Term
Mechanism by which the body is
-Protected from excess bleeding after an injury
-Keeps blood fluid under normal conditions |
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Definition
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Term
| Excess _____ causes more health problems than does ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| Coagulation or Clotting Depends on (2) |
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Definition
Primary coagulation
Secondary coagulation |
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Term
Primary coagulation
- _____ _____
- ______ |
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Definition
Vascular integrity
Platelets |
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Term
| Platelets form a ___, ____ ___ |
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Definition
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Term
| Plasma coagulation factors fall under what type of coagulation? |
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Definition
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Term
| Blood fluidity is dependent upon (2) |
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Definition
Fibrin lysing system to reestablish blood flow after healing
Inhibitors to coagulation to prevent excess clot formation |
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Term
| Vascular structure comprised of (5) |
|
Definition
Lumen
Smooth endothelial lining with junctions
Basement membrane for support
Smooth muscle cells
Fibroblasts and collagen |
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Term
| Role of vessels in Coagulation |
|
Definition
Constriction
Release of substances to initiate other aspects of coagulation
Serves as the template for clotting
Allow collagen in basement membrane |
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Term
| Platelets can adhere to ___ ___ and ___ ___ can occur |
|
Definition
vessel wall
clot formation |
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Term
| 3 Factors that can affect vascular integrity |
|
Definition
Platelets
External Factors - Surgery
Drugs |
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Term
| Inherited Vascular Disorder |
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Definition
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Term
| A rare condition producing abnormal connective tissue and poor support |
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Definition
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Term
| Acquired Vascular Disorder |
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Definition
| May damage endothelial cells or connective tissue |
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Term
| 4 Types of Acquired Vascular Disorder |
|
Definition
Scurvy
Cortisone
Senile Purpura
Infections that damage endothelial lining |
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Term
| Symptoms of Vascular Disorders |
|
Definition
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Term
| Only test for Vascular Disorders is ____ ___ |
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Definition
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Term
| For the Tourniquet test you apply a blood pressure cuff to ___ mm mercury for ___ minutes and count ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| Megakaryocytes arise from ___-___ __ __ under the influence of ___-___ and ____ |
|
Definition
multi-potential stem cell
CSF-MEG
Thrompoietin |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Double DNA without Cell Division |
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Term
| Each megakaryocyte can make ____ platelets |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 Zones of Platelet Ultrastructure |
|
Definition
Peripheral zone
Sol-gel zone
Organelle zone |
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Term
| Receptor/transmitter region |
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Definition
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Term
| ____ contains factors for adhesion and aggregation |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| ___ ___ provides surface to which plasma factors adhere |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Peripheral zone acts as the ___ and ___ ___ ___ |
|
Definition
barrier
regulates metabolic function |
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Term
| Peripheral zone contains the ___ ___ - allows platelet granules to be released when the need arises |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Provides support for the platelet discoid shape |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| _____ contact to push granules to center of cell |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Responsible for metabolic activity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 2 major types of granules |
|
Definition
Dense granules
Alpha granules |
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|
Term
| Contain ADP and other substances |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Contain plasma coagulation activation factors |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| 4 Main functions of Platelets |
|
Definition
Adhesion
shape change
aggregation
secretion |
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|
Term
| Exposed collagen caused by vessel injury cotains |
|
Definition
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Term
| vWF binds to platelet surface causing ____ ___ to make the platelet adhere reversibly to the vessel wall sealing the endothelial gaps |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Fibrinogen binds to ___ __-___ on the platelet surgace - forming bridge between sticky psyeduopods |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| ___ ___ is cleaved from platelet membrane when it binds to ADP |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of Arachidonic acid? |
|
Definition
| Stimulates the formation of thromboxane A2 (TXA2) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Activates microfilaments inside the platelet to centralize organelles |
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|
Term
| Released ___ causes more shape change and much more aggregation |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Released ADP produces an ___ ___ |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| _____ produced by plasma clotting factors reinforces the irreversible platelet plug to stop bleeding |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Platelet Count
Bleeding Time
Platelet Aggregation |
|
|
Term
| Bleeding Time checks ___ ___ as well as ___ ___ |
|
Definition
Platelet Count
Vascular Permeability |
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|
Term
| ____-____ assesses the platelets ability to adhere and form a hemostatic plug |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Epinephrine
collagen
ristocetin
ADP |
|
|
Term
Platelet Aggregation:
___ ___ is graphed against time |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Primary disorders of High Platelet Count (5) |
|
Definition
Thrombocythemia Myeloproliferative
-PV
-CML
-Myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia
-ET |
|
|
Term
| Secondary disorders of High Platelet Count are due to (3) |
|
Definition
inflammation
iron deficiency
acute blood loss |
|
|
Term
| Decreased production of platelets are observed in (4) |
|
Definition
Aplastic anemia
megaloblastic anemia
marrow infiltration by malignant cells
chemotherapy |
|
|
Term
| Increased destruction of platelets are due to (3) |
|
Definition
Immune ABY problems
Drugs
Non-Immune destruction |
|
|
Term
Increased platelet destruction due to immune ABY:
_____ or ___ ___ ___
-due to ABY to platelet
___ or ____ |
|
Definition
Idiopathic
Immune Thrombocytopenia Purpura
Acute
Chronic |
|
|
Term
Usually observe din children following an infection
-Especially a viral infection |
|
Definition
| Acute Increased platelet destruction due to Immune ABY |
|
|
Term
| Often observed in women of child-bearing years |
|
Definition
| Chronic Increased platelet destruction due to Immune ABY |
|
|
Term
| Platelet count in Acute ITP is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ____ are common in Acute ITP |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ABY produced against viral AGNs bind to the platelet surface causing destruction of platelet |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Platelet count in Chronic ITP is |
|
Definition
| 30,000-80,000 / microliter |
|
|
Term
ABY production is such the ABY attaches to the platelets
ABY-PLT complex is removed by RES cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Drugs act as _____ and elicit an ABY response |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Increased platelet destruction due to Drugs:
AGN-ABY complex attaches to the platelet surface and ___ ___ ___ ___ |
|
Definition
| entire complex is removed |
|
|
Term
| 3 Most common causes of Increased platelet destruction due to Non-immune destruction |
|
Definition
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia Purpura
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation |
|
|
Term
Thromboctopenia
Plt fragments
Neurologic symptoms
Renal disease caused by micro-thrombi of platelets |
|
Definition
| Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia Purpura (TTP) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Etiology of TTP is ____ but probably due to ___ ___ or ___ ___ result in platelet activation |
|
Definition
unclear
intravascular aggregation
endothelial injury |
|
|
Term
Found only in children following an infection
-Usually Salmonella or E coli infections |
|
Definition
| Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome |
|
|
Term
Clotting occurs throughout the body
Platelets and coagulation proteins are used up |
|
Definition
| Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation |
|
|
Term
| 3 Types of Qualitative Platelet Disorders |
|
Definition
Adhesion Defects
Aggregation Defects
Secretion Defects |
|
|
Term
| 2 Most Common Adhesion Defect Disorders |
|
Definition
Von Wilebrand's Disease
Bernard-Soulier Disease |
|
|
Term
Low, Absent, or Defective VIII:vWF
Defective in Platelet adhesion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Defective glycoprotein Ib
Defection adhesion to collagen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Defective glycoprotein IIb
Defective to ability to bind fibrinogen for bridges for aggregation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
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