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Hemo 201-3 - Hemostasis
68k-01 - Hemo 201-3 - Hemostasis
58
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Not Applicable
02/02/2012

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Term
Thrombocytopenia
Definition

Abnormally low platelet cout

Most common cause of abnormal bleeding

Platelet count < 50,000 / uL

Spontaneous bleeding into skin, mucous membranes, and brain causes intracranial hemorrhage when platelets < 10,000/uL

Term
Spontaneous bleeding into skin, mucous membranes, and brain causes intracranial hemorrhage when platelets reach what level?
Definition
< 10,000 / uL
Term
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpa (ITP)
Definition
Bleeding caused by a decreased number of platelets by an unknown cause.
Term
The etiology of ITP
Definition
is unknown, with most evidence pointing to platelet antibodies.  Thought to be a result of immune destruction of platelets.
Term
What are the two types of ITP?
Definition
Acute ITP and Chronic ITP
Term
What type of ITP is found in adults?
Definition
Chronic ITP
Term
What type of ITP afects women more than men?
Definition
Chronic ITP
Term
What type of ITP presents with a history of petechiae, epistaxis (hemorrhage from the nose), abnormal bleeding, and recent viral infection?
Definition
Chronic ITP
Term
What type of ITP has a platelet count of 30,000 - 80,000?
Definition
Chronic ITP
Term
What type of ITP has a duration of months to years?
Definition
Chronic ITP
Term
What type of ITP is treated with corticosteroids or splenectomy?
Definition
Chronic ITP
Term
What type of ITP is found in children?
Definition
Acute ITP
Term
What type of ITP occurs the same ammount in both males and females?
Definition
Acute ITP
Term
What type of ITP has an abrupt onset?
Definition
Acute ITP
Term
What type of ITP has 50% of cases occur after viral infection, usually in the winter or spring?
Definition
Acute ITP
Term
What type of ITP has a platelet count of > 20,000?
Definition
Acute ITP
Term
What type of ITP has a durration of 2-6 weeks?
Definition
Acute ITP
Term
Thrombocytosis
Definition
Abnormally high platelet count, can cause strokes due to platelet clots.
Term
Primary Thrombocytosis
Definition
Marked and persistent elevation in platelet count and impaired platelet function.  Seen in chronic myeloproliferative disorders.  Has the highest platelet count, values can exceed 1 million.
Term
Secondary Thrombocytosis
Definition
Platelet function is normal, although increased platelet levels may last for days to weeks.
Term
What are the causes of Secondary (reactive) Thrombocytosis?
Definition
  • Acute and chronic blood loss
  • Chronic inflammatory diseases, such as RA
  • Splenectomy
  • Rebound thrombocytosis in recovering alcoholics or patients on chemotherapy.
  • Iron deficiency anemia
Term
What disease causes a decrease or abnormality in factor VII:vWf (von Willebrand Factor) resulting in defect in platelet adhesion?
Definition
von Willebrand's Disease
Term
In which disease would you find prolonged bleeding time, a platelet count that is normal - slightly elevated, PT test is normal, and APTT test may be normal?
Definition
von Willebrand's Disease
Term
What are the two major causes of coagulation factor disorders?
Definition
A defect in the synthesis of the factor (leads to decreased concentration), and synthesis of a defective factor (leads to abnormal amounts of an inactive or abnormally functioning factor).
Term
What are the two treatments for Coagulation Factor Disorders?
Definition
FFP and Cryoprecipitate
Term
Appropriate levels of this Factor are necessary to maintain hemostasis, and cause platelets to aggregate.
Definition
Factor I
Term
Whate are two hereditary deficiencies of Factor I
Definition
Hypofibrinogenemia and dysfibinogenemia
Term
What are four acquired deficiencies of Factor I?
Definition
Impared production, excess utilization, Fibrinogen destruction (liver disease or DIC), and complication of surgery.
Term
How are Factor I deficiencies treated?
Definition
with cryoprecipitate and FFP
Term
What is the name for the group of disorders in which a particular clotting factor is decreased.
Definition
Hemophilia
Term
With 13 clotting factors there are a wide range of hemophilias, however, only two disorders are referred to by the name "hemophilia". What are the names of these two disorders?
Definition
Hemophilia A, and Hemophilia B
Term
True or False? Both hemophilias are sex-linked recessive disorders.
Definition
True
Term
This Factor deficiency is a deficiency or dysfunction of procoagulant portion (VIII:C) of the factor VIII molecule.
Definition
Factor VIII deficiency (Hemophilia A)
Term
This Factor deficiency is inherited as a sex-linked, recessive trait with bleeding that occurs in the gastrointestinal tract, renal tract, nose, joints, muscles, and after dental extraction.
Definition
Factor VIII deficiency (Hemophilia A)
Term
The most frequent cause of death for patients with Factor VIII deficiency (Hemophilia A) is ______________.
Definition
Intracranial Bleeding
Term
Severe hemophilia has less than ____% factor VIII:C activity.
Definition
1
Term
Moderate hemophilia has ___ to ___ % factor VIII:C activity.
Definition
2 - 5
Term
In Hemophilia A, what are the test results for platelet cout, bleeding time, PT, and APTT?
Definition
Platelet count - Normal
Bleeding Time - Normal
PT - Normal
APTT - Prolonged
Term
What is the treatment for Hemophilia B, Factor IX deficiency?
Definition
FFP, Factor IX complex, Factor IX concentrates.
Term
What are two other names for Factor IX deficiency?
Definition
Hemophilia B, and Christmas Disease
Term
In Hemophilia B, what are the test results for platelet count, bleeding time, PT, and APTT?
Definition
Platelet count - Normal
Bleeding Time - Normal
PT - Normal
APTT - Prolonged
Term
This factor deficiency is a congenital deficiency. Patients show a varying degree of bleeding and bruising. Acquired deficiencies associated with DIC, Liver Disease, and Acute Lukemia. Treated with FFP.
Definition
Factor V Deficiency
Term
This Factor Deficiency is an acquired deficiency stemming from Liver disease, vitamin K deficiency, coumadin. Rare. Symptoms are similar to Hemophilia. Has prolonged PT & APTT.
Definition
Factor X Deficiency
Term
This factor deficiency is a congenital deficiency with less severe bleeding than hemophilia A and spontaneous hemorrhage is rare. Has Normal PT with prolonged APTT.
Definition
Factor XI D Deficiency (Hemophilia C-Rosenthal Syndrome)
Term
This factor deficiency has the following symptoms; Hemorrhage following surgery or trauma, intravascular bleeding, easy bruising, and possible bleeding into the central nervous system. Screening test using urea (all other routine coagulation lab testing is normal)
Definition
Factor XIII Deficiency
Term
Lab Results for Factor 1 Deficiency
Definition
PT|APTT|Thrombin Time|Bleeding Time
PPP-
Term
Lab results for Factor VIII Deficiency (Hemophilia A)
Definition
PT|APTT|Thrombin Time|Bleeding Time
NPNN
Term
Lab results for Factor IX Deficiency (Hemophilia B)
Definition
PT|APTT|Thrombin Time|Bleeding Time
NPNN
Term
Lab results for Factor V Deficiency
Definition
PT|APTT|Thrombin Time|Bleeding Time
PPN-
Term
Lab results for Factor X Deficiency
Definition
PT|APTT|Thrombin Time|Bleeding Time
PPN-
Term
Lab results for Factor XI D Deficiency
Definition
PT|APTT|Thrombin Time|Bleeding Time
NPN-
Term
This is the most frequently occuring inhibitor, it interferes with the phospholipids portion of the complex which converts prothrombin to thrombin.
Definition
Lupus Inhibitor
Term
This inhibitor can be found in 10% of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus patients, patients with autoimmune disorders, drug therapy or viral infections, and in some normal healthy patients.
Definition
Lupus Inhibitor
Term
What are the lab results for Lupus Inhibitor?
Definition
PT - Slightly prolonged or normal
APTT - Prolonged
Term
This disease is treated by administering vitamin K or antifibinolytic agents, transfusion of FFP
Definition
Liver Disease
Term
This disease causes a variety of hemostatic defects, multiple Factor abnormalities (Increased VIII), abnormal fibinolysis, and platelet disorders.
Definition
Liver Disease
Term
This fibinolytic system disorder is charachterized by purpa, generalized bleeding, and shock.
Definition
DIC
Term
These are described as large platelets that are larger in size than a normal RBC.
Definition
Giant Platelets
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