Term
| Law of Conservation of Mass |
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Definition
| mass is niether creater nor destroyed during ordinary chemical reactions or physical changes |
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| Law of Definite Proportions |
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Definition
| Chemical compounds contain the same elements in exactly the same proportions by mass reagrdless of the size of the sample or source of the compound |
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Term
| Law of Multiple Proportions |
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Definition
| Two or more different compounds are composed of the smae two elements then the ratio of the masses of the second element combined with a certain mass of the first element is always a ration of small whole numbers |
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Definition
| Smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical properties of that element |
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Definition
| short-range proton-neutron, proton-proton, and neutron-neutron forces that hold the nuclear particles together |
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| number of protons of each atom of that element |
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Definition
| Weighted average of the atomic masses of the naturally occuring isotopes of an element |
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Definition
| 6.022 x 10^23 number of particles in one mole of a pure substance |
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| Atoms of the same element that have different masses (different number of neutrons) |
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| Total number of protons and neutrons that make up the nucleus of an isotope |
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Definition
| Mass of one mole of a pure substance i |
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Definition
| amount of substance that contains as many particles as there are exactly 12 g of carbon-12 |
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Definition
| term for a specific isotope of an element |
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Term
| electromagnetic radiation |
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Definition
form of energy that exhibits wavelike behavior as it travles through space Ex: X Rays, Ultaviolet, Infared, Microwaves, and Radiowaves |
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Definition
| All the forms of electromagnetic radiation make this up |
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Definition
| the emission of a continous range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation |
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Definition
| state in which an atom has a higher potential energy than in its ground state |
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Definition
| defined as the number of waves that oass a given point in a specific time, usually one second |
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Definition
| lowest energy state of an atom |
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Definition
| when a narrow beam of the emitted light was shined through a prism it was seperated into four specific colors of the visible spectrum |
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Definition
| Refers the emission of electrons from a metal when light shines on the metal |
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Term
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Definition
| Particle of Electromagnetic radiaiton having sero mass and carrying a quantum of energy |
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Definition
| Minimum quantity of energy that can be lost or gained by an atom |
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Definition
| Distance between corresponding points on adjacent waves |
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Term
| Angular Momentum Quantum Number |
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Definition
| symbolized by l, indicates the sahpe of the orbital |
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Term
| Heisenberg Uncertainity Principle |
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Definition
| States that it is impossible to determine simultaneously both the position and velocity og an electron or any other particle |
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Term
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Definition
| symbolized by m, indicates the orientation of an orbital around the nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
| three-dimensional region around the nucleus that indicates the probable location of an electron |
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Definition
| symbolized by n, indicates the main energy level ocupied by the electrons |
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Definition
| Specify the properties of atomic orbitals and the properties of electrons in orbitals |
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Definition
| Describes mathematically the wave properties of electrons and other very small particles |
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Definition
| Only two possible values (+.5, -.5) indicates the two fundamental spin states of an electron in a orbital |
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Definition
| An electron occupies the lowest-energy orbital it can receive |
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Definition
| arrangement of elctrons in an atom, lowest energy arrangement |
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Definition
| Electron containing main energy level with the highest principal quantum number |
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Definition
| Orbitals of equal energy are each occupied by one electron before any orbital is occupied by a second electron, and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals must have the same spin state |
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Term
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Definition
| Electrons that are not in the highest-occupied energy level |
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Definition
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Term
| Pauli Exclusion Principle |
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Definition
| No two electrons in the same atom can have the smae set of four quantum numbers |
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Term
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Definition
| unoccupied orbital = _ with name written underneath it; orbital with one or more electron has an arrow representing each seperate electron |
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