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Hepatitis Viruses
morphology/characteristics
7
Medical
Post-Graduate
04/13/2008

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Term
Hepatitis A virus
Definition
picornavirus
ssRNA, encapsulated, non-enveloped
 
transmission: fecal-oral route
incubation 3-4 weeks
 
Detection: IgM Ab (titer 4x inc)
 
Vaccine available 
Term
Hepatitis B virus
Definition
hepaDNAvirus
partially ds DNA,  encapsulated and enveloped
 
transmission: parental, sexual, maternal-fetal
incubation 2-3 mos
 
detection via serologic assay for presence of:
HBsAg, HBsAb
HBcAg, HBcAb
HBeAg, HBeAb
determines status of disease 
Term
Hepatitis D virus
Definition
ssRNA
circular, enveloped c HBsAg
 
Transmission: parenteral, sexual, maternal-fetal
 
no virion pol, requires HBV for virulence
 
Detection of IgM to delta-Ag, delta-Ag itself, or HDV-RNA in serum or liver 
Term
Hepatitis C virus
Definition
flavivirus
ss+RNA, enveloped
multiple serotypes
 
no vaccine
 
transmission: parenteral, sexual, maternal-fetal
incubation 7-8 wks
increase HCC risk
 
detection of anti-HCV in ELISA -> confirm c immunoblot and PCR
 
detection of viral RNA in serum -> active dx 
Term
Hepatitis G virus
Definition
flavivirus
chronic disease
 
detection of viral RNA by PCR 
Term
Hepatitis E virus
Definition
ss+RNA
enveloped
 
cause of waterborne epidemics worldwide
no chronic or carrier state
 
dx by exclusion 
Term
flavivirus in general
Definition
vector: mosquito
 
2 cycles:
  1. jungle cycle: dx of monkeys - human is an accidental host
  2. urban cycle: dx of humans
clinical manifestations: jaundice and fever; pathologic changes in heart, liver, kidneys, upper GI tract
 
prevention: live attenuated vaccine 
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