Term
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Definition
-double helix
-bases are A,T,C,G
-no oxygen (deoxyribose sugar)
-long
-storage of genetic information |
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Term
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Definition
-ribose sugar
-bases are A,U,C,G
-single stranded
-short
-messenger of genetic information |
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Term
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Definition
-bases point in and correspond to a base on the other strand
-shape of DNA |
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Term
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Definition
-conversion/copying of DNA into DNA
-DNA acts as it own template
-steps are 1)unwinding 2)Pairing 3)Joining |
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Term
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Definition
-conversion of information in one gene (DNA) into a messenger RNA (mRNA)
-like burning a song onto a CD |
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Term
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Definition
-input RNA, output protein
-uses codons to correspond to amino acids |
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Term
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Definition
| -the two strands of DNA separate |
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Term
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Definition
| -free nucleotides in the DNA polymerase match up with the bases on the separated strands |
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Term
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Definition
| -DNA ligase links the added bases together into a strand |
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Term
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Definition
| -enzyme that contains nucleotides and matches them with existing strand of DNA during replication |
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Term
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Definition
| -contains bases that match to a strand of DNA during transcription |
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Term
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Definition
| -structure in the cell that has RNA and protein |
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Term
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Definition
| -three bases correspond with one amino acid |
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Term
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Definition
-combination of three "letters", nucleotides
-"word" of genetic code |
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Term
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Definition
| -three bases that would match up with a codon |
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Term
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Definition
| -the chart that matches codons with amino acids |
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Term
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Definition
| -there are more possible combinations of codons than amino acids, so some repeat |
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Term
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Definition
| -encodes amino acid sequences and carries information into the cytoplasm |
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Term
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Definition
| -interprets codons into proteins |
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Term
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Definition
- this and proteins make ribosomes
-most abundant kind of RNA |
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Term
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Definition
-change in sequence of nucleotides in DNA
-creates heritable changes |
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Term
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Definition
| -causes mutations (source) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| -base substitution which converts one amino acid into another |
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Term
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Definition
| -Converts an a.a. into a stop codon, causing a truncated protein |
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Term
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Definition
| -base insertion or deletion, which shifts the reading frame |
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Term
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Definition
for every rung, big and little bases will fit like jigsaw pieces
-A with T, C with G |
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Term
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Definition
| -when DNA replicates and unwinds, it acts as its own template |
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