Term
| 3 types of mycobacter organisms |
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Definition
mycobacter tb
mycobacter leprosae
mycobacter avium intracellulare complex |
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Term
| what percent of the world's population is infected yearly with tuberculosis |
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Definition
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Term
| how many deaths annually from tb? |
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Definition
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Term
| what percent of the world's population is currently infected with tb? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| obligate thus it is in the lung |
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Term
| Tb is fast or slow growing? |
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Definition
| slow-difficult to culture |
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Term
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Definition
| acid fast...high lipid content of the cell wall. lightly gram positive |
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Term
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Definition
| usually confined to lung, asymptomatic, detected by PPD test. Ghon complex is a calcified granuloma in the middle or lower lung along with perihilar nodes which are calcified. |
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Term
| secondary or reactivated tuberculosis |
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Definition
m tuberculosis is notkilled by the host immune but rather walled off in granulomas.
Reactivation can happen |
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Term
| In what percent of people does tuberculosis never reactivate? |
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Definition
| 90 percent of people with a primary infection and no other risk factors never reactivate. |
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Term
| Diabetics have a ___ percent of secondary reactivation |
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Definition
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Term
| HIV/ silicosis patients have a ___ percent chance for reactivation |
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Definition
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Term
| Symptoms of secondary tuberculosis |
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Definition
| fever, weight loss, productive cough with yellow white sputum and hemoptysis. reactivation can occur in lung kidney cns bone elsewhere. |
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Term
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Definition
| millet seeds tubercles disseminated over body. |
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Term
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Definition
tb is common secondary infection to hivboth due to new and reinfections.
-faster
-worse
-no cavitation |
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Term
|
Definition
ppd-48-72 hours later
immuno compromised people may not respond to tb due to anergic t cells. |
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Term
|
Definition
5mm-+chest, immunosuppressed, close contact
10mm akk others
15 mm-low risk person 4 or older |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Is culture a good idea with tb |
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Definition
| would work but not well as it is a slow growing organis, |
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Term
| sputum smear used to detect TB? |
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Definition
| yes because it is fast and cheap, but it is not as sensitive as culture. |
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Term
| What stain should i use to diagnose tb? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| sputum and cultures negative |
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Definition
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Term
| sputum and or cultures positve |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| is a person with a positive ppd a tb case? |
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Definition
| no not if in latent state |
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Term
|
Definition
Rifampin Isoniazid Pyrazinamide Ethambutol
isoniazid
pyrazinamide
rifampin
ethambutol |
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Term
| SHould you identify and treat skin test positive people |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| debatable efficacty, causes skin test positivity. |
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Term
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Definition
political commitment
microscopy
uninterrupted supply of drugs
surveillance and monitoring
directly observed treatment for 6-8 months. |
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Term
| mycobacterium other than tb |
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Definition
not transmissible
only culture diagnosed
difficult to treat
not a public health con cern
no tracking systems |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| tuberculosis is in the top ___ infectious killers in the world |
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Definition
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Term
| right upper lobe infiltrate pneumonia with cavity? |
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Definition
| cavitatous upper r upper lobe pneumonia |
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Term
| Ziehl Neelson and Kinyoum stains |
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Definition
| stains used in past carbol fuschin mycolic acid uptake |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| required for dagnosis of tb |
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Term
| THey used to use lowenstein jensen agar and middlebrook agar, now they use |
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Definition
| bactec mgit-13 week average culture time |
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Term
| lowenstien jensen agar is |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| droplet nuclei from one person to another through air |
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Term
| once you inhale a droplet nuclei |
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Definition
enters the lung alveoli.
tubercle bacilli mutliply in the alveoli
small number of bacilli enter blood stream and establish infection in distant sites |
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Term
| 2-10 weeks after infection |
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Definition
we create the hard shell. if we control we are laten
otherwise active. |
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Term
| most common immunouppressive disease int he US |
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Definition
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Term
| outside exposure vs inside |
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Definition
| outside much better less risky |
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Term
| 8-10 active hours needed to |
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Definition
ensure transmission
can happen with less |
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Term
| most common location of tb |
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Definition
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Term
| more bacterial load youhave |
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Definition
| greater number of infectious droplets creted |
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Term
|
Definition
5-10 K bacilli/ml
sputum negative can still transfer |
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Term
| in hospital, how do we decrease chance of transmission? |
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Definition
| pump air outside wear mask |
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Term
| if you have never had tb you are more/less likely to get tb from a particular person than someone who has had tb |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| world average tb incidence |
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Definition
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Term
| where can you find high rates of tb |
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Definition
| immigrants, borders, natives |
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Term
|
Definition
bacillus calmette guerin
intradermal
used outside europe japan usa
less efficacy against adult than children |
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Term
| who do you want to screen for tb |
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Definition
congregate living
health care workers
active
latent tb |
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Term
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Definition
based on the production of interferon gamma by lymphocytes in response to TB antigens
not produced by bcg vaccine strains |
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Term
| varicella, hiv, tb, herpes |
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Definition
| can all hide in places to evade immune system |
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Term
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Definition
| fever, night chill, sweat, loss appetite, loss weight, easy tired, hemoptysis. |
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Term
|
Definition
9 months isoniazid
4 months ripamfin
inh and ripamfin 4 months |
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Term
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Definition
| 61-91 percent effective increase |
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Term
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Definition
ripe for 2 months
ir for 4 months |
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Term
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Definition
nontuberculous mycobacetium
mycobacterium other than tuberculosis |
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