California Occupational Safety and Health Administration (CaIIOSHA). It oversees almost every worker in the state except for federal employees. Cal/OSHA in turn is approved and monitored by the federal OSHA program.

enforce all regulations concerning worker safety and health on the job.

Title 8--Industrial Relations--of the California

Code of Regulations. (That code contains regulations governing state agencies.) 

other orders; if a topic is not mentioned in the CSO, then you are also regulated by the other orders. The updated official orders are the final auththis manual or any Cal/OSHA informational leafletority--taking precedence over

INJURY & ILLNESS PREVENTION PROGRAM (IIPP)

1 Identification of the person(s) responsible for implementing the IIPP

2 A system to ensure that employees comply with health and safety practices The system includes recognition, (re)training, and/or disciplinary actions.

Every employer must have a written IIPP that includes at least the following:

                                                                   3. A system for communicating with workers. For 10 or more employees, communication must be in

writing.

A system to identify and evaluate workplace hazards

Every employer must have a written IIPP that includes at least the following:

4.      A system to investigate work-related injuries and illnesses.

5.      A system to correct unsafe or unhealthy conditions.

6.      A system to provide training to employees.

Tailgate" or "toolbox" safety meetings of supervisors with employees must be held at least every

 10                                                                                                                                                                               -

working days

at least a monthly basis.

24 hr for other than medical observation or in which an employee suffers loss of any member of the

body or suffers any serious permanent disfigurement. 

as soon as practically possible but no longer than 24 hr after the employer knows or should have known about the event.

construction of trenches or excavations 5 ft or deeper that workers must enter;

You must obtain a DOSH permit for:

construction elevators,

and all large and some small air tanks

from any DOSH district or field office, including permits on an annual basis

Hazardous Substances

The employer must provide workers with 

"Material Safety Data Sheets" (MSDSs) and training when using any substance listed in the "List of Hazardous Substances" developed by the Director of the Department of Industrial Relations.

Access to Medical/Exposure Records

The employer must make records available within 

Blaster's License

Every blasting operation requires 

Powder-Actuated Tool Certificate

No one may operate a powder-actuated tool until he or she 

has received training as prescribed by the manufacturer and carries a valid operator's card for the tool

WORK AREAS

• Scrap lumber and debris must be kept

reasonably clear of work surfaces, passageways, and stairs

WORK AREAS

Ground areas within 6 ft of buildings under construction must be

kept reasonably free from irregularities.

work areas Storage areas and walkways on construction sites must be

WORK AREAS

Piled or stacked material must be placed in stable stacks to prevent it from falling, slipping, or collapsing.

• The face of a pile of cement bags more than 5 ft high must be tapered back.

WORK AREAS

Eye and Face protection

Eye protection or face shields

Foot Protection

Foot protection is required when 

workers are exposed to foot injury from hot, -corrosive, or poisonous substances, or from falling objects

Hand Protection

Hand protection is required for 

workers exposed to cuts, burns, electrical current, or corrosive or irritating substances.

Body Protection

Loose clothing, such as sleeves, ties, and cuffs, must 

not be worn around machinery in which it could become entangled. Workers must not wear clothing saturated with flammable liquids or corrosive or oxidizing agents.

Hearing Protection

Employers must monitor noise and administer a hearing conservation program when noise exposure is 

wear acceptable hearing protection. Note that for every 5 cIBA above 90 cIBA, the maximum allowed daily exposure decreases by one-half.

Sound Level

(CIBA)                      Max Time Day

                       90 ....8hr

                       95... 4hr

                100__2hr

                                                             105.....1 hr
                                                             110 ...½hr

must wear approved head protection.

Hard hats should be worn by everyone at a construction site. Long hair must be confined if there is a chance of entangling it in machinery, combustibles, or toxic contaminants

during blasting when dust may exceed limits specified in the General Industry Safety Orders (GISO)

• during blasting  with silica sand

Employees must wear air-supplying respirators:

where oxygen concentration falls below 19.5%

• where toxic material is present.

Employees must not be assigned to work requiring respirators unless they are physically able to work in one, as determined by a licensed physician

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Chemical Contaminants

Exhaust Emission

In addition to dilution ventilation or exhaust collection

an approved purifier device is required if emission exceeds the maximum acceptable concentration

Carcinogens

The employer must report to the Chief of DOSH any operations involving 

Wood Preservative Chemicals

-           The commonly used wood preservatives contain 

Use of appropriate respirators is required when 

Asbestos

An employer must report any anticipated operation or processes involving asbestos or asbestos-containing products to 

If material containing more than 0.1% asbestos (by weight) is sanded, ground, blasted, sawed, cut, shoveled, removed, or handled so as to produce dust during construction, repair, demolition, or salvage activities...

The spraying of materials containing asbestos is prohibited, except for:

The following work practices must be followed when using asbestos:

• Vacuum cleaners with IEIEPA filters must be used.

• Asbestos must be handled wet, if possible. Materials must be wetted before removal from containers unless exposure is controlled by ventilation.

• Asbestos waste and debris must be collected in sealed impermeable (leak-proof) bags • Respiratory protection for workers is required

• All material or scrap containing asbestos must be so labeled

• A training program is required for employees involved with asbestos: at the time of first hiring and at yearly intervals thereafter, except for certified asbestos workers. Initial and repeat medical exams must be given to workers exposed to asbestos.

0.1 fibers per cubic centimeter (f/cc) of air, averaged over an 8-hr period This is called the Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL). Only fibers longer than 5 microns are counted.

1.0 f/cc air averaged over a 30-min period. The possibility of exposure above those values requires caution signs, protective clothing, a change room, and notification of both the employee and the Chief of DOSH.

An employer is responsible for seeing that the air at the jobsite is monitored for asbestos when the concentration may be more...

Flammable Vapors   

Ventilation in enclosed places must be sufficient to prevent flammable vapor concentration from exceeding 

Confined Space

         A confined space is defined as an area where:

1.      the existing ventilation does not remove air contaminants or replace oxygen-deficient air; AND 2 ready access, exit, or removal of a suddenly-disabled employee is difficult

Before employees are allowed to enter confined spaces (e.g., tanks, vats, boilers, ducts, etc.), the air must be tested for contamination and oxygen deficiency:

1 CONTAMINATION may be due to flammability of a gas or vapor (a concentration greater than 20% of its lower explosive/flammable limit), presence of a combustible particulate (a concentration greater than 20% of the minimum explosive concentration), or a poisonous substance present at a level immediately hazardous to life or health

2.      OXYGEN DEFICIENCY is defined as air in which the concentration of oxygen is less than 19.5% by volume.

Ventilation is required if testing reveals a hazard. Working in a confined space where dangerous air contamination exists requires:

appropriate respiratory protection

• a safety harness attached to a retrieval line and equipment

• one employee standing by with a respirator, trained in CPR • one additional employee within sight or call

• effective means of communication between the employee in the confined space and the stand-by employee

• on-going atmospheric testing

• provisions for ready entry and exit where feasible.

First Aid

First aid kits must be provided at all job sites. Emergency medical services must be readily available. 

Sanitation

An adequate supply of potable (drinkable) water must be provided at each job site.

Sanitation

One washing station must be provided for every 20 employees or fraction thereof. Washing stations must be kept clean, have an adequate supply of water, soap, and single-use towels or a warm-air blower. They must be located so that any time a toilet is used the user can readily wash.

FIRE PROTECTION, PREVENTION, AND FIGHTING

The employer is responsible for establishing an effective fire prevention program. Portable fire extinguishers must be inspected 

Extinguisher

A                           

 "Ashes"                    wood & paper fires

Extinguisher

B

      "Barrels"   flammable liquids, oils, & grease

Extinguisher

c

Access

Safe unobstructed access is required to 

all working and walking surfaces regardless of the conditions or duration of the job The method of access may be by ladder, ramp, stairs, or their equivalent Access must be installed where there is a break in elevation of 18 inches or more at frequently traveled passageways, entryways, or exits

Access Prohibitions

Gaining access by climbing structures or walking on undecked floor supports...

At elevations over 15 ft high, walking on open beams or sliding down beams without safety belts...

No one may ride on

STAIRWAYS

Stairs are a safe method of access to floors and working levels of buildings and scaffolds, and must be installed as follows:

Stairs must be installed prior to raising studs for the next higher floor. • In steel frame buildings, stairs must be installed to each planked floor.

 • In concrete buildings, stairs must be installed to the floor that supports the vertical shoring system

• In all buildings/structures 2 or more stories (24 ft or more) in height or depth, suitable temporary or permanent stairways must be installed:

In all buildings/structures 2 or more stories (24 ft or more) in height or depth, suitable temporary or permanent stairways must be installed:

2-3 stories at least 1 stairway is required for access and exit,

3+ storie 2 or more stairways are required for access and exit

Stairs 

must be at least 24 inches wide and equipped with treads and handrails.

30-inch wide landing for every 12 ft of vertical rise. 

• Stairs must be properly lighted

LADDERS

Ladder rungs must be at least

Step ladders may not be 

taller than 20 ft.

• 

Cleat (straight) ladders may not be 

longer than 30 ft. 

Double cleat ladders are required for 

two-way traffic or when used by 25 or more employees.

• Extension ladders may not be taller 

than 44 ft. Overlapping sections must be at least 10 percent of the working length.

Job-Built Ladders

Ladders constructed on the job must safely support the intended load and:

• Cleats must be made from clear, straight-grained lumber.

• Spacing between cleats must be 12 inches.

• Cleats must be nailed at each end with three lOd nails or equivalent. 

Job-Built Ladders

Ladders constructed on the job must safely support the intended load and:

• Cleats must be blocked, strip-fastened, or notched into the side rails. • Single-cleat ladders must be 15" to 20" wide.

• Rails must be made from select Douglas fir (or the equivalent) without knots.

Landing Platforms

When ladders are used to climb to heights greater than 20 ft, landing platforms...

Ladder Safety• Secure ladders in use against movement• Don't stand on the top three rungs of rung ladders without handholds unless you are protected by a safety belt.

Do not place planks on, or stand on, the top of step ladders. Do not paint

ladders with opaque coatings, which can conceal structural flaws. (Clear

coatings are allowed.) Do not lash (splice) ladders together.

• Single-rail ladders are prohibited

• Do not use metal ladders near exposed electrical parts.                                            _i

  • Mark all portable metal ladders:

CAUTION--DO NOT USE AROUND ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

• Never lean a ladder against a window sash. Never place a ladder on an unstable base (e.g., a box) to gain height. Never reposition a ladder while standing on it.

.

• Remove damaged or defective ladders from use

• Store ladders horizontally with supports to prevent sagging. Storage on the ground is not recommended because of potential damage from heat, moisture, and boring insects.

Ramps and Runways

Open sides and ends of ramps 7-¹/2 ft or higher must be guarded with 

standard railings.

Foot Ramps

Ramps must be at least