Term
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Definition
1) Decision making
a. Decision making failures and successes
b. Naturalistic decision making
c. Types of decision making
2) Designing decision support systems
a. Approaches
b. Human error and expertise
3) Case study – computerized sepsis protocol |
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Term
| Decision Making - Definition |
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Definition
| • Making a judgment about a course of action that meets the needs of a situation |
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Term
| Naturalistic Decision making - Definition |
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Definition
| • Decision making by experienced practitioners in real-world setting |
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Term
| Types of decision making (3) |
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Definition
1) Rule
2) Choice
3) Creative |
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Term
| Types of Decision Making - Rule |
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Definition
o Matching appropriate procedures to a given situation
-Ex) standard operating procedures
o Pros:
-Good for novices
-Rapid if learned
-Predetermined course of action
-Easy to justify (just following instructions)
o Cons:
-Time consuming if need manual
-Difficult to continue if interrupted
-Rule not up to date
-Slow acquisition of expertise
-Can choose wrong rule |
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Term
| Types of Decision Making - Choice |
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Definition
o Action decision chosen from set of options
o Pros:
-Comprehensive consideration of alternative actions
-More likely to produce optimal sln
-Support tools
-Can be justified
o Cons:
-Requires knowledge of options
-Time consuming
-Not useful in distracting, noisy envrionments
-Cognitive overload |
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Term
| Types of Decision Making - Creative |
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Definition
o Involves creating a novel course of action in an unfamiliar situation
o Pros:
-Produces a solution for unfamiliar problem
-Innovative, inventive
o Cons:
-Time consuming
-Untested
-Difficult to justify |
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Term
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Definition
• Recognition primed decision making
o Simple recognition
o Uncertainty about the situation
o Uncertainty about the actions |
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Term
| Designing Good Decision Support Systems |
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Definition
• Joint cognitive systems
o Cooperative problem solving & distributed work
o Goal oriented, adaptive
o Uses knowledge about self environment to plan and modify actions
• Requires:
o Effective approaches to design
o Human factors considerations |
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Term
| Approaches to Design - Cognitive Task Analysis |
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Definition
o G(oals), O(perators), M(ethods), S(election) rules
-Focuses on operator cognitive performance
-Useful when tasking environment is well known |
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Term
| Approaches to Design - Work Domain Analysis |
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Definition
| o Focuses on operator cognitive performance |
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