Term
| displacement and velocity |
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Definition
accurate description of particle displacement
needs a vector
amount of particle displacement per unit of time
unit of time= velocity (c) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
change in velocity
vector= m/s
ex: car is going 65 mph then changes to 75 mph
acceleration = 10 mph |
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Term
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Definition
a push or a pull
mass x acceleration
or
F=MA
or A (accelration)
A= F/M
F=Force
M=mass |
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Term
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Definition
measured in dynes or newtons
we use dynes
100,000 dynes= 1 Newton |
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Term
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Definition
is created when force is applied to a surface area
measured in Pascals (Pa)
dynes/cm2 |
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Term
| what is the least amount of pressure a human ear can detect? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the pain threshold of the human ear? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
the range between the least amount of pressure and the threshold of pain
.0002 dynes/cm2 -> 200,000,000 dynes/cm2 |
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Term
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Definition
power is the capacity to exert energy of force
measured in horsepower or WATTS |
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Term
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Definition
| is created when power is distributed over an area measured in watts/cm2 |
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Term
| what is the lowest intensity a human ear can detect? |
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Definition
| 1x10^-16 (exponent)watts/ cm2 |
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Term
| what is the threshold of pain for intensity?? |
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Definition
| 1 x 10^-2 (exponent) watts/cm2 |
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Term
| What is the relationship between intensity and pressure |
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Definition
| intensity = pressure squared |
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Term
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Definition
helps the size of the larger numbers
there are two types of logs
-natural log (to the base 10)
-common log (any other base) |
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Term
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Definition
| is the same as a ratio scale |
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Term
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Definition
ratio between whatever sound is being measured and the softest sound a human can detect
Pressure= X/.0002 dynes/ cm^2
Intensity= X/1 x 10^(-16) -exponent
where x is whatever sound you are measuring |
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Term
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Definition
decibel is 1/10 of a bel
to convert from bels to decibels multiply by 10
4.3 bels=43 decibels |
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Term
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Definition
any sound that is not sinusoidal
composed of 2 or more sine waves
most of what we listen to is complex
graphed on a spectrum
when adding 2 sine waves add the instantaneous amplitudes
complex waves can be periodic or aperiodic |
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Term
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Definition
-a complex is wave is any sound wave that is not sinusoidal
-complex waves consist of a series of sinusoidal waves that can differ in amplitude, frequency and phase
this is called a Fourier series |
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Term
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Definition
repeats itself over time
complex waves can be periodic |
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Term
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Definition
the doubling of frequencies
its a ratio 2:1
200:100 |
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Term
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Definition
combo of sounds not harmonically related
-continuous |
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Term
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Definition
unwanted sounds
-psychological definition |
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Term
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Definition
complex aperiodic sound
-instantaneous amplitudes that vary over time |
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Term
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Definition
-a type of white noise that has random amplitudes but more in the middle of the spectrum
-when graphed will have a bell curve
contains all freq and random phases |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
sounds- short duration
-brief acoustic events
-click (example)
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Term
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Definition
a transient
-shorter the duration of the click the more freq your going to find in the click
-aperiodic
-more freq in clicks the broader the spectrum |
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Term
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Definition
resonant freq= fnat
which is governed by the mass of the object and the stiffness
-you can force something to vibrate NOT at its natural freq |
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Term
| The principal of resonance |
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Definition
periodic force (ex:vibrating fork) is applied to an elastic system (ex: hard surface)
-system is forced to vib at freq of applied force not the nat freq.
the closer the freq of the applied force is to the fnat (nat freq) of the system the greater the amplitude of vibration (loudness increases) |
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Term
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Definition
is a frequency specific elastic system that allows the freq of the vibrating object to be modified
(only allows in certain freq) |
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