Term
structures and components of the hematologic system |
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Definition
Bone marrow Liver Spleen Blood Red blood cells (erythrocytes) Platelets (thrombocytes) Clotting factors Plasma |
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Term
the primary functions of the hematologic system |
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Definition
oxygenation and hemostasis |
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Term
majority of rbcs and plts are produced in the |
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Definition
vertebrae, ribs, sternum, skull, pelvis and long bones of the legs |
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Term
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Definition
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stiumlates the prodcuaiton of RBCs in the bone marow |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
clotting factor and clears old/damaged RBCs form circulation |
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Term
removes old RBCs form circulation |
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Definition
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Term
the clear straw colored lfuid that carries the RBCs, platelets and clotting factors thorugh the circulatory system |
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Definition
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Term
control of bleeding process |
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Definition
Blood vessel constricts; reduces bleeding Platelets adhere to the injured blood vessel, forming an unstable platelet plug Coagulation initiated, forming a stable fibrin matrix (scab) |
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Term
pt with low rbc counts may experience |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
pt with low rbc counts often are |
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Definition
dyspneic or short of breath |
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Term
pt with low rbc counts can be tachycardic with a heart rate greater than |
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Definition
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Term
indicats the 02 carrying capacity in the blood |
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Definition
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Term
the percentage of rbcs in whole blood |
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Definition
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Term
the spleen removes _ from circulation |
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Definition
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Term
increased WBCs are consistent with |
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Definition
infection, inflammation, tissue necrosis or leukemic neoplasia |
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Term
a low WBC count reflects reduced |
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Definition
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Term
normal plately counts range from |
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Definition
140,00 to 440,000 platelts/mm3 |
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Term
neutrophils increase in the presence of |
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Definition
acute bacterial infections or trauma |
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Term
Nursing actions for the patient at Risk for injury from low red blood cell counts |
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Definition
adminster 02 as prescribed adminsiter blood products as prescribed administer the hematopoietic growth factor erythropoietin as prescribed monitor position changes from bed or chair to standing to ensure safety allow for rest between periods of activity because the patient with anemia can tire easily elevate the patient's head on pillows for shortness of breath provide extra blankets if the patient feels too cool theach the patient and family about the underlying pathophysiology and how to manage the symptoms of anemia |
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Term
: universal donors because their blood does not contain any of the A, B, or Rh antigens and can safely be given to anyone |
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Definition
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Term
universal recipients because blood contains the A, B, and Rh antigens; they can safely receive any type of blood |
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Definition
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Term
platelet transfusions are given when platelets fall below _ or if the pt is _ |
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Definition
20,000, actively bleeding |
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Term
four main types of reactions to blood transfusions |
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Definition
hemolytic, anaphylactic, febrile, circulatory overload |
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Term
Naturally occurring hormones that stimulate the bone marrow to produce more blood cells |
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Definition
colony stimulating factors |
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Term
Stimulates bone marrow to produce more red blood cells |
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Definition
erythropoietin and darbepoetin |
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Term
colony stimulating factors |
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Definition
erythropietin, darbepoetin, oprelvekin |
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Term
stimulates the bone marrow to prduce more platelets |
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Definition
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Term
the liver also manufactures clotting factors such as |
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Definition
fibrinogen, prothrombin, thromboplastin |
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Term
control of bleeding when injury occurs |
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Definition
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Term
_ on the corner of mouth can indicate vitamin deficiencey |
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Definition
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Term
changes in vital signs that indicate hemotological disorders |
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Definition
tachypnea, tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension |
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Term
differences in petechiae, purpura, ecchymosis |
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Definition
petechiae: 1-3 mm purpura: 3mm or more ecchymosis = bruising |
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Term
heart rate increases in pt with low RBC count because _ which increases o2 supply |
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Definition
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Term
_ can become enlarged causing abdominal tenderness |
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Definition
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ratio for hgb to hct is usually |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
200-400 in adults (<100 is critical) |
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Term
when giving blood the needle should be |
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Definition
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Term
for each unit of packed rbc transfused the hgb should increase _ and the hct _ |
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Definition
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