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Hesi-Advanced Clinical Concepts
Hesi Review Advanced Clinical Concepts
10
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
10/12/2010

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Cards

Term
What is ARDS?
Definition
Unexpected catastrophic pulmonary complication in patient with no prior
pulmonary problem. ARDS has 50% mortality
Term
What are the characteristics of ARDS?
Definition
Inadequate gas exchange at alveoli
Hypoxemia--even with 100% 02
Decreased pulmonary compliance
Dyspnea
Bilateral pulmonary edema
White out appearance on X-ray (dense pulmonary infiltrates)
There is no abnormal lung sounds!!!
Low PO2 (PO2 < 50 mm Hg)
Term
What is PEEP?
Definition
Positive End Expiratory Pressure--small amounts of air instilled into the alveolar sacs at the end of exhalation to prevent these alveoli from collapsing.
Term
When should you suction a patient?
Definition
Suction the patient only when secretions are present
Term
What would you anticipate in the medical treatment of ARDS?
Definition
ARDS patients often need intubation with mechanical ventilation with PEEP
Term
What is the #1 nursing diagnosis for a patient with ARDS?
Definition
Impaired gas exchange R/T...underlying cause
Term
What are the normal values on Arterial Blood gas (ABG)?
Definition
pH 7.35-7.45
pCO2 35-45
HCO3 22-26
pO2 80-100
spO2 95-100
Term
Before drawing ABG's perform the Allen's test. What is the Allen's test?
Definition
Assess collateral circulation to the hand if thrombosis ocurs at the radial artery--puncture site.
Term
What pO2 value indicates hypoxemia?
Definition
pO2 < 50 mm Hg
Term
What blood value indicates hypercapnia?
Definition
Hypercapnia=excess CO2
pCO2 > 45 mm Hg
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