Term
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Definition
| The relapse prevention (RP) model regards addiction as a collection of maladaptive habit patterns. |
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Term
| Relapse prevention is seen as |
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Definition
| A generic term that refers to a wide range of strategies designed to prevent relapse in the area of addictive behavior change |
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Term
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Definition
| Maintenance in the habit-change process |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Specific interventions incorporating relapse prevention are: |
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Definition
-Identifying specific high-risk situations for each client
-Enhancing the client's skills for coping with those situations
-Increasing the client's self-efficacy
-Eliminating myths regarding alcohol's effects
-Managing lapses
-Restructuring the client's perceptions of the relapse process |
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Term
| Purpose of Relapse Prevention |
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Definition
To prevent the occurrence of initial lapses
and/or to prevent any lapse from escalating into a full relapse |
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Term
| The overarching theoretical direction |
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Definition
| Addictive behaviors are conceptualized as overlearned habit patterns rather than addictive diseases. |
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Term
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Definition
| Addictive habit patterns can be changed through the application of self-management or self-control procedures. |
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Term
| The role of the therapist / health professional |
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Definition
| Teach the client to be his or her own “maintenance man” in the habit-change process. (Self-Control) |
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Term
According to Marlatt -
Self-control encompasses strategies or techniques in 3 main areas: |
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Definition
-Acquiring adaptive coping skills
-Fostering new cognitions (attitudes, attributions, and expectancies)
-Developing a daily lifestyle that includes positive self-care activities |
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Term
| The model categorizes all factors or situations that can |
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Definition
| precipitate or contribute to relapse episodes. |
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Term
| Relapse prevention 2 categories |
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Definition
-Immediate determinants
-covert antecedents |
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Term
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Definition
| High risk situations, person’s coping skills, outcome expectancies, and the abstinence violation effect |
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Term
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Definition
| Lifestyle imbalances, urges and cravings |
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Term
| Treatment approaches based on the RP model begin with: |
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Definition
1 Assessing the environmental and emotional characteristics associated with relapse (e.g. high-risk situations).
2 Analyzing the individual’s
responses to these situations
lifestyle factors that increase the individual’s exposure to high-risk situations
Based on this careful examination of the relapse process, the therapist then devises strategies to target weaknesses in the client’s cognitive and behavioral repertoire and thereby reduce the risk of relapse. |
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Term
| Cat. 1: Immediate Determinants of Relapse |
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Definition
| The RP model postulates that high-risk situations, and the individual’s response to these situations, play a central role in the relapse process. |
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Term
| Success with behavior change = |
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Definition
| increased self-efficacy as change continues |
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Term
| Effective coping responses = |
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Definition
reduce the likelihood of relapse
& increases the person’s confidence that they can deal with the situation |
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Term
| Immediate Determinants of Relapse |
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Definition
People with ineffective coping responses will experience decreased self-efficacy.
Together with the expectation that alcohol (or drug) use will have a positive effect (i.e. positive outcome expectancies), this can result in an initial lapse |
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Term
| abstinence violation effect |
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Definition
This lapse, in turn, can result in feelings of guilt and failure
The abstinence violation effect, along with positive outcome expectancies, can increase the probability of relapse |
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Term
| Negative emotional states |
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Definition
(anger, frustration, anxiety, depression, boredom).
Caused by intrapersonal perceptions of certain situations (e.g. feeling bored or lonely after coming home from work) or by reactions to environmental events (e.g. being made redundant) |
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Term
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Definition
| (e.g. situations involving conflict associated with any interpersonal relationship, in particular family or love relationship) |
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Term
| Five High-Risk Situations |
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Definition
-Social pressure
-Positive emotional states
-Exposure to alcohol-related stimuli or cues
-Testing one’s personal control
-Non-specific cravings |
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Term
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Definition
| The person’s response to the high risk situation that determines whether they will experience a lapse. |
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Term
| A person that can execute _______ ______ ________(e.g. a behavioral strategy, like leaving the situation, or cognitive strategy like self-talk) is _____ likely to lapse than one with an ineffective coping strategy |
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Definition
effective coping strategies
less |
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Term
| A person who copes successfully with a high-risk situation gains ____________, while a person who does not cope loses |
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Definition
self esteem
self esteem
Perceives themselves as lacking the motivation or ability to resist drinking in a high-risk situation |
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Term
| Research suggests that people who drink the ________ tend to have higher expectancies about the positive effects of alcohol (i.e. outcome expectancies) and may anticipate only the immediate positive effects while ignoring the potential negative consequences of excessive drinking. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| These positive outcome expectancies may become particularly salient in high-risk situations, when the person expects alcohol to help them cope with their negative emotions or conflict |
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Term
| Abstinence Violation Effect |
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Definition
A lapse does not always lead to a full-blown relapse.
Thought to depend primarily on the person’s attributions about the cause of the lapse and how they cope with the cognitive and affective reactions to it. |
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Term
| 2 cognitive-affective components comprise AVE |
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Definition
Personal attribution
Cognitive dissonance |
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Term
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Definition
If the person attributes the lapse to a cause that is internal, stable and global, such as personal weakness or failure (e.g. I’m a failure, I can’t do this), they are more likely to experience a full-blown relapse.
In this case, the person is more likely to blame themselves for the lapse, feel guilty about it, and experience decreased self-efficacy. |
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Term
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Definition
A slip is also thought to be more likely to lead to relapse if the person has a strong image as a recovering addict who has made a long and effortful commitment to abstinence.
The occurrence of a behavior that directly contradicts that self-image (e.g., using).
This state of inconsistency is typically experienced as guilt, shame, or general upset. |
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Term
| The AVE dictates that a lapse may lead to full blown use if: |
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Definition
| Personal Attribution & Cognitive Dissonance both play a large role in the initial lapse |
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