthalmoplegia, Confusion, Ataxia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Polyneuritis, Symmetrical muscle wasting |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| High-output cardiac failure, edema in alcoholic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cheilosis, Corneal neovascularization, Magenta-colored tongue |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| AR disease impaired AA absorption --> tryptophan deficiency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Diarrhea, Dementia, Dermatitis (3 D's) |
|
Definition
| Pellagra (B3 deficiency- Niacin) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sideroblastic anemia, Cheilosis/stomatitis, Convulsions |
|
Definition
| B6 (Pyridoxine) deficiency |
|
|
Term
| Dermatitis, alopecia, enteritis, and muscle pain after eating raw eggs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Macrocytic, megoblastic anemia with neurological symptoms |
|
Definition
| B12 (Cobalamin) defieiency |
|
|
Term
| Macrocytic, megoblastic anemia with no neurological symptoms |
|
Definition
| B9 (Folic Acid) Deficiency |
|
|
Term
| Night blindness and dry skin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Warfarin antidote in non-acute setting |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Libman-Sacks endocarditis associated with |
|
Definition
| Lupus and antiphospholipid antibody |
|
|
Term
| chronic hemolytic anemia, INcrease 2,3-BPG, NO heinz bodies |
|
Definition
| Pyruvate Kinase deficiency |
|
|
Term
| Diarrhea, bloating, cramps after milk ingestion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Galactosemia/galactosuria and cataracts in childhood |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cataracts in childhood, jaundice, lethargy, mental retardation, galactosemia/galactosuria, vomiting after milk ingestion |
|
Definition
| Gal-1-P uridyl transferase deficiency (Classic Galactosemia) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Essential fructosuria (benign) |
|
|
Term
| Lactic acidosis and neurological defects |
|
Definition
| Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency |
|
|
Term
| Cyanide poisoning antidote |
|
Definition
| Nitrites (creates methemoglobin) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 2,4-DNP, ASA, thermogenin in brown fat |
|
|
Term
| Exercise intolerance, muscle cramps, myoglobinuria |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lysosomal a-1,4-glucosidase deficiency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Debrancing enzyme deficiency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Branching enzyme defiency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Muscle glycogen phosphorylase deficiency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hepatic glycogen phosphorylase deficiency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Episodic self-limiting hemolytic anemia induced by infection and drugs such as primaquine |
|
Definition
| Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency |
|
|
Term
| Vomiting, diarrhea, hypoglycemia, lactic acidosis, hyperuricemia, and hyperphosphatemia at time of weaning from milk to foods with fructose or sucrose |
|
Definition
| Hereditary fructose intolerance (aldolase B deficiency) |
|
|
Term
| Poor prognostic indicator in Neuroblastoma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| HVA (Hemovanillic acid) elevated in urine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Episodic
-Pressure (elevated BP)
-Pain (HA)
-Perspiration
-Palpitations
-Pallor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Thrombocytopenic purpura
Infections
Eczema |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Inhibition of COX pathway leading to relative decrease of prostoglandin bronchodilators to leukotriene bronchoconstrictors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Type I hypersensitivity asthma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| enhanced vagal stimulation asthma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Type I Hypertriglyceridemia |
|
Definition
| LPL deficiency (Apo-CII deficiency) |
|
|
Term
| orange-red eruptive xanthomas, fatty liver, acute pancreatitis |
|
Definition
| Type I Hypertriglyceridemia (LPL or Apo-CII deficiency) |
|
|
Term
| Familial Hypercholesterolemia |
|
Definition
| LDL receptor deficiency (AD) |
|
|
Term
| Type III Familial hyperlipoproteinemia or Dysbetalipoproteinemia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Low or absent apo-B100 or apo-B48 |
|
|
Term
| Fasting hypoglycemia, No ketone bodies, dicarboxylic acidemia, C8-10 acyl carnitines in serum |
|
Definition
| MCAD deficiency (Medium Chain Acyl-Dehydrogenase deficiency) |
|
|
Term
| muscle aches/weakness, myoglobulinuria, provocked by exercise, Increased muscle TG's |
|
Definition
| Myopathic Carnitine Acyltransferase Deficiency (CAT/CPT) |
|
|
Term
| polyuria, dehydration, sweet fruity breath, CNS depression and coma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hexosaminidase A deficiency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| GM2 ganglioside accumulation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cherry red spots on macula |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most Common Lysosomal storage disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ß-Glucocerebrosidase deficiency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Glucocerebroside accumulation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hepatosplenomegaly in adulthood, bone erosions, pancytopenia/thrombocytopenia and macrophages that resemble "crumpled paper" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| alpha-galactosidase A deficiency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ceramide trihexoside accumulation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Burning sensation in hands, angiokeratomas, cloudiness in cornea, peripheral neuropathy, renal failure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sphingomyelinase deficiency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sphingomyelin accumulation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| progressive neurodegenberation, microcephaly, severe mental retardation, hepatosplenomegaly, cherry red spots on macula |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Galactocerebrosidase deficiency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Galactocerebroside accumulation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Developmental delay, peripheral neuropathy, optic atrophy, globoid cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| arylsulfatase A deficiency |
|
Definition
| Metachromatic Leukodystrophy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Metachromatic Leukodystrophy |
|
|
Term
| ataxia, dementia, seizures, with sulfatide accumulation |
|
Definition
| Metachromatic Leukodystrophy |
|
|
Term
| alpha-L-iduronidase deficiency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| heparan sulfate and deratan sulfate accumulation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| gargoylism, corneal clouding, hepatosplenomegaly, airway obstruciton, and developmental delay |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Iduronate sulfatase deficiency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| heparan sulfate accumulation and dermatan sulfate accumulation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| developmental delay, gargoylism, airway obstruction, hepatosplenomegaly, agressive behavior (no corneal clouding) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Treatment for Hyperammonemia |
|
Definition
IV benzoate
Oral phenylbutyrate
Lactuloase |
|
|
Term
| Defect in phenylalanine hydroxylase or tetrahydrobiopterin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| mental and groth retardation + musty body odor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Deficiency of homogentisic acid oxidase |
|
Definition
| Alkaptonuria (Ochronosis) |
|
|
Term
| dark CT, brown sclera, black urine if exposed to air, arthlagia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tyrosinase deficiency or defective tyrosine transporters |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase deficiency |
|
Definition
| Maplee Syrup Urine Disease |
|
|
Term
| Blocked degradation of Ile, Leu, Val |
|
Definition
| Maple Syrup Urine disease |
|
|
Term
| Marfanoid features _ spontaneous thromboembolism |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
AA responsible for forming...
-Thyroid hormone
-melanin
-catecholamines |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
AA responsible for forming...
-Serotonin
-NAD
-NADP |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
AA responsible for forming...
-Heme |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
AA responsible for forming...
-GABA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
AA responsible for forming...
-NO |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
AA responsible for forming...
-Histamine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Porphobilinogen deaminase deficiency |
|
Definition
| Acute Intermittent Porphyria |
|
|
Term
| port-wine urine with ALA and PBG |
|
Definition
| Acute Intermittent Porphyria |
|
|
Term
| Uroporphyrinogen decarbyylase deficiency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| photosensitivity, skin inflammation, cirrhosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ferrochelatase and ALA dehydratase |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Absent UDP-glucuronyl transferase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mild decreased UDP-glucuronyl transferase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Reltion between...
Hodgkin's lymphoma
Burkitt's lymphoma
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
HHAPPPPy
Hepadna
Herpes
Adeno
Pox
Parvo
Papilloma
Polyoma |
|
|
Term
| Naked (non-enveloped) viruses |
|
Definition
give PAPP smear and CPR to naked Heppy
Papillomavirus
Adenovirus
Picornavirus
Polyomavirus
Calcivirus
Parvovirus
Reovirus
Hepevirus |
|
|
Term
| Prevent release of GABA and glycine NTs in spinal cord leading to rigid paralysis |
|
Definition
| Clostridium Tetani (Tetanospasmin) |
|
|
Term
| Prevent release of ACh in neuromuscular junctions leading to flaccid paralysis |
|
Definition
| Clostridium botulinum (Botulinum toxin) |
|
|
Term
| Overactivates adenylate cyclase (cAMP) by disbaling Gi, impairing phagocytosis and permitting survival of microbe |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tumbling motility seen on microscope |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Oral facial abscesses with yellow granules trated w/ PCN |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Drug regiment for Tuberculoid form of Leprosy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Drug regiment for Lepromatous form of Leprosy |
|
Definition
Dapsone
Rifampin
Clofazimine |
|
|
Term
| Trauma of skeletal muscle converting to bone |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Streak ovary (due to hypoplasia) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classical triad of abdominal pain, ascites and hepatomegaly |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic appearance cherry red appearance of skin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic causes of methemoglobinemia |
|
Definition
| oxidant stresses (Sulfa and nitrates) & newborns |
|
|
Term
| Cyanosis with chocalate-colored blood |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Treatment for Methemoglobenemia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Loss of nucleus (hallmark of cell death) occurs through these stage |
|
Definition
Pyknosis
Karyorrhexis
Karyolysis |
|
|
Term
| Liquefactive necrosis classically seen in (3) |
|
Definition
1) brain infarction
2) abscess
3) pancreatitis |
|
|
Term
| Ischemia of lower limb and GI tract result in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bright pink staining of blood vessel wall |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Characteristic diseases of Fibrinoid necrosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Key mediator of apoptosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Normal regulator of cytochrome C |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Decreased production of apolipoproteins leads this change in liver |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Congo red staining and apple-green birefringence characteristic of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Systemic deposition of AL amyloid derived from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| AR dysfunction of neutrophils |
|
Definition
| Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF( |
|
|
Term
| Episodes of fever and acute serosal inflammation with AA amylod deposit |
|
Definition
| Familial Mediterranean Fever |
|
|
Term
Nephrotic syndrome
Restrictive cardiomyopathy or arrhythmia
Tongue enlargement, malabsorption, and hepatosplenomegaly |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Diagnosis and Treatment of Systemic amyloidosis |
|
Definition
Tissue biopsy (congo red staining and apple-green birefringence)
transplant of damaged organ |
|
|
Term
| Non-mutated serum transthyretin deposited in heart |
|
Definition
| Senile Cardiac Amyloidosis |
|
|
Term
| Mutated serum transthyretin deposited in heart leading to restrictive cardiomyopathy |
|
Definition
| Familial amyloid cardiomyopathy |
|
|
Term
| Aß amyloid; chromosome 21 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ß2-microglobulin deposits in joints |
|
Definition
| Dialysis-associated amyloidosis |
|
|
Term
| Tumor cells in amyloid background from thyroid mass |
|
Definition
| Medullary carcinoma of thyroid |
|
|
Term
| CD found on macrophages that recognize LPS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) C5a
2) LTB4
3) Il-8
4) bacterial products |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) tissue trauma
2) complement proteins C3a and C5a
3) cross-linking of cell-surface IgE by antigen |
|
|
Term
| Second phase of mast cell response mediated by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
PGE2 (Fever too)
Bradykinin (vasodilation & increased vascular permeability) |
|
|
Term
| Key mediators of vasodilation (rubor and calor) |
|
Definition
1) histamine
2) prostaglandins
3) bradykinins |
|
|
Term
| Key mediators of swelling in acute inflammation |
|
Definition
1) histamine
2) tissue damage |
|
|
Term
| Neutrophil entry occurs at this location of vasodilation... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Released from Weibel-Palade bodies in response to histamine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Factor on leukocytes that bind selectins to initiate rolling |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Upregulators of ICAM and VCAM on endothelial cells for neutrophil adhesion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Upregulators of Integrins on eleukocytes for neutrophil adhesion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| AR defect of integrins (CD18) |
|
Definition
| Leukocyte Adhesion deficiency |
|
|
Term
Delayed umbilical cord separation
Increased circulating neutrophils
Recurrent bacterial infections with NO pus formation |
|
Definition
| Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency (CD19) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| AR protein trafficking defect characterized by impaired phagolysosome formation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Increased pyogenic infections
Neutropenia
Giant granules in leukocytes
Defective primary hemostasis
Albinism
Peripheral neuropathy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| NADPH oxidase defect (AR or XL) |
|
Definition
| Chronic Granulomatous disease (CGD) |
|
|
Term
Recurrent infections with granuloma formation esp from
Staph. aureus, Pseudomonas cepacia, Serratia marcescens, Nocardia, and Aspergillus |
|
Definition
| Chronic Granulomatous disease (CGD) |
|
|
Term
| Screening test for Chronic Granulomatous disease (CGD) |
|
Definition
| Nitroblue Tetrazolium test (NBT dye) |
|
|
Term
| Increased Candida infections NBT test normal |
|
Definition
| MPO deficiency (cant convert H2O2 to HOCl) |
|
|
Term
| O2 independent killing mediated by... |
|
Definition
1) lysozyme in macrophages
2) major basic protein in eosinophils |
|
|
Term
| Anti-inflammatories produced by macrophages for resolution and healing after acute inflammation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cytokine produced by macrophages to continue acute inflammation (pus formation) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
IL-2 (T cell growth factor and CD8+ T cell activator)
IFN-gamma (Macrophage activator) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
IL-4 (B cell class switching to IgG and IgE)
IL-5 (eosinophil chemotaxis, activation, maturation of B cells to plasma cells, and class switching to IgA)
IL-10 (Inhibits Th1 phenotype) |
|
|
Term
| Key cellular characteristic of granuloma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| LAD in neck with non-caseating granuloma in stellate formation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Non-caseating granuloma DDx |
|
Definition
1) rxn to foreign material
2) cat scratch disease
3) Beryllium exposure
4) Sarcoidosis
5) Crohn disease |
|
|
Term
| DDx in caseating necrosis |
|
Definition
1) Tuberculosis
2) Fungal infections |
|
|
Term
| Cytokine that converts macrophage into epitheloid histiocyte and giant cells (hallmarks of granulomas) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) Cytokine receptor defects
2) Adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency
3) MHC class II deficiency |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) sterile isolation
2) stem cell transplant |
|
|
Term
| Mutation of Bruton tyrosine kinase |
|
Definition
| X-linked agammaglobulinemia |
|
|
Term
| 6 month baby presents with recurrent bacterial infections, enteroviruses (polio, coxsackievirus), and Giardia lamblia |
|
Definition
| X-linked agammaglobulinemia |
|
|
Term
| Treatment for Giardia lamblia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pt in late childhood presents with recurrent bacterial infections, enteroviruses (polio, coxsackievirus), and Giardia lamblia |
|
Definition
| Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) |
|
|
Term
| Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) increases risk for |
|
Definition
autoimmune disease
lymphoma |
|
|
Term
| Increased risk of mucosal (Gi etc infections esp viral) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| IgA Deficiency increased risk for |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Defect/Mutation in CD40L or CD40 receptor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Recurrent pyogenic infections and low IgA, IgG, and IgE |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mutation in WASP gene (X-linked) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Thrombocytopenia, Eczema, Infections (recurrent) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| C5-C9 deficiencies increased risk for |
|
Definition
| Neiserria infections (gonorrhea and meningitidis) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Edema of skin (esp;. periorbital) and mucosal surfaces |
|
Definition
| Hereditary angioedema (C1 inhibitor deficiency) |
|
|
Term
| Sterile deposits on both sides of valve (assoc. with SLE) |
|
Definition
| Libman-Sacks endocarditis |
|
|
Term
| Ab characteristic of drug-induced lupus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Common causes of drug-induced Lupus |
|
Definition
Hydralazine
Procainamide
Isoniazide |
|
|
Term
| Antibody leads to false-positive syphilis test |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Antibody that leads to falsely elevated PTT studies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Anticardiolipin and lupus anticoagulant characteristic of this subset of SLE |
|
Definition
| Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Older woman complains "Can't chew crackers, dirt in my eyes" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| target of anti-SS-A/Ro and anti-SS-B/La |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| anti-SS-A/Ro and anti-SS-B/La |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Unilateral enlargement of parotid gland late in disease course of Sjogren syndrome |
|
Definition
| B-cell(marginal zone) lymphoma |
|
|
Term
| Autoimmune destruction of what in Sjogren syndrome |
|
Definition
| lacrimal gland and parotid gland |
|
|
Term
| Most commonly affect organ in Diffuse Type Scleroderma |
|
Definition
| esophagus --> dysphagia of liquids and solids |
|
|
Term
| Diffuse type Scleroderma antibody |
|
Definition
| ANA and anti-DNA topoisomerase I (Scl-70) |
|
|
Term
| Localized type Scleroderma findings |
|
Definition
CREST Syndrome
Calcinosis and anti-Centromere Ab
Raynaud phenomenom
Sclerodactyly
Telangiestastis of skin |
|
|
Term
| Localized type Scleroderma antibody |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mixed COnnective Tissue Disease antibody |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Location of stem cells in small and large bowel |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Location of stem cells in skin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Marker for homatopoietic stem cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Permanent tissue that lacks regenerative potential |
|
Definition
myocardium
skeletal muscle
neurons |
|
|
Term
| 3 major tissues of granulation tissue |
|
Definition
Fibroblasts (type III collagen)
capillaries
myofibroblasts (contract wound) |
|
|
Term
| Cofactor for collagenase removes type III collagen in scar formation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mediators of angiogenesis |
|
Definition
FGF (Fibroblast Growth Factor)
VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) |
|
|
Term
| Cofactor in hydroxylation of proline and lysine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cofactor for lysyl oxidase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rupture of wound (typically after abdominal surgery) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Excess production of scar tissue localized to wound |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Excess production of scar tissue out of proportion to wound |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Excess collagen in Keloid |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Neoplasia 3 major features |
|
Definition
1) unregulated
2) irreversible
3) monoclonal |
|
|
Term
| Clonality can be determined by |
|
Definition
G6PD isoforms (females)
Androgen receptor isoforms (males) |
|
|
Term
| Clonality of B lymphocyes determined by |
|
Definition
| Ig light chain phenotype (normal kappa to lambda light chain ratio 3:1) |
|
|
Term
| Top 3 most common cancers by INCIDENCE |
|
Definition
1) Breast/prostate
2) Lung
3) Colorectal |
|
|
Term
| Top 3 most common cancers by MORTALITY |
|
Definition
1) Lung
2) Breast/ prostate
3) Colorectal |
|
|
Term
| Aflatoxins from Aspergillus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Alkylating agents (SE of chemotherapy) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1)Squamous cell carcinoma of oropharynx and upper esophagus
2) Pancreatic carcinoma
3) Hepatocellular carcinoma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) Squamous cell carcinoma of skin
2) Lung cancer
3) Angiosarcoma of liver |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) Lung carcinoma (more likely)
2) Mesothelioma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Carcinoma of
1) oropharynx
2) esophagus
3) lung
4) kidney
5) bladder |
|
|
Term
| Nitrosamines (smoked foods) |
|
Definition
| Stomach carcinoma (intestinal type) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Urothelial carcinoma of bladder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
2) Burkitt lyphoma
3) CNS lmyphoma in AIDs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma |
|
|
Term
| HPV 16, 18, 31, 33 cancer risk |
|
Definition
Squamous cell carcinoma of
1) vulva
2) vagina
3) anus
4) cervix
Adenocarcinoma of
5) cervix |
|
|
Term
| Ionizing radiation (radiotherapy and nuclear reactor accidents) |
|
Definition
1) AML
2) CML
3) Papillary carcinoma of thyroid |
|
|
Term
| Non-ionizing radiation (UVB of sunlight- most common) |
|
Definition
1) Basal cell carcinoma
2) Squamous cell carcinoma
3) Melanoma |
|
|
Term
| Notably carcinogenic agent in cigarette smoke |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) growth factors
2) growth factor receptors
3) signal transducers
4) nuclear regulators
5) cell cycle regulators |
|
|
Term
| PDGFB (Platelet-derived growth factor) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Epidermal growth factor receptor (breast carcinoma subset) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Gastrointestinal stromal tumor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small cell lung carcinoma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| CDK4 (cyclin dependent kinase) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Germline mutation of p53 increased risk for carcinomas and sarcomas |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unillateral retinoblastoma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Bilateral retinoblastoma
Osteosarcoma |
|
|
Term
| Normally stabalizes mitochondrial membrane, blocking release of cytochrome c |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| p53 upregulates this to disrupt Bcl2 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| lymphatic spread characteristic of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hematogenous spread characteristic of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| carcinomas that due hematogenous spread |
|
Definition
1) renal cell carcinoma
2) hepatocellular carcinoma
3) follicular carcinoma of thyroid
4) choriocarcinoma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Immunohistochemical stain for tumors... keratin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Immunohistochemical stain for tumors... vimentin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Immunohistochemical stain for tumors... Desmin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Immunohistochemical stain for tumors... GFAP |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Immunohistochemical stain for tumors... Neurofilament |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Immunohistochemical stain for tumors... PSA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Immunohistochemical stain for tumors... ER |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Immunohistochemical stain for tumors... Thyroglobulin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Immunohistochemical stain for tumors... Chromogranin |
|
Definition
| Neuroendocrine cells (small cell carcinoma of lung and carcinoid tumors) |
|
|
Term
| Immunohistochemical stain for tumors... S-100 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Transient vasoconstriction mediated by |
|
Definition
1) reflex neural stimulation
2) endothelin |
|
|
Term
| Primary hemostasis: Key clinical features |
|
Definition
| Mucosal and Skin bleeding |
|
|
Term
| Key sign of thrombocytopenia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Autoimmune production of IgG against platelet antigens |
|
Definition
| ITP (Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| TTP (Thrombocytopenic Purpura) |
|
|
Term
Skin and mucosal bleeding
Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
Fever
Renal insufficiency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Skin and mucosal bleeding
Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
Fever
CNS abnormalities |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Treatment for TTP (and HUS) |
|
Definition
| Plasmapheresis and corticosteroids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Enalrged platelets on blood smear |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Clinical features of secondary hemostasis disorders |
|
Definition
Deep tissue bleeding
Rebleeding after surgical procedures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hemophilia B (Christmas Disease) |
|
|
Term
| Decreased PTT; normal PT; normal platelet count and bleeding time; failed mixing study |
|
Definition
| coagulation factor inhibitor (anti-FVIII most common) |
|
|
Term
| Increased bleeding time; increased PTT; normal; abnormal ristocetin test |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Treatment for Von Willebrand Disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| test to follow liver failure and coagulation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Signs of thrombosis (PE) in pt that recently started heparin |
|
Definition
| HIT (Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia) |
|
|
Term
| Best screening product for DIC |
|
Definition
| D-dimer (will be elevated) |
|
|
Term
| decreased platelet count; elevated PT/PTT; decreased fibronogen; microangiopathic anemia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Treatment for Fibrinolysis disorders |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Increased PT/PTT; increased bleeding time; normal platelet count; increased fibrinogen split products; normal D-dimer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Major risk factors for thrombosis (Virchow triangle) |
|
Definition
1) disruption of blood flow
2) endothelial cell damage
3) hypercoagulable state |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) Lines of Zhan
2) attachment to vessel wall |
|
|
Term
| Cystathionine-ß synthase (CBS) deficiency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Vessel thrombosis
Mental retardation
Lens dislocation
Long slender fingers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic presentation in hypercoagulable state |
|
Definition
| recurrent DVTs or DVT at young age |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cholesterol clefts in embolus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pt with fractured bone presents with dyspnea and petechiae on skin overlying chest |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Multifocal ischemic necrosis of bone |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sudden death in Pulmonary Embolus/Infarction |
|
|
Term
| Squamous cells and keratin debris in embolus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 4 types of microcytic anemia |
|
Definition
1) iron deficiency anemia
2) Anemia of chronic disease
3) Sideroblastic anemia
4) Thalassemia |
|
|
Term
| Transporter of iron from duodenal enterocyte into blood |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Transports and delivers iron to liver and bone marrow |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Stored intracellular iron bound to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Iron deficiency anemia
Esophageal web (dysphagia)
atrophic glossitis (beefy red tongue) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cause of iron deficiency anemia in elderly in Western world |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cause of iron deficiency anemia in elderly in developing world |
|
Definition
| Hookworms (Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anemia of chronic disease |
|
|
Term
| Defective protoporphyrin synthesis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Common causes of acquired sideroblastic anemia |
|
Definition
Alcoholism
Lead poisoning
Vit B6 deficiency |
|
|
Term
| Thalassemias protected against |
|
Definition
| Plasmodium falciparum malaria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tetramer of gamma chains of Hb results in hydrops fetalis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tetramer of ß chains of globin seen in alpha thalasemia with 3 alpha genes deleted |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Crewcut apperance on x-ray |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| risk of aplastic crisis with Parvovirus B19 infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| autoimmune destruction of parietal cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) Pernicious anemia
2) Pancreatic insuffiency
3) Damage to terminal ileum (Crohn disease and Diphyllobothrium latum)
4) vegan diet |
|
|
Term
Spherocytes w/ loss of central pallor
Increase RDW and MCHC
Splenomegaly, jaundice |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Diagnostic test for Hereditary spherocytosis |
|
Definition
| osmotic fragility test (increased in hypotonic soln) |
|
|
Term
| Treatment for Hereditary spherocytosis |
|
Definition
| Splenectomy (spherocytes remain + Howell-Jolly bodies appear) |
|
|
Term
| Increased risk of sickling of cells |
|
Definition
1) hypoexmia
2) dehydration
3) acidosis |
|
|
Term
| Treatment for Sickle cell anemia |
|
Definition
| hydroxyurea (increases levels of HbF) |
|
|
Term
| Common presenting sign of sickle cell anemia in infants |
|
Definition
| Dactylitis (swollen hands and feet) |
|
|
Term
| Late finding in Sickle Cell trait |
|
Definition
| Decreased ability to concentrate urine due to renal medula microinfarctions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Glutamate to Lysine (E6K) |
|
|
Term
| Screening test to make HbS sickle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Acquired defect in myeloid stem cells resulting in absence of GPI (glycosylphosphatidylinositol) |
|
Definition
| Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria |
|
|
Term
| Tests for Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria |
|
Definition
Sucrose (screen)
Acidified serum (confirmatory) |
|
|
Term
| Complications of Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria |
|
Definition
Iron deficiency anemia
AML |
|
|
Term
| Main cause of death in Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria |
|
Definition
| thrombosis of hepatic, portal, or cerebral veins |
|
|
Term
| Causes of oxidative stress leading to complications in G6PD deficiency |
|
Definition
Infections
Drugs (primaquine, sulfa, and dapsone)
Fava beans |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Back pain and hemoglobinuria after taking TMP-SMX |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Screen test for G6PD deficiency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Warm Auto-Immune Hemolytic Anemia --> Ig? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cold Auto-Immune Hemolytic Anemia --> Ig? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Warm Auto-Immune Hemolytic Anemia causes |
|
Definition
1) SLE (most common)
2) CLL
3) Drugs (PCN, cephalosporins, alpha-methyldopa) |
|
|
Term
| Treatment of Warm Auto-Immune Hemolytic Anemia |
|
Definition
remove offending drug
steroids
IVIG
splenectomy |
|
|
Term
| Cold Auto-Immune Hemolytic Anemia associations |
|
Definition
1) mycoplasma pneumoniae
2) infectious mononucleosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia |
|
|
Term
| Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia causes |
|
Definition
1) Microthrombi (TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP)
2) Prosthetic heart valve
3) Aortic stenosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Anopheles mosquito (female) |
|
|
Term
| Pathologic process that replaces bone marrow |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pt with pancyopenia has biopsy of bone marrow revealing empty, fatty marrow |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Immature (left shift) neutrophils characterized by |
|
Definition
| Decreased Fc receptor (CD16) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) Allergic rxn
2) Parasitic infection
3) Hodgkin lymphoma (due to IN IL-5) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| CML (Chronic Myeloid Leukemia) |
|
|
Term
| Lymphocytic Leukocytosis causes |
|
Definition
1) viral infections
2) Bordatella pertussis |
|
|
Term
| Pt presents with pharyngitis, fatigue, generalized LAD, and splenomegaly with High WBC with atypical lymphocytes |
|
Definition
| Infectious Mononucleosis (EBV) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| >20% blasts in bone marrow |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Classic markers seen in B-ALL |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Subtype of B-ALL seen in children with good prognosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Subtype of B-ALL seen in adults with good prognosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Acute Lymphoblastic Lymphoma cell markers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Thymic mass in teenager; Bone marrow biopsy shows >20% blasts |
|
Definition
| Acute Lymphoblastic Lymphoma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) |
|
|
Term
| Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) treatment |
|
Definition
| ATRA (all-trans-retinoic acid) |
|
|
Term
| Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL) disruption of |
|
Definition
| Retinoic acid receptor (RAR) on chromosome 17 |
|
|
Term
| Proliferation of monoblasts with gum infiltration/ swelling |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Leukemia associated with Down Syndrome before age of 5 |
|
Definition
| Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia |
|
|
Term
| Pt previously treated for cancer. Presents with cytopenia, hypercellular bone marrow increased blasts <20% |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| CLL (Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia) cell markers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| CLL (Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia) |
|
|
Term
| Complications of CLL (Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia) |
|
Definition
1) Hypogammaglobulinemia
2) Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
3) transformation to Diffuse largeB-cell lymphoma |
|
|
Term
| Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hairy Cell Leukemia treatment |
|
Definition
| 2-CDA (cladribine) --> adenosine deaminase inhibitor |
|
|
Term
| Pt presents with splenomegaly and Bone Marrow tap is dry |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Pr presents w/
lytic bone lesions
hypercalcemia
rash
LAD
HSM |
|
Definition
| Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL) |
|
|
Term
| Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATLL) association |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) Polycythemia Vera (PV)
2) Essential Thrombocythemia (ET)
3) Myelofibrosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pt presents with blurry vision and headache; face is flushed; pt comments on itchiness after bathing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) chronic inflammation
2) metastatic carcinoma
3) Lymphoma |
|
|
Term
| LAD w/ follicular hyperplasia- DDx |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| LAD w/ paracortical hyperplasia- DDx |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| LAD w/ sinus histiocyte hyperplasia (medulla)- DDx |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Treatment for symptomatic Follicular Lymphoma |
|
Definition
1) Chemotherapy
2) Rituximab |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Marginal Zone Lymphoma Associations |
|
Definition
chronic inflammatory states
1) Hashimoto thyroiditis
2) Sjogren syndrome (enlargemtn of parotid gland)
3) H. pylori gastritis (MALToma) |
|
|
Term
| Burkitt Lymphoma African form found |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Burkitt Lymphoma Sporadic form found |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Neoplastic proliferation of large B-cells growing diffusely in sheets |
|
Definition
| Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma |
|
|
Term
| Follicular lymphoma can transform to |
|
Definition
| Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma |
|
|
Term
| Hodgkin Lymphoma cell markers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lymph node divided by large bands of sclerosis with RS cells in lake-like spaces |
|
Definition
| Nodular Sclerosis Hodgkin Lymphoma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Best prognosis in Hodgkin Lymphoma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Worst prognosis in Hodgkin Lymphoma |
|
Definition
| Lymphocyte-depleted (elderly and HIV) |
|
|
Term
| RS cells with abundant eosinophils |
|
Definition
| Mixed Cellularity Hodgkin Lymphoma |
|
|
Term
| Multiple Myeloma associ with IL-? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lytic lesion on skull x-ray with bone pain and hypercalcemia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rouleaux formation of RBCs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| M spike on SPEP lacking other signs of Multiple Myeloma |
|
Definition
| MGUS (Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance) |
|
|
Term
LAD with M spike on SPEP
No lytic lesions on bone
Visual and neurological defects
bleeding |
|
Definition
| Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia |
|
|
Term
| Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia treatment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Birbeck (tennis racket) granules |
|
Definition
| Langerhans cell histiocytosis |
|
|
Term
| Langerhans cell histiocytosis cell markers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pathologic fracture of bone in child with Langerhans cells with mixed inflammatory cells including eosionophils |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Child scalp rash, lytic skull defects, diabetes insipidus, and exopthalmus |
|
Definition
| Hand-Schuller-Christain Disease (malignant proliferation of langerhan cells) |
|
|
Term
| Infant (<2) with skin rash and cystic skeletal defects |
|
Definition
| Letterer-Siwe Disease (malignant proliferation of langerhan cells) |
|
|
Term
| Temporal arteritis flu-like symptoms and joint and muscle pain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Treatment for Temporal (Giant cell) arteritis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Biopsy of malignant Temporal Arteritis |
|
Definition
| inflammed vessel wall with giant cells (granulomatous) and intimal fibrosis |
|
|
Term
| 30 y.o. Asian female with visual disturbances and weak pulsees in upper extremities |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| strings of pearls on imaging |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Polyarteritis Nodosa assoc. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Polyarteritis Nodosa treatment |
|
Definition
cortiosteroids
cyclophosphamide |
|
|
Term
| Polyarteritis Nodosa histology finding |
|
Definition
| transmural inflammation with Fibrinoid necrosis |
|
|
Term
| 3 y.o. Asian boy with fever, conjunctivitis, erythematous rash of palms and soles, enlarged cervical LAD |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Kawasaki Disease complication |
|
Definition
Coronary artery involvement
1) thrombosis and MI
2) aneurysm with rupture |
|
|
Term
| treatment for Kawasaki Disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Smoker with complaint of ulcers on fingers; in past dx w/ Raynaud phenomenon |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Middle aged man presents with sinusitis, hemoptysis, and hematuria |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Biopsy of Wegener Granulomatosis reveals |
|
Definition
| large necrotizing granulomas with adjacent necrotizing vasculitis |
|
|
Term
| Treatment for Wegener Granulomatosis |
|
Definition
| Cyclophosphamide and steroids |
|
|
Term
| Type of renal disorder seen in Wegener Granulomatosis |
|
Definition
| Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) Microscopic Polyangiitis
2) Churg-Strauss Syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Wegener Granulomatosis affects these sites |
|
Definition
1) nasopharynx
2) lung
3) kidney |
|
|
Term
| Microscopic Polyangiitis affects these sites |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Features that distinguish
1) Microscopic Polyangiitis
2) Churg-Strauss Syndrome |
|
Definition
Churg-Strauss pts have
1) asthma
2) peripheral eosinophila
3) biopsy shows necrotixing granulomatous inflammation with eosinophils |
|
|
Term
| Child presents with rash on butt and legs last week child had Upper respiratory tract infection that resolved |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Henoch-Scholein Purpura assoc. renal pathology |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Vasculitis due to IgA immune complex deposition |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Renal Artery Stenosis causes |
|
Definition
1) Atherosclerosis (elderly male)
2) Fibromuscular dysplasia (young female) |
|
|
Term
| Most commonly involved arteries in atherosclerosis |
|
Definition
1) abdominal aorta
2) coronary artery
3) popliteal artery
4) internal carotid artery |
|
|
Term
| 4 modifiable risk factors for atherosclerosis |
|
Definition
1) HTN
2) Hypercholesterolemia
3) Smoking
4) Diabetes |
|
|
Term
| Complications of Atherosclerosis |
|
Definition
1) Stenosis
a. Peripheral vascular disease (popliteal artery)
b. Angina (coronary arteries)
c. Ischemic bowel disease (mesenteric arteries)
2) Plaque rupture with thrombosis
a. MI
b. Stroke
3) PLaque rupture and embolization
4) Aneurysm due to weakening of vessel wall |
|
|
Term
| Causes of Hyaline Arteriolosclerosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Complications of Hyaline Arteriolosclerosis |
|
Definition
| Arteriolonephroslcerosis --> chronic renal failure |
|
|
Term
| Thickening of blood vessel wall by smooth muscle hyperplasia |
|
Definition
| Hyperplastic Arteriolosclerosis |
|
|
Term
| onion skin appearance of blood vesels |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cause of Hyperplastic Arteriolosclerosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Calcification of blood vessels in mammogram |
|
Definition
| Monckeberg Medial Calcific Sclerosis (benign) |
|
|
Term
| Inherited defects with risk of aortic dissection |
|
Definition
1) Marfan syndrome
2) Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Pt presents with sharp tearing chest pain that radiates to the back, what are the complications |
|
Definition
Aortic Dissection
1) pericardial tamponade
2) fatal hemorrhage
3) Obstruction of branching arteries |
|
|
Term
| Tree-bark appearance of aorta |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cause of Thoracic aneurysm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Major complication of thoracic aneurysm |
|
Definition
| aortic valve insufficiency |
|
|
Term
| 65 yo male smoker presents with pulsatile abdominal mass |
|
Definition
| Abdominal aortic Aneurysm |
|
|
Term
| Cause of Abdominal aortic Aneurysm |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Child presents with red mass on skin; blanches w/ finger pressure |
|
Definition
| Hemangioma (resolves on own) |
|
|
Term
| Malignant proliferation of endothelial cells |
|
Definition
1) Angiosarcoma
2) Kaposi Sarcoma |
|
|
Term
| Liver Angiosarcoma assoc. |
|
Definition
1) Polyvinyl chloride
2) arsenic
3) Thorotrast |
|
|
Term
| Kaposi Sarcoma seen in... |
|
Definition
1) Older eastern european males
2) HIV pts
3) Transplant recipients |
|
|
Term
| Complications of Fibrinolysis or Angioplasty in MI |
|
Definition
1) Contraction band necrosis
2) Reperfusion injury |
|
|
Term
| Transmitter of Vancomycin resistance in Staph. aureus and Imipenem resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Defect in transporter of large neutral amino acids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Diarrhea, Dementia, Dermatitis with proteinuria |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Median nerve innervates what part of thumb |
|
Definition
| thenar group for oppose, flex, abduct, and rotate |
|
|
Term
| Ulnar nerve innervates what part of thumb |
|
Definition
| Adduction --> Adductor pollicis |
|
|
Term
| Radial nerve innervates what part of thumb |
|
Definition
| Extension --> extensor pollicis longus and brevis |
|
|
Term
| Treatment for Bacillus anthracis |
|
Definition
| Ciprofloxacin or Doxycycline |
|
|
Term
| Hypotension, weakness, hyperpigmentation, and hyperkalemia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hypertension, hypernatremia, hypokalemia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Genotypic male with feminized external genitalia and normal male reproductive tract |
|
Definition
| 5-alpha reductase defcieincy |
|
|
Term
| Cowdry Type A inclusion bodies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Major Complication in first 4 hrs after MI |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Major Complication in first 24 hrs after MI |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Major Complication in first 1-3 days after MI |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Major Complication in first 4-7 days after MI |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Major complication months after MI |
|
Definition
1) Aneurysm
2) Mural thrombus
3) Dressler syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Pericarditis 6-8 weeks after MI |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Left-sided CHF histology finding in alveoli |
|
Definition
| Hemosiderin-laden macrophages (Heart-failure cells) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Down Syndrome assoc. w/ this heart defect |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Baby with split S2 on auscultation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) assoc. w/ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Child with holosystolic 'machine-like' murmur |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Indomethacin (reduces PGE) |
|
|
Term
| Boot-shaped heart on x-ray in child |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tetralogy of Fallot findings |
|
Definition
1) stenosis of right ventricular outflow tract (pulmonary artery)
2) VSD
3) Aorta overriding VSD
4) Ventricular hypertrophy |
|
|
Term
| Transposition of Great Vessels assoc. w/ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lower extremity cyanosis in pt w/ Turner Syndrome |
|
Definition
| Coarction of the Aorta (infantile form) |
|
|
Term
| Location of Coarction of aorta in infantile form |
|
Definition
distal to aortic arch
proximal to PDA |
|
|
Term
| Coarction of aorta (adult form) assoc w/ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Notching of ribs on x-ray |
|
Definition
| Coarction of aorta (adult form) |
|
|
Term
HTN in upper extermities
Hypotension in lower extremities w/ weak pulses |
|
Definition
| Coarction of aorta (adult form) |
|
|
Term
| Acute Rheumatic Fever complication of |
|
Definition
| Group A ß-hemolytic streptococci (streptococcal pharyngitis) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Acute Rheumatic Fever
J-oints (migratory polyarthtitis)
O- Heart- Pancarditis
N-odules- Subcutaneous nodules
E-rythema marginatum
S-yenham chorea |
|
|
Term
| Lab Tests to confirm group A ß-hemolytic streptococci |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fish-mouth appearance of mitral valve |
|
Definition
| Chronic Rheumatic Heart Disease |
|
|
Term
| Complications of Chronic Rheumatic Heart Disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1) Fibrosis and calcification (old age)
2) Bicuspid aortic valve (younger age)
3) Chronic Rheumatic valve disease |
|
|
Term
| Systolic ejection click with crescendo-decrescendo murmur |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Complications of Aortic Stenosis |
|
Definition
1) LVH
2) Angina and syncope w/ exertion
3) Microangiopathic anemia |
|
|
Term
| Early blowing diastolic murmur |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pt presents with wide pulse pressures, pulsating nail bed (Quincke pulse), bounding pulse (water-hammer pulse), and head bobbing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Myxoid degeneration of valve |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mitral Valve Prolapse assoc. |
|
Definition
Marfan Syndrome
Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Complications of Mitral Valve prolapse |
|
Definition
1) infectious endocarditis
2) arrhythmia
2) severe mitral regurgitation |
|
|
Term
| Causes of Mitral Valve Regurgitation |
|
Definition
1) Mitral Valve Prolapse
2) LV dilatation
3) infectious endocarditis
4) acute rheumatic heart disease
5) papillary muscle rupture after MI |
|
|
Term
| Holosystolic "blowing" murmur louder with squatting |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Opening snap followed by diastolic rumble and expiration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Complications of Mitral Stenosis |
|
Definition
Volume overload leads to
1) pulmonary congestion
2) pulmonary HTN
3) atrial fibrillation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| endocarditis of prosthetic valves |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| endocarditis in pts w/ colorectal cancer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Endocarditis in pts w/ negative blood culture |
|
Definition
HACEK organisms
Haemophilus
Actinobacillus
Cardiobacterium
Eikenella
Kingella |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Valve destroyed by Staph. aureus endocarditis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pt presents w/ fever, murmur, janeway lesions, and anemia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sterile vegetations on both sides of mitral valve |
|
Definition
| Libman-Sacks Endocarditis |
|
|
Term
| Lymphocytic infiltrate of myocardium |
|
Definition
| Myocarditis due to Coxsackei A or B |
|
|
Term
| Sudden death in young athlete |
|
Definition
| Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy |
|
|
Term
| Myofiber hypertrophy w/ disarray |
|
Definition
| Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy |
|
|
Term
| Genetic mutations in sarcomere proteins |
|
Definition
| Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy |
|
|
Term
| Pt presents with CHF; low-voltage EKG with diminished GRS amplitude |
|
Definition
| Restrictive cardiomyopathy |
|
|
Term
| Causes of Restrictive cardiomyopathy |
|
Definition
1) amyloidosis
2) sarcoidosis
3) hemochromatosis
4) Endocardial fibroelastosis
5) Loeffler syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Benign mesenchymal tumor with gelatinous appearance and abundant ground substance found in left atrium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Benign hamartoma of cardiac muscle in child |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Common causes of metastatic tumors in heart |
|
Definition
breast
lung
melanoma
lymhoma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Metastatic tumor of heart presents as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Codman's triangle (elevation of periosteum) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| anaplastic small blue cell malignant tumor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cancer assoc. w/ Sjogren's |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Chinese male presents with cervical LAD; biopsy shows pleomorphic keratin-positive epithelial cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Child presents with hig fever, sore throat, drooling with dysphagia, muffled voice, and inspiratory stridor |
|
Definition
| Acute epiglottitis (H.iB) |
|
|
Term
| child presents with hoarse, barking cough, and inspiratory stridor |
|
Definition
| Laryngotracheobronchitis (Croup) -- parainfluenza virus |
|
|
Term
| Benign papillary tumor of vocal cord |
|
Definition
| Laryngeal papilloma (HPV 6 &11) |
|
|
Term
| Risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma |
|
Definition
Alcohol
Tobacco
Laryngeal papilloma (rare) |
|
|
Term
| Negative sense RNA viruses (can't complete life cycle w/o there own polymerases) |
|
Definition
Arenaviruses
Bunyaviruses
Paramyxomviruses
Orthamyxoviruses
currantFilovirus
Rhabdoviruses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Scattered patchy consolidation centered around bronchioles; often multifocal and bilateral |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pneumonia in cystic fibrosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pneumonia (atypical) posttransplant pt |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pneumonia with high fever in a farmer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Side effects of Bisphosphanates (-dronates) |
|
Definition
Corrosive esophagitis
osteonecrosis of jaw |
|
|
Term
| Drug used to diagnose Myasthenia Gravis |
|
Definition
| Edrophonium (Tensilon test) |
|
|
Term
| antidote for atropine overdose |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Organophosphate poisoning antidote |
|
Definition
atropine
2-PAM (pralidoxime) |
|
|
Term
| Signs of organophosphate poisoning |
|
Definition
SLUDGE:
Salivation
Lacrimation
Urinating
Diapheresis (sweating)
GI motility (diarrhea)
Emesis |
|
|
Term
| Muscular rigidity, increased O2 consumption, increased CO2 production, tachycardia, fever |
|
Definition
| malignant hyperthermia (succinylcholine) |
|
|
Term
| treatment for malignant hyperthermia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| High animal fat diet associated with increased risk for |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Complications of Paget Bone Disease |
|
Definition
Osteosarcoma
pathological fractures
headaches
cranial nerve palsies
hearing loss
high output cardiac failure |
|
|
Term
| Mosaic patterns of bony spicules |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| First rise in serum estrogen in monthly cycle due to |
|
Definition
| granulosa cells of the ovarian follicle during follicular phase |
|
|
Term
| Second rise in serum estrogen in monthly cycle due to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Aneurysm of aortic root assoc with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Berry aneurysms assoc with |
|
Definition
| Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease |
|
|
Term
| 55 y.o. pt presents with progressive renal failure, heamturia, HTN, renal stones, cysts in kidneys and liver |
|
Definition
| Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease |
|
|
Term
| Breast feeding mother presents with erythematous breast with purulent nipple discharge |
|
Definition
| Acute Mastitis (Staph. aureus) |
|
|
Term
| treatment for acute mastitis |
|
Definition
1) continued drainage
2) dicloxacillin |
|
|
Term
| Female smoker presents with subareolar mass with nipple retraction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pathophysiology of periductal mastitis |
|
Definition
| Smoking causes relative Vit A deficiency results in metaplasia of alctiferous ducts leading to blockage and inflammation |
|
|
Term
| Green-brown nipple discharge |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Abnormal calcification on mamography; biopsy shows necrosis with calcification and giant cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Bloody nipple discharge in premenopausal woman |
|
Definition
Intraductal papilloma
DDx:
Papillary carcinoma |
|
|
Term
| Histological difference between Intraductal Papilloma & Papillary carcinoma |
|
Definition
Intraductal Papilloma: fibrovascular projections lined by epithelial (luminal) cells AND myopethithelial cells
Papillary carcinoma: fibrovascular projections lined by epithelial (luminal) cells WITHOUT underlying myopethithelial cells |
|
|
Term
| Premenopausal woman presents with well-circumscribed, mobile, marble like mass in her breast |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Breast biopsy shows a 'leaf-like' projection overgrowth of fibrous tissue with glands |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Patient presents with nipple ulceration and erythema; not currently breast feeding |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| BRCA1 asscoaited breast cancer |
|
Definition
| Medullary Carcinoma (Subtype of Invasive ductal carcinoma) |
|
|
Term
| Women presents with inflammed, swollen breast. No response to antibiotic treatment |
|
Definition
| Inflammatory carcinoma (biopsy to confirm carcinoma in dermal lymphatics) |
|
|
Term
| Treatment for Lobular Carcinoma In Situ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Dyscohesive cells lacking E-cadherin |
|
Definition
| Lobular Carcinoma In Situ (LCIS) |
|
|
Term
| Biopsy characteristic of Invasive Lobular Carcinoma |
|
Definition
| Growth in a single-file pattern (lack of E-cadherin) signet ring morphology |
|
|
Term
| Most important predicitive factors in breast cancer |
|
Definition
1) ER
2) PR
3) HER2/neu gene amplification |
|
|
Term
| Most important predicitive factors in breast cancer |
|
Definition
1) ER
2) PR
3) HER2/neu gene amplification |
|
|
Term
| Risk factors for male breast cancer |
|
Definition
BRCA2
Klinefelter syndrome |
|
|
Term
| Features suggestive of hereditary breast cancer |
|
Definition
1) multiple first-degree relatives
2) tumor at an early age
3) multiple tumors in a single patient |
|
|
Term
| Subtypes of Invasive Ductal Carcinoma |
|
Definition
1) Tubular Carcinoma
2) Mucinous carcinoma
3) Medullary carcinoma
4) Inflammatory Carcinoma |
|
|
Term
| Histological characteristics of Invasive Ductal Carcinoma |
|
Definition
| duct-like structures in a desmoplastic stroma |
|
|
Term
| Gram-negative bacillus requiring factors X and V |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gram-negative oxidase negative, non-lastoce fermenting bacillus |
|
Definition
| Enterobacteriaceae (Shigella, Yersinia, Proteus, and Salmonella) |
|
|
Term
| gram-positive, catalase negative, alpha-hemolytic coccus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| gram-positive, catalase negative, beta-hemolytic |
|
Definition
| Strep. pyogenes and Strep. agalactiae |
|
|
Term
| gram-negative, oxidase positive bacillus that produces blue-green pigments |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Painful superficial oral ulceration with grayish base surrounded by eryhtema |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Reccurent aphthous ulcers, genital ulcers, and uveitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| White plaque in mouth that can not be scraped away |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| White plaque on lateral sides on tongue in pt with HIV |
|
Definition
| Hairy leukoplakia (EBV -induced) |
|
|
Term
| Leukoplakia and erythroplakia are at risk for |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Person present seiyh mobile, painless mass in at the angle of the jaw |
|
Definition
| Pleomorphic adenoma (benign tumor composed of stromal and epithelial tissue) |
|
|
Term
| Benign cystic tumor with abundant lymphocytes and germinal centers in parotid gland |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Malignant tumor of mucinous and squamous cells in the parotid gland which can lead to facial nerve palsy |
|
Definition
|
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