Term
| Coagulation testing is more susceptible to sub-optimal specimen quality due to (4) |
|
Definition
Complexity of reactions
Lability of some of the factors
Calcium dependence of reactions
Highly excitable nature of platelets |
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Term
| Heparin and warfarin have _____ therapeutic ranges so monitoring is important |
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Definition
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Term
| Pre-Analytical Variables involved in coagulation testing include (5) |
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Definition
Phlebotomy
Anticoagulant
Needles
Centrifugation
Storage |
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Term
| _____ is more affected by specimen draw than is ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| What can prolonged tourniquet use cause? |
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Definition
| Can activate platelets and change factor concentration |
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Term
| It is recommended that the tourniquet only be left on for ___ ___ at a time |
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Definition
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Term
| A traumatic draw can ______ test |
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Definition
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Term
| The traumatic draw will allow ___ ___ to be released and start the cascade |
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Definition
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Term
| Use syringes for less than ____ __ to avoid clotting |
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Definition
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Term
| If you are using a syringe, which tube do you need to fill first? |
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Definition
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Term
| In-Dwelling Lines should be flushed with 5 mL of ____ and the first 5 mL of blood should be _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| All anticoagulant tubes are inverted _-_ times to mix |
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Definition
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Term
| If only coag is ordered, a discarded tube is recommended because it assures ___ _ ___ ___/___ ___ |
|
Definition
| maintenance of proper anticoagulation/blood ratio |
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Term
| Anticoagulant - blood is collected in __________ |
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Definition
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|
Term
T or F:
Anticoagulant blood sample tube must be filled |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| If the anticoagulant blood tube is not filled ______ will be invalid |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Anticoagulant - ____ is less affected by a slight under-filled tube |
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Definition
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|
Term
| _:_ ratio of blood to anticoagulant is critical! |
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Definition
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Term
| If hematocrit exceeds ____, amount of anticoagulant must be adjusted |
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Definition
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|
Term
| (C) = 1.85 x 10^-3 x (100-Hct) x V |
|
Definition
| Formula to calculate amount of sodium citrate |
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Term
| ___ ___ is required when hematocrit is less than 20% |
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Definition
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Term
| Whenever the specimen is obtained for coagulation use ___ or _____ needle |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Use ____ needle for pediatric patients |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Less than 10,000 Platelets/microliter to avoid ____ activation |
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Definition
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|
Term
| In order for us to have good accurate results in coagulation we must have |
|
Definition
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Term
| Centrifuge specimen at ____-___ g for approximately ____ minutes |
|
Definition
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Term
| Platelets release ______ during freezing |
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Definition
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Term
| PT must be tested within _____ hours from collection |
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Definition
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Term
| If blue stopper is left off of the tube what will happen? |
|
Definition
| CO2 will be escaping from the blood and the pH will be changed |
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|
Term
T or F:
Do NOT store PT specimen for prolonged periods at 2-6 degrees Celsius |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Storing PT specimen for prolonged periods at 2-6 degrees Celsius can lead to ______ ___ of factor ___ |
|
Definition
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Term
| Patients on heparin and warfarin, test within ____ hours unless reagent contains a heparin neutralizer |
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Definition
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Term
| Storing PT specimen for prolonged periods at 2-6 degrees Celsius can shorten the ___ result and under-estimates the ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| APTT must be tested within ___ hours |
|
Definition
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Term
| If APTT patient is on unfractionated heparin, the specimen should be centrifuged within ___ hour and tested within ____ hours from collection |
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Definition
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Term
| If you are transporting an APTT specimen you need to remove the ______ and transport only it |
|
Definition
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Term
| Transported APTT - Remove plasma within ___ hour and Test within ___ hours |
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Definition
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Term
| All other coagulation tests should be tested within ____ hours of collection |
|
Definition
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Term
| If testing is not within time frame (four hours), you should remove the _____ and freeze at _____ for up to ____ weeks or _____ for ____ months |
|
Definition
Plasma
-20 degrees Celsius
2
-70 degrees Celsius
6 |
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Term
|
Definition
Duplicate testing
Reagents
Sample Condition
Controls |
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Term
| CAP requires testing of controls every ____ hours and with each change in _____ |
|
Definition
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|
Term
T or F:
You must run normal and abnormal controls |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What reagent do you use for PT? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is the ISI that the Thromboplastin needs to be as close to as possible? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
T or F:
Thromboplastin should be insensitive to helparin? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| If your reagent is sensitive to heparin, you must use _______ to inactivate heparin |
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Definition
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Term
| Lipemia, hemolysis, and icterus can affect ______ results |
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Definition
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|
Term
| You must remove lipemia or use _______ |
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Definition
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Term
| How will Lipemia affect light-based assays? |
|
Definition
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Term
| What should you do if your sample is more than very slight hemolysis? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| How will hemolysis affect the automated results? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| If severe icterus use _____-____-____ method |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Post-analytical variables include ____ and ____ ______ |
|
Definition
reporting
result assessment |
|
|
Term
| What does CAP require labs to provide? |
|
Definition
| information concerning which tests are recommended for monitoring anticoagulants and the therapeutic ranges |
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Term
| Most labs will report the PT in both _____ and ______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Vascular system
Platelets
Extrinsic system
Intrinsic system
Common pathway
Fibrinolysis
Miscellaneous tests |
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|
Term
| Ivy Bleeding Time WAS most commonly used test for ___ ___ and ___ ___ |
|
Definition
platelet function
vascular problems |
|
|
Term
| What did the Ivy Bleeding Time indicate? |
|
Definition
platelet number and function
vascular integrity |
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|
Term
_____ Bleeding time occurs when:
-Plt count is less than 100,000/microliter
-Ingestion of aspirin, aspirin containing durgs, antihistamines |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Antihistamines are known for _____ inhibition |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Instead of the Ivy Bleeding Time, most hospitals are now using a ____ ____ ____ that mimics the clotting process |
|
Definition
| platelet function analyzer |
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|
Term
| _____ count of Platelets will affect the platelet function test |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is the best test for platelet function? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What must be present for Platelet aggregation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In Platelet Aggregation Platelets will be exposed to substances known to induce |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name 5 substances that are known to induce aggregation |
|
Definition
Collagen
ADP
epinephrine
thrombin
antibiotic ristocetin |
|
|
Term
| Platelet aggregation test requires using an __________ |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Whenever an aggregating substance is added the platelets will _____ making the plasma become ____ and _____ light is transmitted |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Platelet-rich plasma is normally _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Platelet Rich Plasma is used in _____ ____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Platelet Poor Plasma is used in _____ ____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Extrinsic System is measured by ____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Factor ____ is only factor exclusively in PT |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| PT will measure both the extrinsic pathway and most of the ____ __ ___ ____ |
|
Definition
| Vitamin K Dependent Factors |
|
|
Term
| PT will measure which factors? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What reagent is used for Prothrombin Time? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does Prothrombin time measure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which test uses Tilt tube And Fibrometer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Clot is detected by light hitting a sensor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Semi-automated using two metal electrodes that make contact with the mixture.
Clot is detected by the hook on one of the electrodes
Circuit is completed by the clot and the timer stops |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Normal Prothrombin Time is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _____ = (PT(patient)^ISI)/(PT(normal)) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
The following will cause PT to be _____:
Coumadin therapy
liver disease
extrinsic factor deficiencies
DIC
Vitamin K deficiency |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| PT is used mostly to monitor ____ ____ |
|
Definition
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