1). A person's real and percieved, internal and external resourses as well as circumstances that modify how stress is experienced and its effects.

KEY Stress Moderators

• Ilness Apprehension
• Function Deficits
• Pain Sensitivity
• Social Isolation/Support
• Future Outlook
• Spirituality

1). The person's focus and awareness of changes in bodily sensations; in terms of response to stress or disease.

1). The individual's tendency to be overly sensitized or reactive to pain.

1). The individual's tendency to be overly sensitized or reactive to pain.

1). The real or percieved degree to which the person has social resources, and the subjective feelings of isolation.

1). Pessimism/Optimism regarding outcomes.

1). The degree of belief in greater power outside of self.

1). The process of attemping to mange te perceive discreptency between demand of a situation, and the resources they appraise to be there.

2 Coping Method Categories

• Emotion-Focused Coping
• Problem-Focused Copingq

1). Aimed at controlling the emotional response to the stressful situation. These tend to emerge more often when a person appraises that nothing can be done to change a situation. These coping strategies come in 2 forms:

• Cognitive - How you think about the stressor.
• Behavioral - Actions taken to reduce emotional responses.

1). Aimed at reducing the demands of the stressful situation or expanding personal resources in order to deal with it.

2). Come into play more often when people percieve that either their resources or the siuation's demands are changeable. What do people do to address the problems directly?

1).problem-focused)  

Planful problem-solving

2). Confrontive coping (problem---focused)

3). Seeking Social support (problem or emotion-focused), can also include emotional discharge

4). Distancing (emotion-focused)

5). Escape-avoidance (emotion-focused)

6). Self-control (emotion-focused)

7). Accepting responsibility (emotional-focused)

8). Positive Reapprasial, can also include Cognitive