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Heredity and Genetics
Heredity and Genetics
27
Science
8th Grade
11/11/2013

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Term
trait
Definition
characteristics
Term
inherited trait
Definition
trait that is passed from parents to their offspring
Term
heredity
Definition
passing of traits from parents to their offspring
Term
genetics
Definition
study of heredity
Term
sperm cell
Definition
male reproduction cell
Term
egg cell
Definition
female reproduction cell
Term
gamete
Definition
reproduction cell
Term
meiosis
Definition
type of cell division that produces gametes
Term
DNA
Definition
large molecule contained in chromosomes
Term
replication
Definition
process by which DNA is duplicated
Term
protein synthesis
Definition
process by which proteins are made
Term
RNA
Definition
molecules used in the making of proteins
Term
karyotype
Definition
organized display of an organism's chromosomes
Term
centromere
Definition
point of a chromosome where two parts meet
Term
genes
Definition
parts of a chromosome that control inherited traits
Term
allele
Definition
one of two or more forms of a particular gene
Term
homozygous
Definition
having two like genes for the same trait
Term
heterozygous
Definition
having two unlike genes for the same trait
Term
dominant gene
Definition
gene whose trait always shows itself
Term
recessive gene
Definition
gene of a trait that is hidden when the dominant gene is present
Term
Punnett square
Definition
chart that shows possible gene combinations
Term
incomplete dominance
Definition
pattern of inheritance in which both alleles of a gene are expressed
Term
codominance
Definition
pattern of inheritance in which both alleles of a gene are expressed
Term
gender
Definition
sex of a person or other organisms
Term
sex-linked traits
Definition
traits that are controlled by the sex chromosomes
Term
carrier
Definition
an organism that has a recessive gene for a trait but does not show the trait
Term
gean
Definition
chart that shows inheritance of certain traits over several generations
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