Term
| what is located in the abdominal cavity? |
|
Definition
spleen
stomach
gull bladder
small intestine
large intestine
appendix
liver |
|
|
Term
| where is the abdominal cavity located? |
|
Definition
| below the diaphram above the hip bone |
|
|
Term
| that are the names of the 4 quadrants? |
|
Definition
right upper quadrant
right lower quadrant
left upper quadrant
left lower quadrant |
|
|
Term
| what are the names of the 9 quadrants? |
|
Definition
(R)hypochondriac,epigastric,(L)hypochondriac
(R) lumbar, umbilical, (L) lumbar
(R) inguinal, hypogastric, (L) inguinal |
|
|
Term
| how do you document abuse in the nursing note? |
|
Definition
| write the incjuries objectively on the patient & thier vitals always factual never personal |
|
|
Term
| how does diffusion work in regards to the respiratory system (the transfer of O2 and CO2)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
high concentration to low concentration
(there is no force to stop diffusion and particles distribute themselves evenly an example is how ink spreads in water) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| from low concentration to high concentration |
|
|
Term
| how does filtration work? |
|
Definition
| water and solutes move across capillary membranes driven by fluid pressure |
|
|
Term
| how does active transport work? |
|
Definition
| allows molecules to move across cell membrane into an area of higher solute concentration |
|
|
Term
| what do you do if someone is stuck with a dirty needle |
|
Definition
clean with soap and water
flush splashes to nose, mouth or skin with clean water
report incident to your supervisor
complete an incident report
immediately seek treatment |
|
|
Term
| what do you do if you accidently re-stick a patient with a needle? |
|
Definition
| nothing theres no risk of catching infection just wipe area |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thier brown and hairy usually in the gums and are caused due to accumulation of food, microrganisms |
|
|
Term
| what do you have to do for sordes? |
|
Definition
| perform good oral hygeine |
|
|
Term
| describe the epiglottis and what it does and its location |
|
Definition
prevention of aspiration
directs food and water to esaphagus
sits below your vocal cords |
|
|
Term
| what is false imprisonment? |
|
Definition
| false imprisonment is when you withhold someone from any physical movement or lessen thier conciousness with medication |
|
|
Term
| give some examples of false imprisonment |
|
Definition
| hold them against thier own will with restraints, medication (adivan) or locking pt in a room |
|
|
Term
| how do you give an intradermal injection? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is an intradermal injection used for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you asses your client? |
|
Definition
head to toe assesment
or a focused assesment |
|
|
Term
| what are normal vital signs? |
|
Definition
BP: 110-130/60-85
T: 96.8 -100.4
P: 60-90
R: 12-20 |
|
|
Term
| if the patient request last rights what should the nurse do? |
|
Definition
| ask whom they want to contact |
|
|
Term
| describe the structure of the ear |
|
Definition
external ear
middle ear
internal ear |
|
|
Term
| how do you take an adults temperature from the ear? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you take a childs temperature from the ear? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how would you provide ear drops for an adult? |
|
Definition
| clean the pinna and meatus of ear canal warm med in hands then pull pinna up and back &instill the # of drops |
|
|
Term
| how would you provide ear drops for a child? |
|
Definition
| clean the pinna and meatus of ear canal warm med in hands then pull pinna down and back &instill the # of drops |
|
|
Term
| what does vitamin A do for the body? |
|
Definition
bone growth
improves night vision |
|
|
Term
| what does vitamin c do for the body? |
|
Definition
improves wound healing
collagen formation
promotes absorption
prevents scurvy |
|
|
Term
| why does our body need vitamin D and where does the body get vitamin Dfrom? |
|
Definition
the sun,
promotes calcium and phophorous absorption
helps bone deminirilazation
deficiency would cause rickets and osteonolacia |
|
|
Term
| why does our body need protein? |
|
Definition
| repairs body tissue and regenerates it |
|
|
Term
| what does our body need to heal itself? |
|
Definition
| high protein and high carbs diet |
|
|
Term
| what provides energy for the body and which source is the best for the body to utilize? |
|
Definition
protien, carbohydrates and fats
but the primary is cabohydrates |
|
|
Term
| how can the nurse advocate for a client? |
|
Definition
try to meet the needs for the pt.
including advanced directives |
|
|
Term
| what are different types of cholesterol? |
|
Definition
| god cholesterol LDL bad cholesterol HDL |
|
|
Term
| which is the good cholesterol? |
|
Definition
| HDL helps clear the LDL cholesterol out of the blood and reduces risk for heart disease |
|
|
Term
| which is the bad cholesterol? |
|
Definition
| LDL most likely to clog blood vessels increasing your risk for heart disease |
|
|
Term
| what is the best position for a client to cough for a sputum collection and when is it mostly recommended? |
|
Definition
| 1st thing in the morning and pt must be on high fowlers |
|
|
Term
| what can a nurse do to promote coughing for a client that is post-op & in pain to allow the client to cough forcefully? |
|
Definition
| give them a pillow teach them how to splint to prevent the incision from opening |
|
|
Term
| what should the nurse do to intervene for a client suffering from deppresion? |
|
Definition
| ask open ended questions and report it if pt is potention to harm them selves |
|
|
Term
| how can a nurse asses pain? |
|
Definition
facial expressions of the client
grimmicing
using the faces scale
or 0-10 scale |
|
|
Term
| what does a nurse have to be aware with codeine? |
|
Definition
its a respiratory depressant
constipation occurs
nausea
depresses the cough reflex |
|
|
Term
| what does the nurse need to be aware of with cough syrups with codeine added to them? |
|
Definition
| also increases chances for pnemonia and fluid retention |
|
|
Term
| name the IM injection sitesand how many MLS can be injected in each site |
|
Definition
deltoid 2MLs
ventral gluteal 3mls
dorsal gluteal 3 mls
vastuas lateralas 3mls |
|
|
Term
| what are the lenghts and sizes of the needles used for IM injections? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the normal protein intake? |
|
Definition
0.8g/per kilo body weight
(not exceed 15-20% of your daily caloric intake) |
|
|
Term
| what is the normal fat intake? |
|
Definition
20-30% or 30% of your daily caloric intake
- less than 7% saturated
- less than 8% poly
- less than 18% mono |
|
|
Term
| what is the normal carbohydrate intake? |
|
Definition
50 to 100 grams/day
or 80% to 100% caloric intake |
|
|
Term
| what does the body use protein for? |
|
Definition
healing
rebuilding
cellular regeneration and repair |
|
|
Term
| what does the body use fats for? |
|
Definition
energy
supports for organs and bones
vitamin absorption |
|
|
Term
| what does the body use carbohydrates for? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how does the nurse identify the client prior to giving medications? |
|
Definition
name
check MAR
ask for thier name
look at id band |
|
|
Term
| what are the sixs rights of medication administration? |
|
Definition
right medication
right route
right dose
right time
right client
right documentation |
|
|
Term
| what is fish oils used for by the body? |
|
Definition
fish has omega -good for heart health
lowers cholesterol levels |
|
|
Term
| what should a nurse do for a crying patient? |
|
Definition
listen why is pt. sad or depressed
talk to encourage feelings |
|
|
Term
| where is the center of gravity on a child, young adult and an elderly client? |
|
Definition
young child: head
young adult: hips
olderly adult: upper tortal |
|
|
Term
| what does the body use calcium for and when a patient is recieving calcium what does the nurse need to be aware of? |
|
Definition
bones
teeth
could cause kidney stones
if phosphorous is high calcium is low
if calcium is high, phophorous is low |
|
|
Term
| what does the nurse need to be aware of when administering enteric coated medications? |
|
Definition
cant crush
(advil is an example of enteric coated orange pill)
absorbed slower in the small intestine |
|
|
Term
| if a patient refuses to take a bath what can the nurse do? |
|
Definition
ask for the best time to take a bath
ask open ended questions to find out why they dont want a bath
ask for a perferred day or time of day |
|
|
Term
| what are some short term goals in relationship to nutrition? |
|
Definition
ex client will gain 2 pounds in the next 2 days
2 days or a week is considered to be a short term goal |
|
|
Term
| what type of food would a client get for a low cholesterol diet? |
|
Definition
low fat diet
no cheese or eggs |
|
|
Term
| what foods should be avoided by a client on a low sodium diet? |
|
Definition
bacon
smoked meat
processed foods
prepacked foods |
|
|
Term
| a client with heart failure would be on what type of diet? and why? what food should this client avoid? |
|
Definition
low sodium
low cholesterol
low fluids
amounts of cc watched |
|
|
Term
| what type of diet should a client with decubs be on? |
|
Definition
protein diet for healing of wound
carbohydrates for body energy preserved |
|
|
Term
| when caring for a client with bed sores what should the nurse assess for? |
|
Definition
drainage
color
depth
wide
lenght
secretions
odor
consistency
blood envolved |
|
|
Term
| describe the stages of decubitus ulcers and what they look like: |
|
Definition
1: nonblanchin redness
2: skin breakdown, blister
3: subcutaneous
4: muscle and bone(necrotic tissue should be viewable) |
|
|
Term
| how would you asses the site for an IM injection? |
|
Definition
scars
tattoes (recent)
muscle mass
swelling |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| children on liquid iron should take the medicine how? |
|
Definition
| 30 min on benadril for alergic reaction, and drink it with a straw to prevent teeth from staning |
|
|
Term
| what liquid is perfered to be given with iron? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| why is orange juice perfered to be given with iron? |
|
Definition
| orange juice helps absorption |
|
|
Term
| what can you do to make bad tasting medication more easier to take? |
|
Definition
| mix medication with something that will mix its taste |
|
|
Term
| what is chemical digestion? |
|
Definition
| chemical breakdown of the food into smaller particles such as amino acids, glucose, (fatty accids break down for for digestion) |
|
|
Term
| what should the nurse do for grieving spouse or family member when death of a loved one happens? |
|
Definition
understand stages of grief
use theraputic communication |
|
|
Term
| describe the proper method of instilling a rectal suppository and what instructions will need to be given to the client? |
|
Definition
ask if pt has had a bm
lay them to left lateral with upper leg flexed
for an adult insert 4 inches
for chil 1-2 inches
press buttocks
and let them sit for 5 minutes and ask them to retain the suppossitory for 30 min |
|
|
Term
| describe the proper method of instilling a vaginal medication and what instructions will need to be given to the client? |
|
Definition
ask pt to hold suppository for 5-10 min
client should be on dorsal recumbent position
inspect vagina for any discharge odor before and after suppository
insert suppository 3-4 inches along the posterior wall |
|
|
Term
| why whould a client recieve calcium after a trasfusion? |
|
Definition
| since blood has been sitting in a bag for a while the calcium stays at the bottom of the bag and when transfusion occurs hardley any calcium gets transfused therefore calcium plays an important role in blood |
|
|
Term
| what does blood need when you have a blood transfusion to prevent it from clotting? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| list the foods high in iron: |
|
Definition
clams
oysters
mussels
pork
chicken
beef
liver
lean red meats
dark green leafy vegetables like kale, mustard anf green spinach
breakfast cereals |
|
|
Term
| what foods are high in protein? |
|
Definition
most fish fillets
steak
pork
chicken
eggs
dairy
beans
nuts
soy
seeds |
|
|
Term
| what are the foods low in salt |
|
Definition
fresh foods
fresh vegetables
unprocessed meats, fish and poultry
breads
cereals
mustard
spices
herbs
sugar
syrup
some chesses like monterrey mozzarella
milk non dairy creamer |
|
|
Term
| what are foods with low cholesterol? |
|
Definition
lean cuts of meats and turkey without skin
all varieties of fish
egg whites
non fat dairy products
1% milk
whole grain breads |
|
|
Term
| what are opened ended questions and why are they perferred? |
|
Definition
| designed to encourage a full meaningful answer using the subjects own knowledge and or feelings |
|
|
Term
| what should the nurse do if a medication error happens? |
|
Definition
| tell the supervisor and complete an incident report |
|
|
Term
| what can a nurse do to minimize the chance of a medication error? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what should the nurse do if she hears someone breaching HIPAA? |
|
Definition
| try to stop them and report them with supervisor or charge nurse |
|
|
Term
| whats the proper use of a cane? |
|
Definition
| put cane on the strong side of the body and move cane along with the weak leg |
|
|
Term
| whats the proper use of crutches? |
|
Definition
weight of the body should be on the arms rather than the armpits
pt should have 2-3 inches space available from armpit to the top of crutch |
|
|
Term
| whats the proper use of a walker? |
|
Definition
| walker should be 3-4 inches away from you feet so you could step inside walker and always move walker first |
|
|
Term
| what the proper use of a wheelchair? |
|
Definition
| pt uses arms to move the wheels in thier desired direction |
|
|
Term
| describe kegel exercises and what are they used for? |
|
Definition
| bladder used to strengthen the caginal mucosal |
|
|
Term
| whats the pulloccygeus muscle? |
|
Definition
| a muscle females have used to do kegel exercises |
|
|
Term
| what category does omega 3 fall under? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the different types of suctioning? |
|
Definition
nasal pharanx
oral pharanx
endotracheal
nasopherengeal
oral suction |
|
|
Term
| what does the nurse need to be aware of when suctioning? |
|
Definition
| the pt is deprived from breath when suctioning and suction for only 10-15 secs with 30-60 secs in between for rest |
|
|
Term
| what are the suction rates for wall unit? |
|
Definition
infant 50-95
child 95-110
adult 100-120 |
|
|
Term
| what are your gagues for im, subq, and id injections? |
|
Definition
IM 20-23
subq 23-25
ID 25-27 |
|
|
Term
| what is the suction rates for adults children and infants with a portable suction monitor? |
|
Definition
infant 2-5
child 5-10
adult 10-15 |
|
|
Term
| what are the sizes of the suctions for infants chidren and adults? |
|
Definition
infants 5-8
children 8-10
adults 12-18 |
|
|
Term
| how would the nurse measure NG tube for proper lenght for a client? |
|
Definition
start from the nose
then to the back of the ear
and across to the stomach |
|
|
Term
| what is the lithotomy position used for? |
|
Definition
papsmear
pelvic exam
speculum exam |
|
|
Term
| what are the different medication administration locations in the mouth? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the 5 stages of grieving? |
|
Definition
denial
anger
barganing
depression
acceptance |
|
|
Term
| whare are the different locations of the mucous membrane in regards to the renal system? |
|
Definition
| in the lining of the ureter in the bladder into the urethra |
|
|
Term
| whats the first thing a nurse should do in regards to medication administration? |
|
Definition
use the 6 rights 3 checks
pt id band
chart
and ask pt thier name |
|
|
Term
| how would a nurse asses peripheral circulation? |
|
Definition
check with capillary refils
color of pt skin |
|
|
Term
| is suction yonker sterile? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if you need to suction 2 different tubes for the same client, how many suction tubes would you need and why? |
|
Definition
| you would 2 because its supposed to be sterile technique |
|
|
Term
| what do you do to provide oral care for an unconsious client? |
|
Definition
| side laying position to prevent aspiration and so drainage can come out, dont use any water because client can choke on water when unconcious |
|
|
Term
| what should a nurse asses if there is peripheral cyanosis? |
|
Definition
cap refil
pulses
color of skin
skin temperature
compare pulses to extremities |
|
|
Term
| what should the nurse do for a pt that is angry? |
|
Definition
theraputic communication
ask open ended questions
dont take personal |
|
|
Term
| when should a pt be ambulated after surgery? |
|
Definition
| immediately after doctors order |
|
|
Term
| what assesment should the nurse do prior to ambulating a patient after surgery? |
|
Definition
asses conciousness
vital signs rom
make sure anesthesia is worn off and know strong and weakness side and make sure you know about any attached machines or any drainages the pt has |
|
|
Term
| why would a pt be put on a NPO diet? |
|
Definition
| to prevent aspirations for a client going to surgery |
|
|
Term
| when positioning a wheelchair for a client to transfer into it where should it be? |
|
Definition
| on the patients strong side at the foot of the bed or head of the bed depending on strong side |
|
|
Term
| wher should a foley urine collection bag be attached on to the bed? |
|
Definition
| on the frame of the bed so it could move along with the bed when moved |
|
|
Term
| how do you take orthostatic bp? |
|
Definition
| supine , wait 2-3 min take bp sit them up wait 1-2 minutes take bp, stand pt up wait 1-2 minutes take bp again |
|
|
Term
| describe how to count respirations |
|
Definition
| rise and fall of the chest, if having a hard time put hand on chest and feel for rise and fall of chest |
|
|
Term
| what assesments would you perform on a client that is in restariants and how often? |
|
Definition
cap refill cyanosis
skin break down
pluses
rom (remove on hand at a time)every 2 hrs |
|
|
Term
| what do you do if pt is on retraints and thier capillary refills arent normal? |
|
Definition
| loosen restraints and asses pt again |
|
|
Term
| what precautions need to be taken when working with a client who has c-diff? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what PPE do you wear if pt has diarrhea? |
|
Definition
gloves
mask
gown and goggles incase of splash |
|
|
Term
| what is a vagal reaction? |
|
Definition
| drop in blood pressure and drop in heart rate |
|
|
Term
| what type of diet should a patient with diarrhea be placed on and why? |
|
Definition
bananas
rice
toast
lots of water intake
soft and low residual diet to keep form stimulating the intestines |
|
|
Term
| what is the location and name of different pulse points in the body? |
|
Definition
temporal
coratid
apical
brachial
radial
popiteal
femoral
post-tib |
|
|
Term
| what orders would you anticipate being ordered for a client about to have surgery? |
|
Definition
| NPO- nothing by mouth to prevent aspiration during surgery |
|
|
Term
| what does a clear liquid diet consist of? |
|
Definition
water
tea
coffe
clear broths
gingerate
carbonated beverages
clear juices and plain gelatin |
|
|
Term
| what is ment by a full liquid diet? |
|
Definition
anything solid that becomes liquid at room temerature such as water, icecream
Butter/cream/oil/margarine
Carbonated beverages
Cheese soup
Coffee/Tea
Fresh or frozen plain yogurt
Fruit drinks
Fruit punch
Honey/jelly/syrup |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a diet that is easily chewed and digested for clients who have difficulty swallowing and chewing |
|
|
Term
| why would a client be put on an NPO status? |
|
Definition
before anesthesia or surgery
until bowel sounds return to prevent vomiting |
|
|
Term
| list the different body plains and describe how they divide the body |
|
Definition
frontal plane: runs from oneside of the body to the other separating body into front and back
sagital plane: runs from from to back seperate into left and right
transverse plane: divides body into a top and bottom |
|
|
Term
| what are the different client positioning in bed? |
|
Definition
high fowlers
semi fowlers
dorsal recumbent
left lateral position
sims
supine |
|
|
Term
| whats anatomical position? |
|
Definition
| a standing position with legs slightly separated and face front arms to the side with palms faced foward |
|
|
Term
| what does RICE stand for in soft tissue or muscle injury? |
|
Definition
Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation |
|
|
