Term
| What are the purposes of the nose and sinuses? |
|
Definition
| identify odors (CN 1), air passage, adjust temperature and humidity of inspired air, voice resonance, decreased weight of head, produce mucus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| diminished sense of smell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the causes of nosebleeds? |
|
Definition
| local irritation, lack of humidity, sneezing or nose blowing, trauma, hypertension (vessles in nose break), blood dyscrasias (disorders) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| outside portion of septum |
|
|
Term
| Procedure for inspection of internal structures of nose |
|
Definition
| 1. otoscope (avoid chin and septum with handle - away from midline) 2. lift tip of nose before insertion 3. direct speculum posteriorly and up 5. support head |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bright pink (turbinates are lighter pink) - should NOT be red |
|
|
Term
| purpose of the mouth and throat |
|
Definition
| emit air for talking and breathing, passageway for food and liquids, begin digestion, identify tastes (CN IV), protect from aspitation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tobacco use, excessive alcohol consumption |
|
|
Term
| Risk sites for oral cancer |
|
Definition
| floor of mouth, ventrolateral tongue, soft palate |
|
|
Term
| warning signs of oral cancer |
|
Definition
| 1. sore in mouth that bleeds easily (Doesnt heal) 2. lump in cheek 3. white or red patch on gums, tongue, or lining of mouth 4. soreness or feeling something is caught in throat 5. difficulty chewing/swallowing 6. difficulty moving jaw or tongue 7. numbness of tongue or other areas 8. poor fit of dentures or discomfort |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| benign film on toungue that is white, not raised, and can scrape off |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant - white raised patches that don't scrape off of tongue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| malignant - red, velvety, can't scrape off |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| normal: pink; abnormal: circumstantial pallor (anemia), cyanotic (low oxygen), cherry red (CO poisening, aspirin overdose) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cracking at corners of mouth |
|
|
Term
| mouth mucus membrane color |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| opens into cheek by 2nd molar |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when you bite down, do your back teeth meet |
|
|
Term
| Normal appearance of gingivae |
|
Definition
| stippled, tightly adhering, peaked between teeth, dark skinned may have dark line along gingival margin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| red, shiny, swollen, hyperplasia (over growth), receding (can result in nerve exposure) |
|
|
Term
| large fissure down tongue |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| normal ventral surface of tongue and floor of mouth |
|
Definition
| shiny, smooth, darker in color, veinss, frenulum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| openings for submandibular glands on either side of frenulum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| shape of hard and soft palates |
|
Definition
| done-shaped (palatine torus) - bony ridge down hard palate can indicate narfan's syndrome or be a normal variation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hypoglossal; stick out tongue: should be midline without tremors (affected: tongue will deviate to affected side); toungue strength: push against cheek against resistance (use muscle strength scale) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| IX = glossopharyngeal, X = vagus; say "ah": symmetrical rise of uvula and palatine arches and uvula stays midline; gag reflex; check voice quality for hoarseness (^ 2 weeks: refer), swallowing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 20 deciduous teeth (by age 2.5 yrs) -> under age 2: age in months-6=number of teeth |
|
|
Term
| considerations for older adults (mouth) |
|
Definition
| decreased sense of taste, dental changes, decreased saliva (side effect of meds or medical condition) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
