Term
| What are the five basic densities seen on conventional radiography? |
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Definition
| Air, Fat, fluid or soft tissue, calcium, and metal |
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Term
| Describe how air appears in conventional radiography |
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Definition
| Absorbs the least x-ray and appears "blackest" on conventional radiographs |
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Term
| Describe how fat appears in conventional radiography |
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Definition
| Gray, somewhat darker (blacker) than soft tissue |
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Term
| Describe how fluid or soft tissue appear on conventional radiography |
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Definition
| Both fluid (e.g., blood) and soft tissue (e.g., muscle) have the same densities on conventional radiographs |
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Term
| Describe how calcium appears on conventional radiography |
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Definition
| The most dense, naturally occurring material (e.g., bones) absorbs most x-rays |
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Term
| Describe how metal appears in conventional radiography |
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Definition
| Usually absorbs all x-rays and appears the "whitest" (e.g., bullets, barium) |
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Term
| What are the black and white terms used for conventional radiographs? |
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Definition
White- increased density, opaque
Black- decreased density, lucent |
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Term
| What are the black and white terms used for CT? |
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Definition
White- Increased (high) attenuation; hyperintense, hyperdense
Black- Decreased (low) attenuation; hypodense |
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Term
| What are the black and white terms used for MRI? |
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Definition
White- Increased (high) signal intensity; bright
Black- Decreased (low) signal intensity; dark |
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Term
| What are the black and white terms used for US (Ultrasonography)? |
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Definition
White- Increased echogenicity; sonodense
Black- Decreased echogenicity; sonolucent |
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Term
| What are the black and white terms used for nuclear medicine? |
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Definition
White- increased tracer uptake
Black- Decreased tracer uptake |
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Term
| What are the black and white terms used for Barium Studies? |
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Definition
White- Radiopaque
Black- Nonopaque; Radiolucent |
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Term
| Where should you draw the 3 lines of the lateral radiograph of the cervical spine? |
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Definition
(1) junctions between the laminae and the spinous processes
(2) posterior aspects of the vertebral bodies
(3) anterior aspects of the vertebral bodies |
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Term
| What are the different types of injuries that can be observed in the neck? |
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Definition
1) Jefferson fracture (C1)
2) Dens fracture
3) cervical intervertebral disc herniation
4) dislocation of the cervical spine
5) vertebral body fracture
6) degenerative joint disease(cervical joint facets)
7) Bilateral locked facets |
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Term
| What are the different planes that an x-ray, CT scan, MRI, or other radiographic images be taken on? |
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Definition
Front Plane( open mouth x-ray)
Sagittal Plane- divides into right and planes (seen in a sideways view of the spinal column)
Transverse Plane ( when looking down on a vertebrae...more than likely will be done with CT or MRI)
Oblique Plane (any random cut, doubtful this is used for radiography) |
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