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HEALTH 236: Minority Health 1
Ch. 1-7 Minority Pop. and Health Voc.
25
Health Care
Undergraduate 1
10/06/2008

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Term
Psychosocial Factors
Definition
Factors referring to the person-level. Meditated by individuals, such as health behavior (smoking, inactivity, substance abuse, coping with stress)
Term
Context Theory
Definition
Theory that consists of differences in race/ethnicity in the community context in which people live. (socioenvironmental)

These are risk exposure theory and resource deprivation theory.
Term
Racial/Ethnic Segregation
Definition
Using the Index of dissimilarity, it is shown that racial segregation has been shown to be a consistent predictor of health outcomes and a partial explanation for race disparities in health. Leads to Risk Exposure and Resource Deprivation theory.
Term
Risk Exposure Theory
Definition
A high prevalence of social or environmental health risks in predominantly minority communities leads to a higher prevalence of disease and death.
Term
Resource Deprivation Theory
Definition
Minorities are more likely than Whites to live in communities that are lacking in the necessary infrastructure to support a healthy lifestyle.
Term
Weathering Hypothesis
Definition
The health status of minorities begins to prematurely deteriorate in young adulthood.
Term
John Henryism
Definition
individuals with lower social status are routinely exposed to psychological and socioeconomic stressors, which require them to exert considerable energy daily to manage the psychological consequences generated by chronic stress.
Term
Immigration and Acculturation
Definition
foreign-born persons have better health outcomes than US born counterparts.
Term
Racial discrimination
Definition
beliefs, attitudes, institutional arrangements, and acts that tend to denigrate individuals or groups because of phenotypic characteristics or ethnic group affiliation
Term
Biopsychosocial model
Definition
views racism as a stressor
Term
Hispanic epidemiological paradox
Definition
Hispanics have more favorable outcomes (in many causes of death) than non-Hispanics
Term
Biogenetic-environmental interactions
Definition
the unknown effect of race/ethnicity on health condition
Term
slave hypertension hypothesis
Definition
the higherprevalence of hypertension among African Americans is a result of selective survival (salt)
Term
health care disparity
Definition
differences in the access, use, quality, or outcomes of health care services received by racial/ethnic minorities
Term
health disparity
Definition
differences in the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and burden of diseases and other adverse health conditions that exist among specific population groups in the United States.
Term
Health Care Dissimilarity
Definition
racial/ethnic differences that are not caused by underlying inequities; for example, differences produced by patient cultural preferences or patient choice.
Term
health status disparity
Definition
differences among racial/ethnic groups in health status (that is, morbidity, mortality, functional status, or disability)
Term
Predisposing Factor
Definition
measures the patient's inclination to use health services; this includes the patient's attitudes toward using care, which are influenced by cultural beliefs, prior experiences, and perceptions.
Term
Enabling Factor
Definition
relate to structural or material resources that can be barriers or facilitators in seeking care. examples are having health insurance, ability to take off sick time from work, having access to transportation, or having a relationship with a health care provider
Term
Cultural Competence
Definition
the demonstrated awareness and integration of three population-specific issues: health-related and cultural values, disease incidence and prevalence, and treatment efficacy"
Term
access of health care
Definition
largely caused by socioeconomic inequities, such as discrimination or differences in health insurance coverage.
Term
quality of care
Definition
minorities often face the prospect of seeking care in facilities with fewer resources. also, when they obtain access to similar facilities as Whites, they often receive less optimal treatment.
Term
Mental Health
Definition
the successful performance of mental function, resulting in productive activities, fulfilling relationships with other people, and the ability to adapt to change and to cope with adversity
Term
mental health problems
Definition
signs and symptoms of insufficient intensity or duration to meet the criteria for any mental disorder
Term
mental illness
Definition
the term that refers collectively to all mental disorders, which are health conditions characterized by alterations in thinking, mood, or behavior associated with distress or impaired functioning
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