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Health quiz flash cards
cards for quiz in Health
20
Health Care
9th Grade
12/07/2006

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Term
Nutrition
Definition
anything (food or drink) that we put into our bodies.
Term
Nutrient
Definition
any substance necessary for proper function and growth of body.
Term
6 Essential Nutrients
Definition
Carbohydrates, Proteins, Fats, Vitamins, Minerals, and Water
Term
Carbohydrates
Definition
the sugars and starches in foods and drink. 55-65% of daily calories from carbs.
Term
Carbohydrates
Definition
the sugars and starches in foods and drink. 55-65% of daily calories from carbs. Primary source of evergy (bodies chief fuel). 4 cal/1 gram.
Term
2 types of carbs
Definition
Simple- quick energy from sugar, sweets, candy, soda, fruits, veggies, milk. converted to glucose.
Complex- long lasting energy gained when breads, grains, pastas, cereals, nuts, seeds,. Broken down by digestion and converted to glycogen (stored energy) if not used it is stored as fat.
Term
Fiber
Definition
tough stringy parts of fruits and veggies, skins, grains, nuts,and seeds
Cant be digested
Cleans the digestive track
Lowers cholesterol
Lowers colon cancer
Prevents intestinal problems
Term
Proteins
Definition
From the Greek meaning "of Prime Importance"
-4 calories per gram
-made up of building blocks called Amino Acids
-10-15% of daily calories
-Nutrient that helps build and maintain body tissues
-help hair, skin, and nails grow
-come from foods of animal origin
-effects mental devlopment
-resist infection
-secondary energy source
Term
Two types of proteins
Definition
Complete- contains all missing 9 Amino Acids
Incomplete- missing some Amino Acids
-Body needs 20 Amino Acids but only produces 11 get the other missing 9 from foods
Soy is a complete protein
Term
Fats
Definition
A type of lipid or fatty substance that does not dissolve in water
-9 calories per gram
-25-30% of calories should come from fat
-keeps the skin, hair, and nails healthy
-adds flavor to foods
-builds brain cells
-cushions organs
-takes longer to digest
-secondary source of energy
-carries and transports vitamins A,D,E, and K (in blood and stores)
-cholesterol
-coats and protects nerves
-helps produce hormones
-helps produce bile acids
-necessary for proper liver function
Term
Two types of fats
Definition
Saturated- solid at room temp
-unhealthy
-high in cholesterol
-only 1/3 of your fat calories should be saturated
Unsaturated- Comes from plant sources and is liquid at room temp
-oils/veggie, corn, olive
-Make and unsaturated a saturated>add hydrogenation liquid>solid
Term
Vitamins
Definition
a compound necessary for many body functions and processes; metabolism, digestion, absorption
B- grains, cereals, breads, has a great deal to do with metabolism and digestion
C- citrus fruits, veggies, potatos
-strenthens blood vessels
-keeps the immune system healthy
A- keeps the skin, hair, nails, eyes healthy
-green and yellow veggies, fruits, dairy products
D- Bone formation and helps prevent depression
-meat and dairy products
E- Helps build and maintain cells
-cereals and grains, green veggies, hand lotion
K- necessary for normal blood clotting
-leafy green veggies and cheese
Term
Mineral
Definition
naturally occuring inorganic substances necessary for many chemical reactions and body functions
Term
Two types of minerals
Definition
macro- needed in amount greater than 100mg, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium
Electrolytes- Control fluid balance in body Iron, Zinc, Copper, Iodine
Iron produces red blood cells and helps to transport O2 (oxygen)
Iodine treats cuts and resists infections
Term
Water
Definition
The most important nutrient nothing else can happen in the body without enough
-Bodies made up of 70-75% water
-need 6-8 glasses a day
Term
Signs of dehydration
Definition
-headaches
-dizziness
-low energy
-cramps
-nausea
-vomitting
-low attention
-lower focus
-bad mood
-irritable
-will die in 2-5 days without water
Term
Dieting
Definition
-lack of nutrients-malnurishment, decreases bodily function, hightens chance for sickness and disease
-No one ever stays on a diet/ too drastic
-screw up your metabolism/ metabolism adjusts to calories you take/when you get off the diet you eat in old way/ metabolism slows to adjust
-up and down weight/weight cycling
-Diet pills/increse metabolism, lets you eat all you want/ decreases appetite/ addictive/ ^ chance for sickness, immune system goes down/ increase risk of disease
Term
Lifestyle Change
Definition
-Improve knowledge
-eat to much/ eat less/ take your time, chew more
-More balance and variety (all nutrients)
-Decrease junk food and sweets
-More fruits and veggies
-Decrease saturated fats
-Decrease sodium
-Drink more water
Term
Eating Disorders
Definition
Anorexia Nervosa and Bulemia Nervosa
Term
Anorexia Nervosa
Definition
-rapid weight loss
-not eatting
-eating extremely small amounts
-obsessed with calories
-tons of exercise
-control issue
-self-esteem issue
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