Term
| Prevalence of Obesity and Overweight in Amish community vs. Average American |
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Definition
Obesity: 4% vs 31%
Overweight: 26% vs 65% |
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Term
| CDC report on college students |
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Definition
Overweight: 20% of women and 21% of men
Dieted: 42% of women, 17% of men
Exercised: 63% of women, 42% of men |
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Term
| Health Risks leading to CHD |
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Definition
High Cholesterol 1.4
Smoking 1.6
Diabetes 1.9
Depression 2.3 |
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Term
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Definition
| Depressed adults had a 31% higher rate of CV events. |
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Term
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Definition
| Less than 37% of adults with CHD adhered to an exercise training program after 1 year. |
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Term
| Prevalence of Heart Disease |
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Definition
#1 killer in America
48% of all deaths in the US due to heart disease, more than 500,000/yr.
Stroke adds another 425,000/yr. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Collapsers/cutters of bone matrix.
Release Ca to the blood. |
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Term
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Definition
| Bone builders. Take excess Ca from the blood and deliver it to the bones. |
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Term
| Polyunsaturates (fish oils, vegetable oils) |
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Definition
| Lower both LDL and HDL. Lowers blood clotting. |
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Term
| Monounsaturates (olive oil, canola oil) |
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Definition
| Lower LDL but have no effect on HDL. |
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Term
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Definition
| Raises both LDL and Total Cholesterol. Leads to higher risks of heart disease. |
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Term
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Definition
| Loss of minerals and matrix. Resorption > Formation. Causes: Menopause + Synthesis of vit. D less efficient with age. |
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Term
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Definition
Repetitive impulse loading (wear and tear)
Breakdown of bone
Remodeling of bone
Decreased shock absorption |
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Term
| Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) |
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Definition
Involuntary Activities 60-70% total energy exp.
Physical Activity: 10-40% can be increased.
Thermic effect of food - 10% |
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Term
| Obese rate of 20-74 year old adults. |
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Definition
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Term
| Overweight/Obese % in adults |
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Definition
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Term
| At what BMI do health risks start? |
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Definition
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Term
| # of obesity related deaths/year |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Diabetes Mellitus Type II
Heart Disease
Hypertension
Cancer
Stroke |
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Term
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Definition
| Usually caused by a defect in the heart early in life. |
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Term
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Definition
| Usually caused by a weak heart muscle. |
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Term
| Coronary Artery Occlusion |
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Definition
| Blockage of Arteries by build up of plaques. |
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Term
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Definition
Lack of Blood supply caused by atherosclerosis.
Symptoms: Angina pectoris, EKG, S-T segments depression. |
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Term
| Myocardial Infarction causes |
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Definition
| Lifestyle factors. Synergism of these factors. |
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Term
| High blood Pressure/ Hypertension |
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Definition
| Causes overworking of the heart and arteries, could cause heart failure. |
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Term
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Definition
| Active in Lipid Transport. Carry lipids to liver and deliver Triglyceride to cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| Deliver triglyceride to cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| Deliver cholesterol to cells and to arteries. BAD cholesterol. |
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Term
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Definition
| Scavenge cholesterol from cells and arteries, returns to liver for excretion. Protective against heart disease. GOOD cholesterol. |
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Term
| What is necessary to absorb Ca? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Blood sugar goes up and stays up. |
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Term
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Definition
| Caused by an inability of the pancreas to produce insulin, causing sugars to stay in the blood. 10% of diabetics. |
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Term
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Definition
| 90% of Diabetics. Cells become resistant to action of insulin. Reversible to some extent. Exercise causes cells to become more reactive to Insulin. |
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Term
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Definition
| VO2 decreases, max HR decreases, lung capacity decreases, muscle mass decreases by 1 lb/year, fat increases by 1 lb/year, BP increases, effects the senses. |
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