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hebrew
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227
Religious Studies
Undergraduate 3
12/14/2011

Additional Religious Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
what are the three divisions of hebrew bible
Definition
Torah (law), Neviim (phrophets), Ketuvim (writing)
Term
what are vassal treaties?
Definition
treaty where stronger nations protect weaker nations
Term

where did the JEPD sources come from?

 

Definition
the document of hypothesis
Term
what do the four sources originate?
Definition

J and P - 1000 to 922ish

D- 621

P 586

Term
when was the vulgate printed
Definition
4th century CE
Term
what was the function of the patriarch stories
Definition
its the story of Isaac, abraham, jacob and becoming foregathers of the hebrew people.  
Term
why did God tell abraham to sacrfice isaac?
Definition

to test abraham will to do as God told him

 

Term
What sources palce important on circumcision?
Definition
J source
Term

what does the name "moses" mean?

 

Definition
drawn out of water, or child son of in egyptian
Term
give three examples of things that can make a person unclean
Definition
a childbirth, leprosy, eating certain animals
Term
what are the four sources from the documentary hypothesis?
Definition
JEPD
Term
what were the first three commanded festivals/ offerings?
Definition
unleavened, harvest, in gathering assoc with feast of tabernacles
Term
what are the characteristics of a covenant?
Definition
preamble, historical prologues, stipulations, display, witnesses, courses blessing
Term
list seven of the commandments
Definition

no other gods before me

not take my name is vain

keep the sabbath holy

honor father and mother

not murder

not commit adultery

Term
when was the p source written
Definition
568 BCE
Term
which of noahs sons was cursed why?
Definition
canaan because he saw noah naked well really ham was cursed but the curse fell on his son canaan
Term
what did God choose the israelite to do ?
Definition
be his people
Term
what two sources wrote the creation and flood narratives?
Definition
J and P
Term
which culture had creation stories that influenced or inspirted the creation narrative in genesis?
Definition

mesopotamia

neo babylonians

Term
how are the biblical books name in hebrew?
Definition
first words of the text?
Term
what are the different names for God in the torah
Definition
yhwh, elohim, el, elolam, elshaddai and elroi
Term
what was the significance of child sacrifice at the time of abrahams test?
Definition
to show that he trust God also it shos that child sacrifice was common but not demanded by God
Term

what source criticism? how is it used to anaylze the biblical text?

 

Definition
it crtizies stories in the bible it reference different books that we dont have. search for the original sources and orgins of the text. it can be used to date the text and where they were written
Term
what are the origins of the moabites and amorites according to the bibile?
Definition
descendants of lot; incext with daughters
Term
what are the three parts of the TANAKH
Definition
Torah, Neviim, Ketuvim
Term
what is included in the Torah?
Definition
genesis, exodus, leviticus, numbers, deuteronomy
Term
when was the babylonian exile?
Definition
586 BCE
Term
what are the promary differences between the two creation stories?
Definition
one account is man and woman were created at the same time and seconde accoun is man was created first and woman was created second.
Term
what was created first hums or plants/animals?
Definition
plants/animals
Term
does the bible sanction child sacrifice?
Definition
no
Term
who was allowed to serce in the sactuary? who were the priests and who were their helpers?
Definition
the priest were descenats of aaron and their helpers were of the tribe of levi
Term
what religion acknowlge abraham?
Definition
judaism, christianity, islam
Term
how did God speak to moses at first
Definition
through a burning bush
Term
what is the covenant God established with Noah?
Definition
never to flood the whole world again
Term
how does abraham prepare to kill isaac
Definition
binds up his son on the mountain top
Term
what are the two primary interests of the authors of the P source in leviticus/numbers?
Definition
purity
Term
what does the documentary hypothesis suggest about the authors of the torah?
Definition
the hypothesis suggest that there were four main authors strands documents that all combine to make up the torah
Term
how do the commandments in exodus differ from those in deuteronomy?
Definition
different order wording
Term
what do the ram issac and abrhamd represent in the story of binding isaac
Definition
according to augustine, the ram and isaac repersent jesus
Term
which bibical sources use which different names for God why is this important?
Definition

J source- Yahwa

P God

This is important because you can tell who the writer is

Term
what four major types of crisicism associated with the hebrew bible? what are their concerns?
Definition

source: the bible itself reference other books, change in literary registers, father of source crisism in the 19th century is wellhausen

Form: Gunkel in the 19th century purpose is to tell how the text related to people livess

redaction: explains why things were left in taken out and it reveals biases

literary views things froma certain lens

 

 

Term
what is the main goal for people in gensis
Definition
to have a creation story
Term
what is the Gods promise to Genesis to abraham and his decendants?
Definition
land and children
Term
what were the first bible remains ever found?
Definition

codex vaticanus

codex siniticus

codex alexandrias

Term
what is the significance of sinai?
Definition
its the manifestation of God
Term
who could read the vulgate?
Definition
priest and monks in europe
Term
how many plagues did God use towards the people in egypt
Definition
10
Term
explain the preistly heirarchy?
Definition
the decendants of aaron were priest and the tribe of levi helped them
Term
how do the rituals shift and change from genesis to exodus?
Definition
they get more extreme
Term
what is the torah and what books are included it
Definition
first 5 books of the bible
Term
what is the only book in the old testament that enver mentions god?
Definition
esther
Term
what are the primary sources of the torah?
Definition
JEPD
Term
what makes a person impure
Definition
childbirth, eating unclean food
Term
was the flood story in genesis influence by other relgious writing?
Definition
yes it was influence by writing of mesopotamia there are two many similarties between the epic of gilgamesh and the flood story of noah
Term
what is Sitz Im Leben and why is it important for biblical studies?
Definition
what stories revel about people Sitz im leben (sitatuion of light"
Term
what is the Hebrew name for the book of numbers?
Definition
Bam idbar = in the desert
Term
what is qapparah? where is it discussed in the bible?
Definition
purification, day of atonement, levitius
Term
what is the septuagint
Definition
the acient greek translation of the hebrew bible
Term
what does the cannon mean?
Definition
Greek= rod/stick or cathloic church law
Term
what was the purpose of the scapegoat?
Definition
1 goat carried away the sings of all the people, it was sacrificed to a demon 1 goes was sacrfriced to yahweh
Term
name some similarties and differences between the flood stories in gilgamesh and in gensis
Definition

similiaties- flood, build a boat at the command of God, surivive the flood

differences- reason for the flood, what can be taken on the boat and what coems out the arc

Term
what is midrash?
Definition
commentary of old jewish scribes
Term
why are the bird narratives in genesis/gilamesh so different does it make a difference?
Definition
in genesis both birds return (dove and raven) in gilgmash the dove returns but raven does not
Term
why are there more curse than blessings in dueteronomy?
Definition
is it to emphazise the importance of folling the law of god
Term
why is circumision important to whom?
Definition
sets the israelites apart from the canannites and sign of the covenant
Term
who is the hebrew bible different from the catholive old testament and the protestant old testament
Definition
the order of the books in judaism its (Torah prophets writing) in christianity its (torah writings prophets)
Term
hhow did the discovery of the dead sea scrolls impact bibical studies?
Definition
gavce a snapshot of jewish writings
Term
who is josephus?
Definition

roman jewish scribe chose people to write the septuagint

shows the hebrew bible has 22 books, chronicles and exra/nehemiah later divide

Term
when was josiah reform?
Definition
621 BCE
Term
what does ex nihilo mean and why is it relevant to gensis
Definition
ex nihilo is latin for out of nothing and explians how most christians view genesis instead of the original view that god created the world out of choas and the pre existing waters
Term
why was enuma elish written?
Definition
it was the babylonian epic of creation
Term
who printed the first bible
Definition
gutenber germany 1450s
Term
what was the reason for the flood in the bible? in gilgamesh? in atrahasis?
Definition

in the bible: mankind is evil

in gilgamesh: not specific; humans becoming to numerous

in Atrahasis: mankind to loud

Term
when was the bible translated into latin
Definition
400 CE
Term
what is a myth? is the bible myth?
Definition
myth: the shared beliefs values and stories of people which may or may not be ture. in the snese the hebrew bibe is myth
Term

who are the patriarchs? and why are they called that

 

Definition
fathers of isreal and abraham, isaac jacob and joseph
Term
what are the hebrew names for the first five books of the bible?
Definition

genesis: bereshith

Exodus: shemot

Leviticus: vayikra

Numbers: bamidbar

Deuteronomy: devarim

Term
what are the dead sea scrolls
Definition
a collection of 972 texts from the hewbrew bible and extra bibical documents found between 1947 and 1956 on the northwest shore of the dead sea
Term
what is henotheism?
Definition
the belief and worship of a single god while accepting the prossible existence of other deities
Term
what was the call of isaiah?
Definition
to tell people of their hardened hearts coal was palced on his tongue upon seeing the throne room of God
Term
what was zephaniahs main concern?
Definition

judgement and wickedness

1. idolatry esp during josiahs reign

2. foregin attire and mixing with assyrian culture

Term
name and describe 3 types of prophets?
Definition

professional

symbolic

culture criticis

miracle workers

seers

Term
what happened to the philistines when they capture the Ark?
Definition
attacked by plagues and Dagon was destroyed
Term
why was samuel split into two books and what was it split into?
Definition
because it was to long and it was split into 1 and 2 samuel
Term
what happened in 722 BCE
Definition
assyrian attacked amaeria the north kingdom and exiled the israelites there
Term
what was almost all of deuteronomy writeten in 1 2 or 3rd person?
Definition
2nd
Term
what was josiahs reform?
Definition
to purge jerusalem of idolarty and repair damages to the temple
Term
who ws the only female judge
Definition
deborah
Term
what happened in 922 BCE
Definition
kingdoms split into north and south
Term
why did the kingdom of israel split
Definition
labor disputes; the people were overburdened and ask rehoboam to lighten their load instead of making it worse and the people rebel
Term
how is the book of joshua divided
Definition
1-12 conquest of canaan 13-21 allotment of land 22-24 epologue
Term
what 4 models aruge how joshua shouldnt be taken as truly historical?
Definition
immigration, conquest, revolt, gradual emergence
Term
what were the 2 origin stories of first and second kings?
Definition
temple and divided monarchy
Term
what are some themes in the bible of judges?
Definition
cycle of sin and redemption, importance of upholdong the covenant, israels distinct nature as a people israel right to claim land
Term
what wre the problems when saul went to see the witch of endor?
Definition
it is against the law, and the witch magic worked
Term
when was judges written
Definition
722 bce
Term
what was the sin of jeroboam
Definition
workship outside of jerusalem; allowed the worship of idols at their high places
Term
when does deuteronomistic history first appear in the hebrew bible?
Definition
joshua
Term
which prophet married a prositute to prove a point?
Definition
hosea
Term
in what year was the north conquered and by whom
Definition
586 BCE Babylonians
Term
what year was the north conquered and by whom?
Definition
722 BCE Assyrians
Term
why do the deuteronomists claim the kingdom fell?
Definition
they were not following the ways of the lord and because of their sins and their fathers sins they were punished by God but not with out warning
Term
how does samson resemble Jesus in?
Definition
he died a scrificial death
Term
who were the judges?
Definition
othniel, ehud, deborah, barak, gideon, abimelech, tola, jair, jephthah, lbzan, elon, abdon, samson, eli, and samuel
Term
what were 3 books the deuteronomusts used to write kings?
Definition

the book of acts of solomon

the book of the annals of the kings of israel

the book of the annals of the kings of judah

Term
were the accounts of kings and chronicles the same?
Definition
no both tells similar accounts bu leave rather important stories out. also chronicles main concern is with the temple, kings is with the davidic line
Term
Joshua was portrayed as the new??
Definition
moses
Term
why (according to the dueteronomists) does god occassionally abandon israel?
Definition
failure to keep commandments; thodicy god turns punishment of israel into mmode to conqure the philistines gods and people
Term
who was josiah and why was he sginificant?
Definition
he was the judean king who centralized worship
Term
why was it important that the axe had to be recovered (when it hit the water and sank)
Definition
it was borrowed and it was against the law to lose something borrowed
Term
who recovered the ace head from the river
Definition
elisha
Term
true or false/ dietary laws can be seen as inspiration to meditate on ones purity and the completeness of god
Definition
true did marry douglass say this?
Term
given an example of miracle performed by elisha
Definition
healong leprosy of naaman
Term
who was taken up in a chariot of fire?
Definition
elijah
Term
what was sauls downfall?
Definition
his disobedience- he did not obey samuels orders to perform herem on the philistines but instead kept some of the livestock for sacrifice  
Term
What are the two different stories of how David is chosen to be the new King?
Definition
one was that he was anointed by Samuel and the other...was he the harp player for Saul? i think so, and he gained the king’s favor so much so that Saul gave him his daughter Abigail as his wife. David and Goliath was one, Harp player for saul was the other
Term
What are the different models of conquest revision?
Definition
Joshua’s campaign for the promise land: the conquest model, the immigration model, the gradual emergence model, and the revolt model
Term
Who was Saul?
Definition
-First king of united monarchy who leads way for David. anointed by Samuel
Term
Who takes the Ark in 2 Samuel?
Definition
Philistines
Term
What was the source of Samson’s strength?
Definition
His hair, because he was a Nazarite, devoted to God (Nazarites don’t cut their hair)
Term
Which books are in the Deuteronomistic history?
Definition
Joshua, Judges, Samuel, Kings
Term
What is the Deuteronomists’ main concern?
Definition
Ritual cult, centeralization of worship
Term
How did Israelites view the monarchy?
Definition
pro-monarchy D strand, 621 BCE: God appointed Saul (and kings in general) as king to rescue the people
monarchy suspicion D starnd, 586 BCE: God ought to be the king (theocracy), and judges and priests should be the only authorities
Term
Who housed Samuel as a boy?
Definition
Eli the high priest
Term
What’s the name of the prophet who made the horns?
Definition
Zedekiah
Term
Who brought children back from the dead?
Definition
Elisha and Elijah
Term
How did Elijah “die”?
Definition
He did not die, but was taken up to heaven in a whirlwind, or fiery chariot
Term
Who was the first prophet to write down his sayings?
Definition

Amos (or someone else wrote them down for him)

Term
When did the Northern Kingdom Fall? Southern Kingdom?
Definition
722BCE; 586BCE
Term
What does David want to build for God?
Definition
David wanted to build a temple/house for God.
Term
Why was the ascension of Solomon a problem?
Definition
he was an illegitimate heir and not the first-born
Term
Who is the key Deuteronomistic hero?
Definition
Josiah!
Term
What 2 key people groups made up the Israelites(sic)
Definition
nomads and canaanites?
Term
Who conquered the Southern Kingdom?
Definition
Babylon
Term
Who was present on the mountain when Moses received the Law?
Definition
he goes all the way up by himself, but I think he had some levitical posse who stayed somewhere lower on the mountain...
Term
Why did Jeroboam start a revolution against Solomon?
Definition
-forced labor -- i don’t think so. that was Jeroboam against Solomon’s son, Rehoboam
Term
What are the similarities between Moses and Joshua?
Definition
  • Moses led the Israelites out of Egypt to go to canaan
  • Moses crosses the red sea
  • Moses sent spies (in Numbers)
  • Alots land east of the river of Jordan
  • Joshua leads them into Canaan
  • Joshua crosses the Jordan
  • Also sent spies to Jericho
  • Joshua alots land west of the river of Jordan
Term
What’s the ideology of the Deuteronomists?
Definition
-Centralization of worship in Jerusalem/the Temple
Term
What does the book of 2 Samuel tell us about the monarchy?
Definition
-Who would inherit the kingship (Solomon)?
Term
What is the conquest model?
Definition
Where the Israelites went out with military strength and conquered the surrounding lands -- much like the biblical account
Term
What is the gradual emergence model?
Definition
Where the Israelites gradually emerged out of the areas and eventually took over the area/assimilated
Term
How did the Deuteronomist prepare David to be king?
Definition
Saul was portrayed in a bad light, i.e. Israel needed a new king
Term
What are three promises of God to David?
Definition
Destroy all enemies, great name, land, dynasty, kingdom, his son will build the temple
Term
What were the goals of Josiah’s reforms?
Definition
centralization of worship; reparation of the temple; follow the Torah, including festivals
Term
What were the southern prophets mostly focused on?
Definition
Critical of the North, using them as an example to be obedient to God
-Also about the Davidic king
Term
Why was Samuel considered a God?
Definition
he was called to life by the witch of Endor
Term

What does Judah Maccabee’s name mean?

Definition
The hammer
Term

What is Job’s response to God’s monologue?

Definition

Job abandons his lawsuit against God, but his charges have not been answered

Term

What is the purpose of the Psalms?

Definition
praise
Term

What did Ezra restore?

Definition
the law of moses
Term

What books mention the “logos”?

Definition
ben sira
Term

What books were included in the wisdom writings?

Definition

Proverbs, Job, Eccclesiastes, Wisdom of Solomon, Baruch, Ben-Sirah

Term

What were some of the books in the later part of the Bible that had a mention of the afterlife?

Definition

Wisdom of Solomon

David

Term

What is the overall idea of the book of Proverbs?

Definition

To teach you how to life; Fear and be humble before God, God created the world using wisdom

Term
who was the first to give Eve the blame?
Definition

Ben Sira

Term

Daniel and Maccabees are responses to what Greek ruler’s reign?

Definition

Antiochus IV

Term

How many Psalms are attributed to David?

Definition
73
Term

What is doxology?

Definition

Doxology means word of praise

Term

What was the general purpose of wisdom literature?

Definition

The general purpose was to teach you how to live, such as in proverbs because they have little sayings that teach you a lesson. Fear and be humble before God, God created the world using wisdom

Term

What were some of the purposes of Daniel?

Definition

Reaction to Antiochus IV

-Political quietism

Term

What deutero-canonical wisdom book played a major role in the discovery of the Cairo Geniza and what was found there?

Definition

Ben Sira; Cairo Geniza is a synagogue full of medieval Hebrew writings, among them the original writings of Ben Sira

Term

What important theology that is big in Christianity first shows up in the wisdom of Solomon?

Definition

The idea of an eternal soul

Term

What does “Judith” mean in Hebrew?

Definition

“Woman of Judah” or “Jewish woman”-- recalls the name of Judah the Maccabee

Term

What is Leviathan?

Definition

A sea monster representing violence and turmoil in Job

Term

What is Purim?

Definition

Purim is the holiday of the killings in Esther (When the Persian King gave the Jews permission to kill). Now a celebration where everyone dresses up and drinks in the synagogue

Term

Who does Jonah preach to?

Definition

Ninevites, eventually

Term

Who is Ruth the ancestor of?

Definition
david
Term

Where was Ruth from?

Definition

Moab; she is a Moabite

Term
who wrote Ben Sira prologue
Definition
his grandson
Term
when was the cairo geniza discovered
Definition
geniza storehouse, sizeable portion of hebrew verison of ben sirah was found 1875
Term
which of the apocryphal wisdom books was actually written by whom it was claimed to be written by?
Definition
ben sira
Term
why was it a controversial matter to include song of solmon and esther in the hebrew canon?
Definition
Gods name is never mentioned
Term
what is the word for the study of the end times?
Definition
eschatology
Term
which angel appears in tobit?
Definition
Raphael
Term
which books discuss God creating wisdom beofre the earth?
Definition
ben sira
Term
how do we know wisdom of solomon is not original?
Definition
full of greek philosophical language unheard of during king solomons time
Term
who do we know ben sirah is original?
Definition
there is aletter from his grandon in the beginning
Term
what book mentions ha satan?
Definition
job
Term
what is the unifying theme of proverbs?
Definition
to teach you how to live
Term
wht do the maccabees advocate?
Definition
revolt against hellenization and against the defilemnt of the temple
Term
what was jobs first test?
Definition
GOd takes away his family
Term
how was the book of daniel divided
Definition

1-6 court tales

7-12 apocalypse

Term
who opened the greek gymnasium in jerusalem?
Definition
jason
Term
who were daniels three friends?
Definition

shadrach meshach and abednego

Hebrew- hannaniah, mishael, azariah

Term
what book supports resurrection?
Definition
daniel
Term
what was maccabees written as a response to?
Definition
david
Term
what is the hebrew name for ecclesiastes
Definition
qohelet
Term
how does the concept of a panopticon relate to the book of job?
Definition
panopticon was a prison where the guard could see all parts of the prison job felt like gods eyes could see everything like this
Term
what event does purim celebrate?
Definition
when the king of persia gave the jews permission to kill their enemies ion the book of esther
Term
what is a novella give one example?
Definition
prose fiction in the form of a short story: ruth
Term
who was ruths lover
Definition
boaz
Term
where was the first mention of resurrection?
Definition
daniel
Term
who first blamed eve for the sin of mankind
Definition
ben sira
Term
what is the name of the speaker in ecclesiastes
Definition
qohelet
Term
job was a non israelite (true or false)
Definition
true
Term
750000 pages of hebrew writing were found inw hat building
Definition
cairo- geniza
Term
what is the theme of ecclesiastes
Definition
everything is meaningless and everything is unjust
Term
Ben sira was originally written in greek or hebrew?
Definition
hebrew
Term
what are the two things jason did
Definition

opened a gymnasium

support worship of dyanisis

promoted the wearing of hats

Term
what kind of tale is esther
Definition
court tale
Term
in what book does a bird book in someones eye
Definition
tobit
Term
what is logos
Definition
greek word for "word"
Term
what book was the first to mention eternal life?
Definition
wisdom of solomon
Term
What is Sitz Im Leben?
Definition
setting in life
…. Also known as form criticism.
Term
What is wisdom personified as in Proverbs?
Definition
a woman
Term
Why does ha-satan believe Job is bad?
Definition
ha-satan claims Job only thinks God is good because nothing bad has ever happened to him.
Term
Which book contains the author Qohelet?
Definition
Ecclesiastes
Term
who did ben sirah not like
Definition
woman
Term
Which prophets were concerned primarily with eschatology?
Definition
minor
Term
In what years did Babylon attack Judah?
Definition
568
Term
What does satan/ha-satan mean?
Definition
translates to the opposer (or the adversary)(Or the accuser)
Term
What is the role of the professional prophet?
Definition
serve in the king’s court and predict blessings
Term
what prophet tells people to listen but not to understand
Definition
Isaiah
Term
What was the name of the Second Temple?
   
Definition
Zerubbabel’s temple
Term
What are the divisions of Jeremiah?
Definition
oA.) Poetic Oracles
o B.) Narrative materials about Jeremiah himself- written in first person
o C.) Prose Sermons- sermons where he touches on a lot of topics, not written in poetry
Term
What was the name of God’s chariot?
Definition
-Merkavah
Term
What is “theodicy”?
Definition
The understanding/study of ‘Why do bad things happen to good people?’
Wisdom literature says that if a person is good, they will have life and rewards.
Term
What was the main idea of Habakkuk?
Definition
Complains to God that he doesn’t see the violence, injustice, destruction, wickedness on Earth. – Why do bad things happen to good people= Theodicy. 
Term
Name 2 “latter prophets”.
Definition
-Jeremiah, Isaiah, Ezekiel
Term
Who was the prophet who anointed David?
Definition
Samuel
Term
Name 2 “former prophets”(?)
Definition
-Elisha, Elijah, Micaiah ben Imlah
Term
What minor prophet’s book is anonymous?
Definition
Malachi’s
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