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Hem
obj 10
7
Health Care
Pre-School
04/01/2014

Additional Health Care Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Describe peripheral blood & bone marrow morphology characteristic of Iron deficiency anemia
Definition
Decreased: serum Ferritin (storage form of Iron), Hgb & Hct, RBC indices, serum iron

Increased: TIBC (total iron binding capacity->transferrin)

-microcytic, hypochromic
Term
Describe cause of iron deficiency
Definition
-decrease iron intake (iron deficient diets)
-increase iron utilization (postnatal growth spurt/adolescent growth spurt)
-iron loss (physiological)(menstration/pregnancy)
-faulty or incomplete iron absorption (autoimmune gastritis/celiac disease/H. pylori infection)
-iron loss (pathological)(GI bleeding/urogenital bleeding/pulmonary hemosiderosis/intravascular hemolysis/malignancy)
Term
Utilize morphology & iron values to distinguish among:
a. iron deficiency anemia
b. sideroblastic anemia & lead poisoning
c.thalassemia
Definition
a. iron deficiency anemia:
-Decreased ferritin, increased transferrin-> decrease erythropoiesis to conserve iron, as hgb decreases->iron decreases->microcytic/hypochromic RBC's -> decreased o2 delivery-> iron def. anemia

b. sideroblastic anemia & lead poisoning:
-in peripheral blood: decreased Hgb/Hct, dimorphic RBC population- poikilocytosis(shape)& basophilic stippling (interruption of heme synthesis), increased ferritin, microcytic/hypochromic RBC, can be acquired or inherited, decreased reticulocytes
In Bone Marrow:
-diagnostic->ringed sideroblast in Prussian blue stain of bone marrow, erythroid hyperplasia, megaloblastic changes (nucleus & cytoplasm don't mature at same rate)
Lead poisoning:
-acquired/defect in heme synthesis (2 building blocks of heme= glycine & ScoA)/considered type of bone marrow toxin->can cause acquired & resolved once removed

c. Thalassemia:
-rate of (globulin) chain production altered, microcytic/hypochromic RBC, decreased RBC, increased pH, cell fragments, looks junky.
Term
Discuss treatment of iron deficiency anemia
Definition
-oral iron supplements, nutritional counseling, correct underlying disorder, avoid blood transfusion
-response to treatment: appearance of reticulocytes; Hgb levels
Term
Describe the defect in sideroblastic anemias
Definition
(is a disorder of iron utilization)
-defective hematopoietic stem cell
-ineffective erythropoiesis
-elevated iron stores (ferritin)
Term
Summarize the peripheral blood and bone marrow morphology in sideroblastic anemias
Definition
-microcytic/hypochromic RBC
-Periph.->dimorphic RBC pop.-poikilocytosis & basophilic stippling
-Bone marrow-> megaloblastic changes, presence of ringed sideroblast seen w/ Prussian blue stain
Term
Explain the relationship b/w lead poisoning & sideroblastic anemia
Definition
-defective function of stem cells-> defect in heme synthesis
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