Term
| Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 |
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Definition
| A federal law that mandates that when people with limited english proficiency (LEP) seek health care in health care settings services cannot be denied to them |
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Definition
| At what age should the interviewer begin questioning a child about his or her symptoms? |
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Definition
This percussion note has a low pitch
-med/loud amplitude
-clear, hollow quality
-moderate duration
-over normal lung tissue |
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Definition
this percussion note has a lower pitch
-louder amplitude
-booming quality
-longer duration
-normal over a child's lung
-indicates problems such as emphysema in adults |
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Definition
this percussion note has a high pitch
-loud amplitude
-drumlike quality
-longest sustained duration
-occurs occurs over air-filled viscus |
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Definition
this percussion note has a high pitch
-soft amplitude
-muffled thud quality
-short duration
-occurs over a relatively dense organ |
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Definition
this percussion note has a high pitch
-very soft amplitude
-dead stop of sound quality
-very short duration
-occurs where no air is present |
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Definition
| the _______ end of the stethoscope is used for breath, bowel, and normal heart sounds |
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Definition
| Obesity is > _____% of ideal body weight |
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Definition
| What is the BMI for an under weight person |
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Definition
| What is the BMI for a normal weight person? |
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Definition
| What is the BMI for an overweight person? |
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Definition
| A waist-to-hip ration of ____ or greater in men or _____ or greater in women is indicative of android obesity |
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Definition
| a drop in systolic pressure of more than 20mm Hg, or orthostatic pulse increases of 20 bpm or more, occurs with a quick change to a standing position. These changes are due to abrupt peripheral vasodilation without a compensatory increase in cardiac output. |
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Term
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Definition
| with this disorder blood pressure is lower in the thigh than in the arm. |
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Term
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Definition
| what are the blood pressure ranges for prehypertension? |
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Term
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Definition
| what are the ranges for stage 1 hypertension? |
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Definition
| what are the blood pressure ranges for stage 2 hypertension? |
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Term
| waist circumference/hip circumference |
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Definition
| What is the formula for waist to hip ratio? |
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Term
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Definition
| with this, the heart rate varies with the respiratory cycle, speeding up at the peak of inspiration and slowing to normal with expiration. |
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Term
| arterial obstruction on the side with the lower reading |
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Definition
| What may a blood pressure difference of more than 10-15mmHg in the two arms indicate? |
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Term
| hypertension caused by a noncompliant arterial system |
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Definition
| what is an auscultatory gap usually caused by? |
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Term
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Definition
| an audible and and palpable crunching that accompanies movement |
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Term
| [(usual wt-current weight)/usual weight]x100 |
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Definition
| what is the formula for percentage weight loss? |
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Definition
| this term is used to describe fat an muscle wasting |
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Term
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Definition
| the measurement and evaluation of growth, development, and body composition |
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Definition
| Serum cholesterol levels of ___-___ are associated with moderate risk |
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Definition
| Serum cholesterol levels of ___ or more are associated with high risk |
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Term
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Definition
| what are normal cholesterol levels? |
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Term
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Definition
| normal triglycerides ages 0-19 are |
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Term
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Definition
| normal triglycerides ages 20-65 are |
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Term
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Definition
| what is the range for borderline triglycerides? |
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Definition
| what is considered high triglycerides? |
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Definition
| What is the normal total lymphocyte count for all age groups? |
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Definition
| this protein is not an early indicator of protein malnutrition because of its long half life |
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Term
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Definition
| this iron transport protein is a better indicator of visceral protein status and can be measured directly or indirectly by measuring total iron-binding capacity. |
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Term
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Definition
| what are the normal values for serum transferrin? |
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Term
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Definition
| this serves as a transport protein for T4 and retinol-binding protein. They are elevated in renal disease and reduced by surgery, trauma, burns, and infection. |
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Term
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Definition
| What is the normal range for prealbumin levels? |
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Term
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Definition
| this plasma protein is a marker of inflammatory status produced by the live, is used to monitor metabolic stress, and is not detectable in the blood of healthy individuals. |
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Term
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Definition
| this is due to inadequate intake of protein and calories or prolonged starvation- weight loss and subcutaneous fat and muscle wasting |
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Term
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Definition
| this is due to diets that may be high in calories but that contain little or no protein, this person will typically have a well nourished or edematous appearance |
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Term
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Definition
this is due to prolonged inadequate intake of protein and calories.
-muscle and visceral protein wasting along with immune incompetence.
-most closely associated with the highest risk of mortality |
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Term
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Definition
| pigmented keratotic scaling lesions resulting from a deficiency of niacin. Especially prominent in areas exposed to the sun. |
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Term
| follicular hyperkeratosis |
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Definition
| Dry, bumpy skin associated with vitamin a or linoleic acid deficiency |
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Term
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Definition
| Deficiency of vitamin c. gums are swollen, ulcerated, and bleeding. |
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Definition
| foamy plaques of the cornea that are a sign of vitamin a deficiency. |
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Definition
| "razor bumps"caused by shaving too closely |
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Definition
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Definition
| this word describes dry skin |
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Definition
| this word describes oily skin |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| the complete absence of of melanin pigment in match areas of white or light skin |
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Definition
| what is the medical term for freckles? |
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Term
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Definition
| what is the medical term for a mole? |
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Term
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Definition
| what may the nails of a person with a chronic iron deficiency look like? |
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Term
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Definition
| small (1-5mm) smooth, slightly raised bright red dots that commonly appear on the trunk of adults over 30 years old. |
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Term
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Definition
| When a lesion develops on previously unaltered skin it is ________ |
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Term
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Definition
| When a lesion changes over time or changes because of a factor such as scratching or infection it is _________ |
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Term
| congenital chronic cyanotic heart disease, emphysema, chronic bronchitis |
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Definition
| what is clubbing of the nails associated with? |
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Term
| cardiovascular or respiratory disfunction |
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Definition
| what should you consider if capillary refill takes more than 3 seconds? |
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Term
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Definition
| this is a blue-black/purple macular area at the sacrum or buttocks of an infant, but sometimes it occurs on the abdomen, thighs, shoulders, or arms. |
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Term
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Definition
| this is a large round or oval patch of light brown pigmentation that is usually present at birth |
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Term
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Definition
| this occurs when a baby is in a side-lying position and the upper half of the body blanches and the lower half turns red. |
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Term
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Definition
| a common rash that appears in the first 3-4 days of life. It consists of tiny, punctate, red macules and papules on the cheeks, trunk, chest back, and buttocks. no treatment is needed. |
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Term
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Definition
| this common newborn condition is a bluish color around the lips, hands, fingernails, feet, and toenails. |
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Term
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Definition
| a transient mottling in the trunk and extremities in response to coooler room temperatures. It may be more persistent or pronounced in infants that have down's syndrome or are premature |
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Term
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Definition
| common in about 1/2 of all newborns. A yellowing of the skin, sclera, and mucous membranes develops after the 3rd or 4th day of life because of the increased number of red blood cells the hemolyze after birth. |
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Term
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Definition
| This causes a yellow-orange tint in light-skinned people but no yellowing of mucous membranes. |
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Term
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Definition
| in infants, _______ are tiny white papules on the cheeks, forehead, and across the nose and chin caused by sebum that occludes the opening of the follicles |
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Term
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Definition
| a flat, irregularly shaped red or pink patch found on the forehead, eyelid, or upper lip but most commonly at the back of the neck in newborns. fades during the first year. |
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Term
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Definition
| an irregular brown patch of hyperpigmation on the face. It may occur during pregnancy or from the pill |
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Term
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Definition
| these are commonly called liver spots |
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Term
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Definition
| these look dark, greasy, and stuck on but do not become cancerous |
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Term
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Definition
| "skin tags" which are overgrowths of normal skin that form a stalk and are polyplike |
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Term
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Definition
| raised yellow papules with a central depression |
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Definition
| these lesions are circular, begin in center and spread to periphery ex: ringworm |
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Term
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Definition
| lesions that run together ex: hives |
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Definition
distinct, individual lesions that remain separate
ex: molluscum |
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Term
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Definition
| these are clusters of lesions ex: vesicles of contact dermatitis |
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Term
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Definition
| these lesions are twisted, coiled, spiral, and snakelike |
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Term
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Definition
| these lesions resemble the iris of the eye, concentric rings of color in the lesions (ex, erythema multiforme) |
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Term
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Definition
| this lesion is a scratch, streak, line, or stripe |
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Term
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Definition
| these are annular lesions that grow together |
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Term
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Definition
| these lesions are a linear arrangement along a nerve route ex: herpes zoster |
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Term
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Definition
| this is solely a color change ex: freckles, hyperpigmentation |
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Term
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Definition
| this is something you can feel, like an elevated nevus |
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Term
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Definition
| when papules coalesce to form surface elevation wider than 1cm they are called |
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Term
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Definition
| This is solid, elevated, hard or soft, larger than 1 cm. it may extend deeper into the dermis than a papule |
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Term
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Definition
| superficial, raised, transient, and erythematous; slightly irregular shape due to edema. ex: mosquito bite |
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Term
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Definition
| elevated cavity containing free fluid up to 1cm. Ex: chickenpox |
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Term
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Definition
| scooped out shallow depression. superficial, does not scar |
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Term
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Definition
| deeper depression extending into dermis. irregular shape, leaves scar |
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Term
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Definition
| self-inflicted scratches from intense itching |
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Term
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Definition
| A blue-purple dilation of venules and capillaries in a star-shaped linear or flaring pattern |
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Term
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Definition
| tiny punctuate hemmorhages 1-3 mm, round and discrete, dark red, purple, or brown in color. caused by bleeding from superficial capillaries; will not blanch. |
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Term
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Definition
| local inflammatory reaction to an irritant in the environment or an allergy. characteristic location of the lesion often gives clue. |
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Term
| Epidemic Kaposi's Sarcoma |
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Definition
| what are the skin lesions associated withs AIDS? |
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Term
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Definition
| difficulty breathing when supine |
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Term
| paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea |
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Definition
| awakening from sleep with SOB and needing to be upright to achieve comfort |
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Term
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Definition
| how many upper respiratory infections are common per year in early childhood? |
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Term
| marked atelectasis, pneumonia, throacic trauma, pneumothorax |
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Definition
| What conditions may cause an unequal chest expansion? |
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Term
| between the scapulae and around the sternum |
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Definition
| normally, where is fremitus the most prominent? |
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Term
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Definition
| ________ occurs when anything obstructs transmission of vibrations ex: obstructed bronchus, pleural effusions or thickening, pneumothorax, or emphsyema |
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Term
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Definition
| ________ occurs with compression or consolidation of lung tissue ex:lobar pneumonia |
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Term
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Definition
| vibration is felt when inhaled air passes through thick secretions in the larger bronchi. This may decrease somewhat by coughing |
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Term
| Pleural Friction Fremitus |
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Definition
| produced when inflammation of the parietal or visceral pleura causes a decrease in the normal lubricating fluid. It may be palpable and feels like two piece of leather rubbing together. |
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Term
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Definition
| these are not pathologic. They are short, popping crackling sounds that sound like fine crackles but do not last beyond a few breaths |
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Term
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Definition
| A markedly sunken sternum and adjacent cartilages. Congenital, not usually symptomatic |
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Term
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Definition
| A forward protrusion of the sternum, with ribs sloping back at either side and vertical depressions along costochondral junctions. usually does not require treatment |
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Term
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Definition
| rapid, shallow breathing. Increased rate >24 per minute. Normal response to fever, fear, or exercise. |
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Term
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Definition
| increase in both rate and depth of breathing |
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Term
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Definition
| a slow regular rate of breathing <10 per minute. happens in drug-induced depression of the respiratory center in the medulla |
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Term
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Definition
| An irregular shallow breathing pattern caused by an overdose of narcotics or anesthetics. |
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Term
| Cheyne-Stokes Respiration |
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Definition
| a cycle in which respirations gradually wax and wane in a regular patter, increasing in rate and depth and then decreasing |
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Term
| Chronic Obstructive Breathing |
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Definition
| A person with this sort of breathing may have a dyspneic episode in any situation calling for increased heart rate. |
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Term
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Definition
| When Auscultating this type of lung, you will herea vesicular sounds over the peripheral fields. Bronchvesicular sounds parasternally (anterior) and between scapulae (posterior). Infant and young child-bronchovesicular throughout. There will be no adventitious sounds. |
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Term
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Definition
| In this lung condition auscultation will reveal breath sounds decreased vesicular or absent over area. Voice sounds will be variable, usually decreased or absent over affected area. There will usually be no adventitious sounds, but maybe occasional fine crackles. |
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Term
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Definition
| In this respiratory condition Auscultation-Breath sounds louder with patent bronchus as if coming from the larynx. Voice sounds have increased clarity, bronchophony, egophony, whispered pectoriloquy present. In children, dimished breath sounds may occur. Adventitious sounds will be crackles, fine to medium. |
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Term
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Definition
| In this respiratory condition, Auscultation will be normal vesicular. Voice sounds will be normal, and there will be a chronic- prolonged expiration. Adventitious sounds will be crackles over deflated areas and possibly wheeze. |
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Term
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Definition
| In this condition Auscultation will have decreased breath sounds. May have prolonged expiration. Muffled heart sounds resulting from over distention of lungs. Adventitious sounds: Usually, there will be none, occasionally there will be wheeze. |
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Term
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Definition
| In this respiratory condition Auscultation: diminished air movement. Breath sounds decreased, with prolonged expiration. Voice sounds decreased. Adventitious Sounds: bilateral wheezing on expiration, sometimes inspiratory and expiratory wheezing. |
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Term
| Pleural Effusion (Fluid) or Thickening |
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Definition
| In this respiratory condition, Auscultation: Breath sounds decreased or absent. Voice sounds decreased or absent. When remainder of lung is compressed near the effusion, may have bronchial breath sounds over the compression along with bronchophony, egophony, whispered pectoriloquy. There will be no adventitious sounds. |
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Term
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Definition
| In this condition, Auscultation will be normal vesicular. Heart sounds include S3 gallop. Adventitious Sounds will be crackles at lung bases. |
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Term
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Definition
| in this respiratory condition Auscultation: Breath sounds will be decreased or absent. Voice sounds will also be decreased or absent. Adventitious Sounds: none |
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Term
| Pneumocystis jiroveci (AIDS Pneumonia) |
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Definition
| In this respiratory condition, breath sounds may be diminished. Crackles may be present bu often are absent. |
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Term
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Definition
| In this respiratory condition, there will be normal or decreased vesicular breath sounds. Crackles over upper lobes common, persist following full expiration and cough. |
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Term
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Definition
| In this respiratory condition, there will be tachycardia and accentuated pulmonic component of S2 heart sound. Crackles and Wheezes will also be present. |
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Term
| Acute Respiratory distress syndrome |
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Definition
| In this respiratory condition, auscultation will reveal tachycardia and crackles and rhonchi may be present. |
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Term
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Definition
| ask the person to reapeat "ninety-nine" while you listen with the stethoscope over the chest wall sounds soft muffled and indistinct over normal lung tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| auscultate the chest while the person phonates a long "ee-ee-ee-ee" sound |
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Term
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Definition
| ask the person to whisper a phrase like "one two three" as you auscultate |
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