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hearing loss in adults
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42
Health Care
Graduate
08/24/2009

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Term
hearing loss involving problems with the external or middle ear
Definition
conductive
Term
hearing loss associated with problems of the inner ear:
Definition
sensorineural
Term
which has equal loss of hearing in all refquencies?
Definition
conductive
Term
which has better hearing at low frequencies?
Definition
sensorineural
Term
which has well preserved speach discrimination?
Definition
conductive
Term
which cranial nerve may be involved in sensorineural hearing loss?
Definition
CN VIII
Term
3 causes of conductive hearing loss:
Definition
1. cerumen impaction
2. trauma
3. otosclerosis
Term
define presbycusis: conductive or sensorineural?
Definition
age related hearing loss: sensorineural
Term
6 causes of sensorineural hearing loss:
Definition
1. presbycusis
2. noise damage
3. genetic disorders
4. meniere disease
5. ototoxic drugs
6. sudden hearing loss
Term
causes of cerumen impaction:
Definition
wax build up, and pt induced impaction from q-tips
Term
longitudinal fracture is asscoc. w.:
Definition
conductive hearing loss via ossicular disruption
Term
transverse fracture (less common) is assoc. w. :
Definition
sensorineural hearing loss via vestibular/cochlear destruction
Term
define otosclerosis:
Definition
stiffness of the ossicles
Term
otosclerosis results is what type of hearing loss?
Definition
progressive conductive hearing loss of low frequency range
Term
2 major causes of otosclerosis:
Definition
1. inherited condition in autosomal dominant pattern: women>men
2. bone degeneration disorders may cause stapes fixation
Term
which frequency is affected in presbycusis?
Definition
high frequncies
Term
associated with dificulty in speech discrimination and central auditory processing of information
Definition
sensorineural hearing loss; presbycusis
Term
most common cause of preventable hearing loss:
Definition
NIHL: noise induced hearing loss
Term
susceptablility to NIHL may be influenced by:
Definition
genetics
Term
what type of hearing loss is NIHL
Definition
sensorineural
Term
NIHL causes damage to the:
Definition
hair cells of the cochlea
Term
increased pressure within the inner ear endolymphatic system
Definition
meniere disease
Term
the increased pressure in meniere disease casuses destruction of:
Definition
vestibular and cochlear hair cells
Term
4 symptoms of meniere disease:
Definition
1. vertigo
2. fluctuating hearing loss
3. tinnitus
4. ear fullness
Term
does Meniere disease have a genetic influence?
Definition
yes
Term
what is the mean age range for meniere disease?
Definition
50-65
Term
ototoxic drugs cause damage to:
Definition
cochlear or vistibular apparatus
Term
ototoxicity symptoms
Definition
bilateral high frequency hearing loss and tinnutis
Term
abrubt rapidly progressive hearing loss
Definition
idiopoathic sudden hearing loss
Term
4 postulated etiologies for idiopathic sudden hearing loss:
Definition
1. viral infections
2. vascular compromise
3. intracochlear membrane rupture
4. immune mediated inner ear disease
Term
common diagnostic criteria for idiopathic sudden hearing loss
Definition
hearing loss of >30dB over 3 contiguous puretone frequencies
Term
describe a positive Rinne test:
Definition
ac>bc = positive
Term
what does a negative Rinne test mean?
Definition
bc>ac = negative; conductive hearing loss
Term
Rinne test & sensorineural hearing loss
Definition
bone conduction & air conduction are both equally depreciated, maintaining a relative difference of ac>bc = positive (normal)
Term
Weber test and conductive hearing loss:
Definition
sound is louder in the ear that is problem
Term
Weber test & sensorineural
Definition
sound is louder in the better ear
Term
patients are screened negative for hearing loss if they can hear:
Definition
40dB tone at 2000Hz in both ears
Term
define: tympanometry
Definition
method of testing the middle ear and the mobility of the tempanic membrane
Term
which method is the cornerstone of most auditory examinations?
Definition
pure tone testing
Term
which people may not benefit from hearing aids?
Definition
those with poor speach discrimination or with central auditory processing problems
Term
4 styles of hearing aids:
Definition
1. BTE
2. ITE
3. ITC
4. CIC
Term
6 contraindications for cochlear implants:
Definition
1. defness due to lesions of CN8 or brainstem
2. absence of hair cells
3. chronic mid ear infections
4. TM perforation
5. lack of realistic expectations
6. lack of desire to develop oral communication.
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