Term
| Affect 20% of the population in the US |
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Definition
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Term
| Are headaches more prevalent in men or women? |
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Definition
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Term
| Can be associated with systemic diseases, fever, and increased BP |
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Definition
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Term
| HIS 3 classifications of headaches |
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Definition
Primary
Secondary
Cranial neuralgias |
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Term
| Mild to severe, intermittent headache; neurologic symptoms include fluctuating consciousness |
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Definition
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Term
| Sudden onset, sever and constant headache, elevated BP; can cause change in consciousness |
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Definition
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Term
| Mild to severe headache; neurologic symptoms include hemiparesis, visual changes, and brainstem symptoms, such as vomiting, altered consciousness |
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Definition
| Increased cranial pressure |
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Term
| Severe headache with radiation down neck; acute illness and fever; positive Kernig's sign |
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Definition
| Meningitis, viral and bacterial |
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Term
| Mild to severe headache; local or distant infection; fever may not be present; neurologic signs consistent with local site of infection |
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Definition
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Term
| Localized headache and focal neurologic symptoms; cranial nerve symptoms often seen |
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Definition
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Term
| Localized headache and focal neurologic symptoms; cranial nerve symptoms often seen |
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Definition
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Term
| Generalized headache, pulsating; other signs may be present |
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Definition
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Term
| Frontal or dull headache, usually worse in the morning; increased pain in cold damp air; nasal discharge |
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Definition
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Term
| Name 3 classifications of primary chronic headaches |
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Definition
Tension-type
Migraine
Cluster |
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Term
| Headache associated with muscle tension/contractions; the most common type of headache; can last minutes to days; most people have less than 15 per month; chronic, bilateral, and constricting |
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Definition
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Term
| Etiology is related to a previous trauma; can also be a result of recurrent psychological stress. |
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Definition
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Term
| Can be initiated by stress and anxiety; commonly a result of a referred pain originating at the cervical spine; referred pain from inadequate posture which can cause change in the length-tension relationship of soft tissues; commonly found in the geriatric population |
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Definition
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Term
| These headaches become more frequent over time. Pt reports dizziness, lack of coordination, and gait problems |
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Definition
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Term
| How can tension-type headaches be treated? |
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Definition
Analgesics
-If high level of anxiety is present, tranquilizers or anti-anxiety meds be be indicated |
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Term
| As a PT what do you do with a pt who has tension-type headaches? |
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Definition
-Exam C-spine
-Tx C-spine if indicated
-Rule out other types of headaches |
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Term
| Name the 2 types of migrains |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a migraine with aura? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a migraine without an aura? |
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Definition
| Visual symptoms are NOT present |
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Term
| Affects about 25% of females and 8% of males |
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Definition
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Term
| Positive family hisotry in 60% of cases; cause may be genetic |
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Definition
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Term
| Complex inflammatory process that appears to be related to the vascular system. In headache with aura, cerebral blood flow is reduced by 20% (hypoxia); during headache, blood flow is increased. May be related to metabolites and regulators in the brain which affect the vascular system. C-spine dysfunction may also be a cause. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| This headache can be dull or throbbing; photophobia is common. Neurological dysfunction can result (aphasia, numbness, weakness); diploipa, dizziness, vomiting, and prolonged neuro problems. |
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Definition
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Term
| A migraine that results in numbness and weakness; rare |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| How can migraines be medically treated? |
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Definition
-Vasoconstrictors
-Caffeine (cause cerebral vasoconstriction)
-Caffeine and aspirin combo |
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Term
| What should PTs do for pts with migraines? |
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Definition
-Biofeedback
-Tx C-spine if indicated
-Tx soft tissues of neck and occipital structure
-Ice treatment (vasoconstriction)
-Exercise |
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Term
| Severe, unilateral headache with short duration; can occur daily or several times a week for several weeks. Occur mainly in men, especially in black men. |
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Definition
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Term
| The cause of this type of headache is unknown but is believed to be a vascular disorder. Vasodilation of one external carotid artery may cause cerebral blood flow to increase; increased cerebral blood flow is evident during these types of headaches. |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the clinical manifestations of cluster headaches? |
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Definition
-Sudden onset of headache; non-throbbing
-Mainly remains on one side
-Usually pain is experienced over the eye and forehead areas
-Often associated with autonomic systems: photophobia, tearing, and nasal congestion |
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Term
| How can cluster headaches be medically treated? |
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Definition
-Educate pt on precipitating factors such as alcohol, change in sleeping patterns, and change in altitude
-Vasoconstrictors
-Upright activities such as walking
-Lying down |
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Term
| What can PTs do for a pt with cluster headaches? |
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Definition
-Biofeedback
-Ice
-Exercise
-Lying down |
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