Term
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Definition
elevated, fluid-filled,round or oval-shaped, palpable mass with thin, translucent walls and circumscribed borders
smaller than 0.5 cm
Ex: herpes simplex/zoster, early chickenpox,poison ivy, and small burn blisters |
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Term
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Definition
elevated, fluid-filled,round or oval-shaped, palpable mass with thin, translucent walls and circumscribed borders
larger than 0.5 cm
Ex: herpes simplex/zoster, early chickenpox,poison ivy, and small burn |
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Term
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Definition
an elevated, often reddish area with irregular border caused by diffuse fluid in tissues rather than free fluid in a cavity, as in vesicles
size varies
insect bites andhives (extensive wheals) |
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Term
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Definition
an elevated, pus-filled vesicle or bulla with circumscribed border; size varies;
acne, impetigo, and carbuncles/boils |
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Term
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Definition
elevated, encapsulated, fluid-filled or semisolid mass originating in the subcutaneous tissue or dermis;
1 cm or larger
sebaceous cysts/epidermoid cysts |
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Term
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Definition
| an allergic rxn marked by multiple discrete swellings on the skin (wheals) that are intensely itchy and last up to 24 hours; chest, back, extremities, face or scalp; aka hives |
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Term
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Definition
| crust, scale, fissure erosion, ulcer, excoriation, scar, atrophic scar, lichenification, keloid |
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Term
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Definition
translucent, dry, paperlike, sometimes wrinkled skin surface, resulting from thining or wasting of the skin due to loss of collagen/elastin
ex: striae, aged skin |
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Term
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Definition
wearing away of the superficial epidermis causing a moist, shallow depression; heal w/o scarring;
stratch marks, ruptured vesicles |
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Term
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Definition
a rough, thickened, hardened area of epidermis resulting from chronic irritation such as scratching or rubbing;a protective mechanism
Chronic dermatitis |
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Term
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Definition
shedding flakes of greasy, keratinized skin tissue; may be white, gray, or silver; texture may vary from thick to thin;
dry skin, dandruff, psoriasis, and eczema |
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Term
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Definition
dry blood, serum, or pus left on the skin surface when vesicles or pustules burst; red,brown,orange,yellow; large crusts that adhere to the skin surface are called scabs;
eczema, impetigo, herpes, or scabss following abrasion |
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Term
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Definition
a deep,irregular shaped area of skin loss extending ito the dermis or subcutaneous tissue/ may bleed or leave a scar;
decubitus ulcers (pressure sores), stasis ulcers, chancres; also occus w/HIV and diabetics |
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Term
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Definition
a linear crack with sharp edges, extending into the dermis;
cracks at the corners of the mouth or in the hands, athlete's foot |
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Term
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Definition
flat, irregular area of CT left after a lestion or would has healed; new scars may be red/purple; older scars may be silvery/white
healed surgical wound or injury; healed acne |
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Term
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Definition
an elevated, irregular, darkened area of excess scar tissue caused by exvessive collagen formation during healing; extends beyond the site of the original injury; more common in African-Americans;
ear-piercing/tatoos or surgery; genetic; hypertrophic |
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Term
| CONFIGURATIONS/SHAPES OF LESIONS |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
lestions with a circular shape
tinea corporis, pityriasis rosea |
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Term
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Definition
lesions that run together
urticaria |
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Term
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Definition
lesions that are separate and discrete
malluscum |
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Term
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Definition
lesions that appear in clusters
purpural lesion |
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Term
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Definition
| lesions that are coiled or twisted |
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Term
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Definition
| lesions with concentric circles of color |
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Term
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Definition
lesions that appear as a line
scratches |
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Term
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Definition
lesions that are circular but united
psoriasis |
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Term
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Definition
| lesions are arranged in a linear manner along a nerve route |
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Term
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Definition
| ERYTHEMIA, CYANOTIC, JAUNDICE |
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Term
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Definition
| depressed, level, slightly raised/palpate to determine |
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Term
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Definition
| discrete, coalescing (joining together), target, demarcated |
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Term
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Definition
| millimeter, quarter, pea size, greater than 0.5 cm |
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Term
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Definition
| vesicular, crust, pus, blood |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| INSPECT & PALPATE HAIR FOR.... |
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Definition
| color, texture; fine, thick, straight, kinky; distribution, lesions or pests; |
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Term
| INSPECT & PALPATE NAILS.... |
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Definition
| shape & contour-perform the profile sign; consistency; capillary refill-depress nail edge to blanch and release; norm is 1-2 sec...more, abnormal |
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Term
| NORMAL FINDINGS FOR SCALP/HAIR |
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Definition
scalp smooth w/no flaking, scaling, redness, open lesions, lice, ticks, etc...
hair-shiny, soft; evenly distributed |
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Term
| NORMAL FINDINGS FOR NAILS |
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Definition
smooth, round edges; curvature-slighty flat&curved; smooth surface; nml. angle of nail base; uniform thickness; firm nail base;
clubbing? |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
flat, irregularly shaped lesion ranging in color from pale red to deep purple red; color deepens with exertion, emotional response, or extreme temps;present at birth and does not fade; large flat mass of bld vessels;
commonly appears on the face/head but may occur at other sites |
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Term
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Definition
bright red strawberry mark, raised lesion about 2-10cm; do not blanch;present at birth or within a few month of birth; disappears by age 3; cluster of immature capillaries;
appears on any part of the body/may require surgery |
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Term
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Definition
varicose veins; flat blue lesion with radiating, cascading, or linear beins extending from the center; ranges in soze frp, 3-25cm; a type of talangiectasis (vascular dilation/spider veins) caused by increased intravenous pressure in superficical veins;
anterior chest/lower legs near varicose veins |
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Term
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Definition
flat red/purple rounded freckles; 1-3mm; do not blanch/difficult to detect in dark skin;
minute capillary hemorrhages resulting from fragile capillaries; septicemias, liver disease or vit c or k deficiency; anticoagulant therapy; holding breath; clotting disorder;low platlets
appears on dependent surfaces of the body; may be seen in the oral mucosa/conjunctivae in dark skin clients |
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Term
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Definition
flat, irregularly shaped lesion of varying size with no pulsation; does not blanch; in light skin starts as a bluish purple mark that changes to greenish/yellow; in brown skin it appears as a darkened area;
release of blood from superficial vesels due to trauma, hemophilia, liver disease, or deficiency of vitamin C or K
occurs anywhere on the body at the site of trauma or pressure |
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Term
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Definition
raised, irregularly shaped lesion similare to ecchymosis (bruise) except it elevates the skin and look like a swelling;
leakage of bld into the skin/subcutaneous tissue as a result of trauma or surgical incision |
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Term
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Definition
| gray, blue, or purple spots in the sacral/buttocks areas of newborns; 90% African decent/80% Asian/Native American decent; fade during the first yr |
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Term
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Definition
| freckles, measles and petechiae; |
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Term
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Definition
| loss of color;face, mouth, conjuctivea, and nails; occurs in fair and dark skin (check the mucous membranes for dark skinned clients) |
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Term
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Definition
| yellow due to increased billirubin in the blood; |
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Term
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Definition
| mottled blue color due to inadequate tissue perfusion with oxygenated blood; ck nails, lips, oral mucosa, tongue; |
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Term
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Definition
| redness due to increasesd bisibility of nml oxyhemoglobin; face and upper chest |
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Term
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Definition
| fungal infection; body, scalp or the feet; doesn't tan; aka roundworms(not really worms) |
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Term
| COMMON HAIR/SCALP ABNORMALITIES |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| flaking, scaliness, redness or open lesions |
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Term
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Definition
| metabolic disorders/nutrition deficiencies may cause hair to be dull, coarse,and brittle |
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Term
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Definition
| patchy hair loss; may be due to infection |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| excessive hair growth in unusual places, especially in women; could be a side effect of hormone therapy or medication |
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Term
| COMMON NAIL ABNORMALITIES |
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Definition
| clubbing-lack of oxygen; grooves, ridges, pitting-chemo patients; brittle thickening, swelling; |
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Term
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Definition
| separation of the nail plate from the nail bed, occurs with trauma, infection or skin lesions |
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Term
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Definition
| a concave curve/iron dificiency |
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Term
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Definition
| used to assess clubbing; ends of fingers become enlarged, soft, and spongy; the angle b/t the skin and the bail base is >160 degrees |
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Term
HEAD/NECK
INCLUDING REGIONAL LYMPHATICS |
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Definition
| structure/function;subjective data/health history Q&A; objective data/physical exam; abnormal findings; such as... throid, lymph glands, neck vessels |
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Term
| HEAD: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION |
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Definition
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Term
| NECK: STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION |
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Definition
| neck muscles, thyroid gland*, trachea, bones, and neck vessels* |
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Term
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Definition
| largest gland, butterfly shaped; located at the anterior portion of the neck; lies over the trachea and the sternocleidomastoid muscles covering the lateral aspects of the lobes |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| NODES ARE PALPABLE WHEN INFECTED/ENLARGED |
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Definition
| MUST KNOW ALL LYMPHATIC NODES; USE CIRCULAR MOTION TO PALPATE |
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Term
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Definition
| behind the ear,over the outer surface of the mastoid bone |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| behind the tip of the mandible at the midline (chin) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| digastric/having 2 bellies; said of certain muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| anterior to and over the sternocleidomastoid muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| posterior to and under the sternocleidomastoid muscle (neck) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| headache, head injury, dizziness, neck pain, limitation of motion, lumps or swelling, history of head/neck surgery? |
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Term
| DEVELOPMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS |
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Definition
| fontanels, thryoid enlargement, older adults-nose & ears continue to grow |
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Term
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Definition
| "soft spot" on a baby's head;anterior spot is diamond shaped; closes completely @ 18-24 months;should be nice and level; if sunken...could be dehydrated; elevated...swelling in the brain |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| enlarged thyroid; due to iodine deficiency |
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Term
| OBJECTIVE DATA: HEAD, FACE & NECK |
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Definition
Inspect the skull: size/shape of head; temporal area: artery
Inspect the face: facial structures/symmetry
Inspect the neck: symmetry, nodules, ROM: chin to chest, L to R, ear to shoulder |
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Term
| OBJECTIVE DATA: HEAD, FACE & NECK |
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Definition
| Palpate the head, lymphy nodes, trachea, thyroid gland, ROM; Tip head to side evaluating to relax the muscle; use small circular direction; Chart as descrete, nonpalpable, small, round, denies pain |
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Term
| PALPATING THE THYROID GLAND |
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Definition
1)stand behind the person/can do from the front
2) have person bend head slightly forward and to the right
3)palpate rt side by displacing slightly with left hand and having person to swallow;
4)thyroid tissues moves upward/fixed may indicate a tumer/cancer
5)normally cannot palpate |
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Term
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Definition
| indicative of stenosis (narrowing) of the vessel |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when there is a decrease in production of thyroid hormones; results in lowered basal metabolism; mostly in females b/t ages 30-50; fatigue, weakness, weight gain, constipation, memorm impairment |
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Term
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Definition
| excessive production of thyroid hormones; enlargement of the gland, exophthalmos (bulging eyes), fine hair, weight loss, diarrhea |
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Term
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Definition
| enlargement of the head cause by inadequate drainage of cerebrospinal fluid; resulting in abn. growth of the skull |
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Term
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Definition
| enlargement of the bones, and facial features due to increased growth hormone; abn. pituatary gland |
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Term
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Definition
| brain attack, stroke, or cerebrovascular accident (CVA) |
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Term
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Definition
| a temporary disorder affecting the CN VII and producing a unilateral facial paralysis; may be caused by a virus |
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Term
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Definition
| increased adrenal hormone production leading to a rounded "moon" face, ruddy cheeks, prominent jowls, and excess facial hair |
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Term
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Definition
| trisomy 21;having 3 homologous chromosomes per cell instead of 2; defect causing varying degrees of mental retardation and characterists facial features...slanted eyes, flat nasal bridge, flat nose, protruding tongue, and a short broad neck |
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Term
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Definition
| a disorder characterized by epicanthal folds, narrow palpebral fissures, a deformed upper lip below the septum of the nose, and some degree of mental retardation |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| above-average amt of body hair; genetic; incorrect--wolfman or wookieeism |
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Term
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Definition
| peruvian mummy--1,000 yr.old nits! |
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Term
HEALTH & ASSESSMENT
N3313
SKIN HAIR NAILS HEAD NECK
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1)epidermis - basal cell layer (makes new cells), horny cell layer, origin of skin color
2)dermis - CT and elastic tissue
3)subcutaneous |
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Term
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Definition
hair
gland - sebaceous and sweat
nails |
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Term
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Definition
| secrete sebum through hair follicles/oil |
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Term
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Definition
eccrine - produces sweat all over the body
apocrine - produces sweat at the axillae and peineal area |
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Term
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Definition
physical barrier from injury, chemicals, thermal and UV sources
prevents penetration of microrganisms, loss of H2O and electrolytes
perception,temp regulation, production of vit. D, ID, communication - touch, wound repair, absorption.excretion |
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Term
| Skin Development Considerations |
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Definition
Infants -immature integrity and function until puberty/lymphatic
Pregnancy - hormonal changes-preg. mask/ BC pills
Older adults - atrophy, think subq. disappears |
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Term
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Definition
| elasticity at clavicle/normal if it springs back/hydrated |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
controls skin tone
protects skin against UV |
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Term
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Definition
asians/native americans - mild body odor
whites/blacks - strong body odor |
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Term
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Definition
genetic
blacks: fragile, dry, thick
asians: silky/straight |
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Term
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Definition
Previous history of diagnosis
change in pigmentation/moles
puritus/itching
excessive moisture-hot flashes
dryness-eczemia
bruising/leukemia/clotting
rash/lesion
meds/orange-yellow color
hair loss/stress
change in nails/nutrition |
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Term
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Definition
palpate only; inspect for consistency w/genetic background/pigmentation-freckles, moles, birthmarks;
self-care behaviors...sunscreen, moisturizers, reg. checks for mole changes |
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Term
| WARNING SIGNS/COLOR CHANGES OF SKIN |
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Definition
erythema - red
pallor - white
cyanosis - blue |
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Term
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Definition
temp/dorsal aspect of hand/bilaterally
moisture/perspiration or dehydration
texture/smooth & firm
(unless maj. wt. loss)
thickness/uniformly thin
(except callus' on palms & soles) |
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Term
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Definition
| Primary, Secondary, and Tertitary Lesions |
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Term
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Definition
lesion develops on skin that was normal
forms naturally |
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Term
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Definition
changes overtime
scratching/infection |
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Term
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Definition
must describe exactly what is seen
color, elevation, shape, size, location, exudate |
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Term
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Definition
elevated, solid, hard or soft, palpable mass, deep into dermis, irregular border, larger than 2cm;
lipoma, carcinoma, hemangioma |
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Term
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Definition
elevated, solid, hard or soft, palpable mass, deeper than papule, circumscribed borders, 0.5-2cm:
small lipoma, squanous cell carcinoma |
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Term
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Definition
elevated, solid, palpable mass, circumscribed border, larger than 0.5cm,
psoriasis, actinic keratosis, lichen palms |
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Term
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Definition
elevated, solid palpable mass w/a circumscribed border, smaller than 0.5cm
elevated moles, warts, and lichen planus |
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